摘要：Now it can be a word, phrase, number or sentence that reads identically from both directions.

Hello there language enthusiasts.

你好，语言爱好者们。

Have you ever noticed that some words or even whole sentences read the same backwards as they do forward?

你有没有注意到，有些单词甚至整个句子，无论从前往后读还是从后往前读，都是一样的？

Take the word level for instance.

拿单词“level”举个例子。

Whether you read it from left to right or right to left, it stays exactly the same.

无论你是从左到右读，还是从右到左读，它都完全相同。

Isn't that cool?

是不是很酷？

These special words and phrases are called palindromes and today we are going to explore them.

这些特殊的单词和短语被称为回文，今天我们就来探讨它们。

Now it can be a word, phrase, number or sentence that reads identically from both directions.

回文可以是一个单词、短语、数字或句子，只要从两个方向读都是一样的。

Think of it like a mirror.

可以把它想象成一面镜子。

But why are they so interesting?

但为什么它们这么有趣呢？

Well, they show the symmetry and balance that can exist in language.

因为它们展现了语言中的对称性和平衡感。

They are not just the word play but are also a great way to sharpen your mind.

它们不仅仅是文字游戏，同时也是锻炼思维的好方法。

So, whether you are a person who loves to solve a puzzle or game teasers, palindromes are just for you.

所以，无论你是喜欢解谜题还是玩游戏的人，回文都非常适合你。

Let's start with some common palindrome words that you might already know.

让我们从一些常见的回文单词开始，这些你可能已经知道。

They are simple everyday words that read the same backward and forward.

它们是一些简单的日常单词，无论正着读还是反着读，都是一样的。

Let's look at some examples.

来看几个例子。

Mom, read it from either side. It's the same.

“Mom”，无论从哪一边读，都是一样的。

Similarly, we have Dad.

类似的还有“Dad”。

Then we have race car. Surprising, right?

然后是“racecar”，是不是很惊讶？

Another one is rotator.

另一个例子是“rotator”。

I hope you got it.

希望你已经明白了。

Now let's take a look at some phrases and sentences.

现在让我们看看一些短语和句子。

These are a bit more complex but they are also more interesting.

这些稍微复杂一些，但也更加有趣。

For example, one of the most famous palindrome sentence is, a man, a plan, a canal panama.

例如，最著名的回文句之一是“A man，a plan，a canal，Panama.”

It reads the same backwards as it does forward which is pretty impressive.

它无论从前往后读还是从后往前读，都是一样的，非常令人惊叹。

Another example is, was it a car or a cat I saw?

另一个例子是“Was it a car or a cat I saw？”

Flipping it also gives us the same statement.

倒过来读，它仍然是同样的句子。

Was it a car or a cat I saw?

“Was it a car or a cat I saw？”

No. Then we have no lemon, no melon.

再来看一个，“No lemon，no melon.”

Try reading it backwards. It's the same, right?

试着倒着读，是不是一样？

And another one is, step on no pets.

还有一个，“Step on no pets.”

The letters are in the same order from right to left and left to right.

字母的排列顺序无论从右到左还是从左到右，都是一样的。

Step on no pets.

“Step on no pets.”

Isn't it amazing how not only individual words but entire sentences can be crafted as palindromes.

是不是很神奇？不仅仅是单个单词，整个句子都可以被设计成回文。

These cleverly constructed phrases maintain their meaning and form whether you read them from left to right or from right to left.

这些巧妙构造的短语，无论从左到右读还是从右到左读，都能保持它们的意义和形式。

Now, did you know palindromes are not just for words?

那么，你知道回文不仅仅存在于单词中吗？

They can also be found in numbers.

它们也可以出现在数字中。

For example, the number one two one is a palindrome because it reads the same forward and backwards.

例如，数字“121”就是一个回文数，因为它无论从前往后读还是从后往前读，都是一样的。

Palindromic numbers are often used in puzzles and games, adding another layer of fun to the concept.

回文数经常被用于谜题和游戏中，为这个概念增添了更多趣味。

Remember the date? 2nd February 2020.

还记得这个日期吗？2020 年 2 月 2 日。

It's a palindrome date.

这是一个回文日期。

Meaning, it reads the same forward and backward, just like the words and sentences we've been exploring.

也就是说，它和我们刚刚探讨的回文单词和句子一样，无论从前往后读还是从后往前读，都是一样的。

These types of dates are rare and quite special because they create a sense of symmetry.

这种日期非常罕见，也很特别，因为它们展现了一种对称之美。

Now that we have covered different types of palindromes, let's take a look at some famous palindromes that you might often see and also use in your conversations.

现在，我们已经了解了不同类型的回文，让我们看看一些你可能经常见到并在日常对话中使用的著名回文。

These are words that you probably come across regularly and they are perfect examples of how palindromes are mixed in our everyday language.

这些都是你可能经常遇到的单词，它们是回文如何融入我们日常语言的完美例子。

For instance, radar is a common word used in technology and it's a palindrome because it reads the same forward and backward.

例如，雷达（radar）是科技领域的常见词汇，它是一个回文词，因为无论从前往后读还是从后往前读，拼写都是一样的。

Let's look at some example sentences.

让我们来看一些例句。

The plane was detected by radar long before it came into view.

这架飞机在进入视野之前很久就被雷达探测到了。

Or thanks to the radar system, we were able to track the storm's movement accurately.

或者，多亏了雷达系统，我们才能准确追踪风暴的移动。

Another great example is tenet, which we often use while talking about beliefs and principles.

另一个很好的例子是“tenet”，我们在谈论信仰和原则时经常使用这个词。

Here are some examples. One of the main tenets of their philosophy is treating others with kindness.

这里有一些例句，其中一个主要的信条是善待他人。

Or the company operates on the tenet that customer satisfaction is highly important.

或者，这家公司秉持的信条是客户满意度至关重要。

And then there is Civic, a word we encounter frequently.

然后还有“civic”这个词，我们经常会遇到。

Whether we are discussing cars or topics related to citizenship.

无论是在讨论汽车，还是与公民身份相关的话题时。

For example, she takes her civic duties seriously and never misses voting in elections.

例如，她非常重视公民责任，从不缺席选举投票。

Another example is, the new civic center has become a hub for local activities and meetings.

另一个例子是，新建的市民中心已成为当地活动和会议的中心。

Let's add a few more to our list.

让我们再添加几个单词到我们的列表中。

Words like solos and kayak are also palindromes that you might come across.

像“solos”和“kayak”这样的词也是回文词，你可能会遇到。

Now solos refers to performances or activities done by a single person without anyone else.

“Solos”指的是由单个人完成的表演或活动，没有其他人参与。

For example, a singer might perform several solos during a concert.

例如，一位歌手可能会在音乐会上演唱几首独唱曲目。

For example, her solos are reaching a million views online.

例如，她的独唱表演在网上的观看次数已达百万。

On the other hand, kayak is a type of small narrow boat typically used by one person.

另一方面，“kayak”是一种小型狭长的船，通常由一个人使用。

Though it can sometimes hold too.

不过，有时它也可以容纳两个人。

Let's look at some sentences.

让我们来看一些例句。

We rented a kayak and spent the afternoon paddling down the river.

我们租了一艘皮划艇，在河上划了一下午。

Or she loves to kayak on the lake when it is calm.

或者，她喜欢在湖面平静时划皮划艇。

And let's not forget words like stats, refer, and Madam.

当然，我们也不能忘记“stats”、“refer”和“madam”这些词。

These words are not just fun to recognize, but also used quite often in daily conversations.

这些词不仅有趣，而且在日常对话中经常使用。

Now stats is short for statistics, which refers to your numerical data.

“stats”是“statistics”（统计数据）的缩写，指的是数值数据。

For example, you might say, the coach reviewed the player's stats before making the final decision.

例如，你可以说，教练在做最终决定前查看了球员的统计数据。

Or according to the latest stats, the company's performance has improved.

或者，根据最新的统计数据，公司业绩有所提升。

Similarly, refer means to direct someone to a source of help or information.

类似地，“refer”表示引导某人去获取帮助或信息。

You could use it like this.

你可以这样使用它。

If you need more information, I can refer you to an expert on this topic.

如果你需要更多信息，我可以把你推荐给这方面的专家。

Or the doctor decided to refer the patient to a specialist.

或者，医生决定将这位病人转诊给一位专科医生。

And for madam, which is a polite form of address for a woman in a formal situation.

至于“madam”，它是正式场合中对女性的礼貌称呼。

You might hear, Madam, your table is ready. Please follow me.

你可能会听到：“夫人，您的桌子已经准备好了，请跟我来。”

Or the letter was addressed to madam.

或者，这封信是寄给一位女士的。

Noon is another familiar word that fits the palindrome pattern perfectly.

“noon”也是一个符合回文结构的常见单词。

It's a word we use every day to refer to the middle of the day, 12 pm when the sun is at its highest point.

它是我们每天都会用到的词，指的是正午 12 点，也就是太阳位于最高点的时候。

For example, I'll have brunch at noon.

例如，我打算在中午吃早午餐。

Or I have a meeting at noon.

或者，我在中午有一个会议。

And lastly, we have Malayalam, a fascinating palindrome. that's actually one of the languages of India spoken mostly in Kerala.

最后，我们来说说“Malayalam”，一个非常有趣的回文词，它实际上是印度的一种语言，主要在喀拉拉邦使用。

You might hear she speaks Malayalam fluently having grown up in Kerala or the movie was originally filmed in Malayalam but it has been dubbed into several other languages.

你可能会听到这样的句子：“她从小在喀拉拉邦长大，所以能流利地说马拉雅拉姆语。”或者“这部电影最初是用马拉雅拉姆语拍摄的，但后来被翻译成了几种其他语言。”

I hope you had as much fun learning about them as I did sharing them with you.

希望你在学习这些回文词的过程中，和我分享它们时一样感到有趣！

If you enjoyed this lesson, be sure to give it a thumbs up subscribe to the channel and hit that notification bell so you will never miss out on our future lessons.

如果你喜欢这节课，记得点赞、订阅频道，并打开通知铃铛，这样你就不会错过我们的未来课程。

Now, go out there and start spotting palindromes in your daily life.

现在，去你的日常生活中寻找回文词吧！

You might be surprised at how often they come up in your conversations and do not forget to share your favorite palindromes in the comments below.

你可能会惊讶地发现它们在对话中出现的频率有多高，别忘了在评论区分享你最喜欢的回文词！

I'll see you again in our next lesson, until then goodbye.

我们下节课再见，直到那时，再见！

来源：英语东