安玲学记（259）——精读期刊论文4.1软件成分分析

摘要：This issue of tweets will introduce the 4.1 software component analysis of the journal paper "Research on Supply chain Security Ri

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今天小编为大家带来“精读期刊论文《混源操作系统供应链安全风险评估方法研究》4.1软件成分分析"。

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Today, the editor brings the "the 4.1 software component analysis of the journal paper 'Research on Supply chain Security Risk assessment Method of Mixed source Operating System'".

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一、内容摘要（Content summary）

本期推文将从思维导图、精读内容、知识补充三个方面介绍精读期刊论文《混源操作系统供应链安全风险评估方法研究》的4.1软件成分分析。

This issue of tweets will introduce the 4.1 software component analysis of the journal paper "Research on Supply chain Security Risk assessment Method of Mixed source Operating System" from three aspects: mind mapping, intensive reading content, and knowledge supplement.

二、思维导图（Mind Mapping）

三、精读内容（Detailed Reading Content）

在评估过程中，可以借助一些技术手段和工具对部分指标进行评估。作者在深入研究已有的软件成分分析和测试技术基础上，总结并阐述了可用于评估相关指标的技术手段及工具。作者介绍了软件成分分析、安全测试方法、渗透测试方法。本次将为大家带来软件成分分析的相关内容。

During the evaluation process, certain technical means and tools can be used to assess specific metrics. Based on in-depth research into existing software composition analysis and testing technologies, the author summarizes and explains the technical means and tools that can be used to evaluate relevant metrics. The author introduces software composition analysis, security testing methods, and penetration testing methods. This article will focus on software composition analysis.

软件成分分析（SCA）是一种自动化静态分析方法，通过扫描源代码或二进制文件生成软件物料清单（SBOM），详细记录组件的名称、版本、依赖关系、开源许可证及关联漏洞（如CVE）等信息。其核心价值在于开源风险管理：对开源软件包，可评估供应商管制、许可证合规性及安全漏洞；对混源软件包，则能量化自主代码比例并识别知识产权与安全风险。主流工具涵盖商业产品和开源方案，为混源系统提供关键评估数据支撑。

Software Composition Analysis (SCA) is an automated static analysis method that scans source code or binary files to generate a Software Bill of Materials (SBOM), detailing information such as component names, versions, dependencies, open-source licenses, and associated vulnerabilities (e.g., CVEs). Its core value lies in open-source risk management: for open-source software packages, it can assess supplier control, license compliance, and security vulnerabilities; for mixed-source software packages, it can quantify the proportion of proprietary code and identify intellectual property and security risks. Mainstream tools include commercial products and open-source solutions, providing critical assessment data support for mixed-source systems.

四、知识补充——SCA工具面临的挑战（Knowledge Supplement — Challenges Faced by SCA Tools）

SCA（软件成分分析）工具在DevSecOps和开源治理中发挥着关键作用，但实际应用中也面临多重挑战。以下是当前SCA工具的主要挑战及技术背景分析：

SCA (Software Composition Analysis) tools play a critical role in DevSecOps and open-source governance, but they also face multiple challenges in practical applications. The following are the main challenges and technical background analysis of current SCA tools: