摘要:在 be 动词后加 not(is not = isn’t,are not = aren’t)。
There be 句型一般现在时
一、There be 句型
表示某地或某时存在某人或某物,某人和某物不是人名。
be就是is 、are的原形,就是说be 有数的变化。
二、基本结构
There be + 主语(人 / 物)+ 地点 / 时间
就近原则:
be 动词:根据最近的主语(第一个主语)决定单复数。
例如:
There is a book on the desk.(单数主语)
There are two pens and a ruler in the pencil box.(复数主语靠近 be 动词)
There is + 单数名词/不可数名词 + 地点.
There are + 复数名词 + 地点.
例如:
There is a pen on the desk. (桌上有一支钢笔。)
There are some pears in the basket. (篮子里有一些梨。)
There is some milk in the bottle. (瓶子里有些牛奶。)
三、句式变化
肯定句:
There is + 单数名词 + 地点:There is a cat under the chair.
There are + 复数名词 + 地点:
There are three students in the classroom.
There is + 单数名词/不可数名词 + 地点.
There are + 复数名词 + 地点.
There is a book on the desk. (桌上有本书。)
There are some apples in the basket. (篮子里有一些苹果。)
There is some water in the bottle. (瓶子里有些水。)
否定句:
在 be 动词后加 not(is not = isn’t,are not = aren’t)。
例如:There isn’t any milk in the bottle.(否定句用 any 代替 some)
在 be 动词后加 not,或使用 no(后直接加名词,强调“没有”)。
There isn’t a cat under the chair. (椅子下没有猫。)
There are no students in the classroom. (教室里没有学生。)
注意:名词前有 no 时,无需再加 not:There are no books on the table.
一般疑问句:
将 be(am/is/are) 动词提前,句末加问号。
例如:Is there a library in your school? — Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.
特殊疑问句:
提问数量用 How many + 复数名词 + are there...?:
How many students are there in your class?
四、时间状语(一般现在时标志)
表示 “现在存在”:now, today, at present(目前), in 2025(非过去 / 未来时间)。
例如:There are many flowers in the garden now.
五、初中常考易错点
就近原则:
错误:There is two apples and an orange.(×)
正确:There are two apples and an orange.(√,复数主语靠近 be 动词)
There be与 Have:
There be 表示 “某地有某物”(客观存在),have 表示 “某人拥有”。
例如:There is a bike in the yard.(院子里有一辆自行车)
I have a bike.(我有一辆自行车)
不可数名词:
用 There is,后接 “量”:There is some water in the glass.
提问:How much water is there in the glass?
六、注意事项
主语前不加限定词(如 this, that, my):
错误:There is my book on the desk.(×)
正确:There is a book on the desk.(√)
并列主语按 “就近原则”,与主语顺序无关:
There is an apple and three bananas in the bag.(√)
There are an apple and three bananas in the bag.(×)
来源:安博新高考