摘要:含义:表示某个时间点或时间段,主句和从句的动作可先后或同时发生。
二、具体用法与例句
1. when
含义:
表示 某个时间点或时间段,主句和从句的动作可先后或同时发生。
从句动作:可以是 瞬时动作(短暂动作)或 延续性动作。
主句动作:不受限制,但需注意时态搭配。
例句:
When the phone rang, I was sleeping.
(电话响时,我正在睡觉。)→ 从句是瞬时动作
When I lived in Paris, I visited museums every weekend.
(我住在巴黎时,每周末都去博物馆。)→ 从句是延续性动作
I was cooking when she called.
(她打来电话时,我正在做饭。)→ 主句是延续性动作
特殊用法:
突然发生的事件(常用过去进行时 + when + 一般过去时):
I was walking home when it suddenly rained.
(我正走回家,突然下起雨来。)
2. while
含义:
强调 两个延续性动作同时发生,从句动作需为持续状态或动作。
从句动作:必须为 延续性动作(常用进行时或状态动词)。
主句动作:通常也是延续性动作。
例句:
While I was studying, my brother was playing games.
(我在学习时,弟弟在打游戏。)→ 两个延续性动作同时进行
She listened to music while she was jogging.
(她边跑步边听音乐。)→ 主句和从句均为延续性动作
注意事项:
不能用于瞬时动作:
❌ While the phone rang, I opened the door.
✅ When the phone rang, I opened the door.
3. as
含义:
动作同时发生:强调两个动作同步进行,常带有“伴随”或“一边…一边…”的意味。
渐进性变化:表示“随着……”,主句动作随从句动作逐渐变化。
例句:
As I walked into the room, I heard a strange noise.
(我走进房间时,听到奇怪的声音。)→ 伴随动作
As time goes by, we learn to accept ourselves.
(随着时间的推移,我们学会接纳自己。)→ 渐进性变化
He waved as the train left the station.
(火车离站时,他挥手告别。)→ 同步动作
特殊用法:
固定搭配:
I’ll call you as soon as I arrive.
as soon as(一……就……):
三、对比与易错点
1. 动作类型限制
when:
从句可用瞬时或延续性动作。
✅ When he entered (瞬时), everyone stood up.
✅ When I was young (延续), I loved climbing trees.
while:
从句必须为延续性动作。
✅ While she was cooking (延续), the baby cried.
❌ While the light turned red (瞬时), he stopped.
as:
从句动作多为延续性,但可接瞬时动作(强调同步性)。
✅ As the clock struck twelve (瞬时), they cheered.
2. 时间范围与侧重
when:时间范围最广,可替换 while 或 as(但可能丢失部分含义)。
while:强调两个动作并行,突出“同时段内”。
as:强调伴随或变化,隐含“动作同步推进”。
3. 常见错误与纠正
错误1:用 while 接瞬时动作。
❌ While the explosion happened, people ran away.
✅ When the explosion happened, people ran away.
错误2:用 as 表示非同步动作。
❌ As I graduated, I got a job. (除非强调“毕业同时找到工作”)
瞬间动作用 when,并行持续用 while,伴随变化用 as!
来源:珍珠棉之港