摘要：Cloud seeding involves using aircraft or drones to add to clouds particles of silver iodide, which have a structure similar to ice
India trials Delhi cloud seeding
to clean air in world’s most polluted city
印度试行德里人工降雨，
净化全球污染最严重城市的空气
Bharatiya Janata party launches first test flight as brown haze blankets city after Diwali – but experts decry ‘gimmick’
排灯节后，棕色雾霾笼罩城市，印度人民党启动首次试飞，但专家谴责其为“噱头”
Hannah Ellis-Petersen in Delhi
汉娜·埃利斯·彼得森（Hannah Ellis-Petersen）在德里
Fri 24 Oct 2025 08.25 BST
2025年10月24日星期五 08.25 BST
The Delhi regional government is trialling a cloud-seeding experiment to induce artificial rain, in an effort to clean the air in the world’s most polluted city.
印度德里地区政府正在试验人工降雨实验，以净化世界上污染最严重的城市的空气。
The Bharatiya Janata party (BJP) has been proposing the use of cloud seeding as a way to bring Delhi’s air pollution under control since it was elected to lead the regional government this year.
印度人民党（BJP）自今年当选为地方政府领导人以来，一直提议使用人工降雨来控制德里的空气污染。
India Gate shrouded in fog.
雾气笼罩的印度门。
‘The air is killing us’: why Delhi’s pollution problem runs deeper than smog season
“空气正在杀死我们”：为什么德里的污染问题比雾霾季节更为严重
Cloud seeding involves using aircraft or drones to add to clouds particles of silver iodide, which have a structure similar to ice. Water droplets cluster around the particles, modifying the structure of the clouds and increasing the chance of precipitation.
人工降雨是指使用飞机或无人机向云层中添加碘化银颗粒，这种颗粒的结构类似于冰。水滴聚集在颗粒周围，改变云层结构，增加降水的可能性。
Months of unpredictable weather over India’s capital had put the BJP’s cloud-seeding plans on pause. But days after Delhi’s air quality once again fell into the hazardous range after Diwali festival, and a thick brown haze settled over the city, the government said the scheme would finally be rolled out.
印度首都德里数月来天气变化莫测，导致印度人民党的人工增雨计划搁置。然而，在排灯节过后，德里的空气质量再次降至危险水平，浓厚的棕色雾霾笼罩全城几天后，政府终于宣布将正式实施该计划。
The Delhi environment minister, Manjinder Singh Sirsa, said the first trial flight – during which seeding flares were launched into the sky – was conducted on Thursday.
德里环境部长曼金德·辛格·西尔萨 (Manjinder Singh Sirsa) 表示，首次试飞于周四进行，期间向空中发射了播撒火炬。
The city’s chief minister, Rekha Gupta, said: “If conditions remain favourable, Delhi will experience its first artificial rain on October 29.”
该市首席部长雷卡·古普塔表示：“如果条件保持良好，德里将于 10 月 29 日迎来第一场人工降雨。”
People light fireworks
人们燃放烟花
People light ‘eco-friendly’ fireworks during Diwali, the Hindu festival of lights, in Delhi. Photograph: Anadolu/Getty Images
在印度教排灯节期间，德里的人们燃放“环保”烟花。图片来源：Anadolu/Getty Images
Experts who have studied cloud seeding say it is no panacea. It is supposed to produce more frequent and heavier rain than the clouds would otherwise release, but the effect is often small. The process also requires clouds, and they are often not present over Delhi during winter when pollution peaks. It also does not address the root causes of pollutants.
研究人工降雨的专家表示，它并非万能药。它本应比云层本身释放的降雨更频繁、更强劲，但效果往往不明显。人工降雨也需要云层，而冬季污染高峰期德里通常没有云层。人工降雨也无法解决污染物的根本原因。
Two professors at Delhi’s Centre for Atmospheric Sciences condemned the plan as a “gimmick”. “It is a textbook case of science misapplied and ethics ignored,” said Shahzad Gani and Krishna AchutaRao, writing in the Hindu newspaper.
德里大气科学中心的两位教授谴责该计划只是“噱头”。沙赫扎德·加尼和克里希纳·阿楚塔·拉奥在《印度教徒报》上撰文称： “这是一个典型的科学误用和伦理道德被忽视的案例。”
They equated the plans with the “smog towers” that were erected in Delhi by the previous government, at the cost of billions of rupees, but were found to be largely ineffectual at improving air quality.
他们将这些计划与前任政府在德里建造的“烟雾塔”相提并论，这些计划耗资数十亿卢比，但被发现对改善空气质量基本上无效。
They also warned that there was little research into the long-term effects on repeated use of the chemicals used in cloud seeding, such as silver iodide or sodium chloride, on agriculture and human health.
他们还警告说，对于重复使用人工降雨中使用的化学物质（如碘化银或氯化钠）对农业和人类健康的长期影响的研究很少。
“Snake-oil solutions will not clear the air in Delhi or the rest of North India,” Gani and AchutaRao said.
加尼和阿楚塔拉奥表示： “蛇油般的解决方案无法净化德里或北印度其他地区的空气。”
Delhi has been ranked as the world’s most polluted city for more than a decade. In 2024, pollution levels – caused by a deadly mix of emissions from crop burning, factories and heavy traffic, which get trapped over the city when the air gets colder – rose by 6%.
十多年来，德里一直被评为全球污染最严重的城市。到2024年，污染水平将上升6%。污染是由农作物焚烧、工厂和交通拥堵等排放物造成的，当气温下降时，这些排放物会被困在城市上空。
During winter, levels of PM2.5 and PM 10 – the fine particulate matter that causes pollution – in the city regularly go far above those seen during the famous “airpocalypse” in Beijing in 2013, before the Chinese government took stringent initiatives to clean the air.
冬季，北京的 PM2.5 和 PM 10（造成污染的细颗粒物）浓度经常远高于 2013 年北京著名的“空气末日”期间的浓度，当时中国政府尚未采取严厉措施净化空气。
来源：左右图史
