摘要:藏在技术背后的真实风险因素近20年来,全球科学家对试管婴儿与自闭症的关系进行了多项大规模研究,结论较为统一——在排除父母年龄、不孕原因等混杂因素后,试管婴儿技术本身与自闭症无显著关联。
VOL 3424
“她是试管婴儿,是经过筛选的呀,怎么可能!”滴答妈妈在孩子确诊自闭症后,完全不能接受。
她说,1岁半的常规体检,医生在测评后,特别提到了有自闭症的可能。不了解相关知识的她,当时还在想,“孩子出生后一直很活泼,也很爱笑,不可能。”
直到两岁,见孩子没有开口说话,滴答妈妈才真正着急起来,去医院再做诊断,得到结论是:轻度孤独症。
“这个孩子我等了10年,为什么会这样……”
滴答妈妈内心非常煎熬,反复纠结——家族并没有人有自闭症,这一切,是不是因为试管婴儿这个技术导致的?
和滴答妈妈有同样疑问的家庭不在少数。那么,试管婴儿技术到底是违背自然规律,还是能筛选优良基因?它和自闭症之间,究竟有没有关联?今天,我们就用科学的证据,为大家拨开迷雾。1. Winter, A. S., Yartel, A. K., Fountain, C., Cheslack-Postava, K., Zhang, Y., Schieve, L. A., Kissin, D. M., & Bearman, P. (2024). The role of multiple birth and birth complications in the association between assisted reproductive technology conception and autism diagnosis. American Journal of Epidemiology, 193(10), 1426–1432. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwae049
2. Briana, D. D., & Malamitsi-Puchner, A. (2022). Intracytoplasmic sperm injection and fetal origins of autism spectrum disorder: An intriguing, though controversial association. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 35(4), 799–805. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2020.1730804
3. Conti, E., Mazzotti, S., Calderoni, S., Saviozzi, I., & Guzzetta, A. (2013). Are children born after assisted reproductive technology at increased risk of autism spectrum disorders? A systematic review. Human Reproduction, 28(12), 3316–3327. https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/det380
4. Djuwantono, T., Aviani, J. K., Permadi, W., Achmad, T. H., & Halim, D. (2020). Risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in children born from different ART treatments: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 12(1), 33. https://doi.org/10.1186/s11689-020-09347-w
5. Zamstein, O., Wainstock, T., Gutvirtz, G., & Sheiner, E. (2024). Assessing the impact of medically assisted reproduction on autism spectrum disorder risk. Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, 41, 2607–2613. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10815-024-03180-z
6. Diop, H., Cabral, H., Gopal, D., Cui, X., Stern, J. E., & Kotelchuck, M. (2019). Early autism spectrum disorders in children born to fertile, subfertile, and ART-treated women. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 23, 1489–1499. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-019-02770-z
7. Velez, M. P., Dayan, N., Shellenberger, J., Pudwell, J., Kapoor, D., Vigod, S. N., & Ray, J. G. (2023). Infertility and risk of autism spectrum disorder in children. JAMA Network Open, 6(11), e2343954. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.43954
8. Muller, K., Carballo, A., Vega, K., & Talyn, B. (2024). A scoping review: Risk of autism in children born from assisted reproductive technology. Reproductive Medicine, 5(4), 204–230. https://doi.org/10.3390/reprodmed5040019
9. Halvaei, I., Litzky, J., & Esfandiari, N. (2020). Advanced paternal age: Effects on sperm parameters, assisted reproduction outcomes and offspring health. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 18, 110. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-020-00668-y
10. Wallace, A. E. (2017). Assessing the impact of medically assisted reproduction on autism spectrum disorder risk in a large commercially-insured population in the US [Doctoral dissertation, Drexel University]. Drexel University ProQuest Dissertations Publishing
来源:大米和小米