词根词缀 - 词根 1-105: hydy,hydro= water,表示“水”

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摘要:hydrous /ˈhaɪdrəs/** 中文释义:含水的,水状的。** 英文释义:containing water, especially in a combined form or as water of crystallization.** 构词:hyd

hydrous /ˈhaɪdrəs/
** 中文释义:含水的,水状的。
** 英文释义:containing water, especially in a combined form or as water of crystallization.
** 构词:hydr-(水)+ -ous(形容词后缀,表 “具有…… 性质的”)→ 具有水的性质的→含水的。
** 例句:The hydrous mineral tends to break down when exposed to dry air.(这种含水矿物在干燥空气中容易分解。)anhydrous /ænˈhaɪdrəs/
** 中文释义:无水的。
** 英文释义:containing no water, especially no water of crystallization.
** 构词:an-(否定前缀,表 “无、不”)+ hydr-(水)+ -ous(形容词后缀)→ 无水分的→无水的。
** 例句:Anhydrous ethanol is often used as a solvent in chemical experiments.(无水乙醇常被用作化学实验中的溶剂。)dehydrate /diːˈhaɪdreɪt/
** 中文释义:(使)脱水,(使)干燥。
** 英文释义:to remove water from something, or to lose water from the body.
** 构词:de-(否定前缀,表 “去除、脱离”)+ hydr-(水)+ -ate(动词后缀,表 “使……”)→ 使去除水分→脱水。
** 例句:If you don't drink enough water in hot weather, you may dehydrate quickly.(在炎热天气里如果不喝足够的水,你可能会很快脱水。)carbohydrate /ˌkɑːbəʊˈhaɪdreɪt/
** 中文释义:碳水化合物,糖类。
** 英文释义:any of a large group of organic compounds occurring in foods and living tissues and including sugars, starch, and cellulose. They contain Hydrogen and oxygen in the same ratio as water (2:1) and typically can be broken down to release energy in the animal body.
** 构词:carbo-(碳)+ hydr-(水)+ -ate(名词后缀)→ 由碳和水相关结构组成的物质→碳水化合物。
** 例句:Whole grains are a good source of complex carbohydrates that provide long-lasting energy.(全谷物是复合碳水化合物的良好来源,能提供持久的能量。)hydrate /ˈhaɪdreɪt/(动词); /ˈhaɪdreɪt/(名词)
** 中文释义:(动词)使水化,使与水结合;(名词)水合物。
** 英文释义:(动词)to combine a substance chemically with water, or to cause a substance to do this;(名词)a compound formed by the combination of a substance with water.
** 构词:hydr-(水)+ -ate(动词 / 名词后缀,动词表 “使……”,名词表 “产物”)→ 使与水结合(动词);与水结合的产物(名词)。
** 例句:(动词)You need to hydrate your skin with a good moisturizer in winter.(冬天你需要用优质保湿霜为皮肤补水。)(名词)Magnesium sulfate forms a hydrate with seven water molecules.(硫酸镁会与七个水分子形成水合物。)hydrant /ˈhaɪdrənt/
** 中文释义:消防栓,水龙头(尤指公共取水口)。
** 英文释义:an outlet from a water main, especially one in a street, consisting of a short vertical pipe with a valve, used by firefighters to obtain water for putting out fires.
** 构词:hydr-(水)+ -ant(名词后缀,表 “相关事物”)→ 与水相关的设备→消防栓、水龙头。
** 例句:The firefighters quickly connected their hoses to the hydrant to fight the blaze.(消防员迅速将水带连接到消防栓上灭火。)hydroelectric /ˌhaɪdrəʊɪˈlektrɪk/
** 中文释义:水力发电的。
** 英文释义:relating to or using electricity produced by the energy of fast-flowing water.
** 构词:hydro-(水)+ electric(电的)→ 利用水的能量产生电的→水力发电的。
** 例句:This country has built many hydroelectric power stations along its major rivers.(这个国家在主要河流沿岸修建了许多水力发电站。)hydroplane /ˈhaɪdrəpleɪn/
** 中文释义:水上飞机;(汽车等在湿滑路面上的)滑水现象。
** 英文释义:(名词)a seaplane; a condition in which a vehicle, especially a car, slides out of control on a wet road because the tires lose contact with the surface.
** 构词:hydro-(水)+ plane(飞机;平面,此处指接触面)→ 在水面行驶的飞机(水上飞机);轮胎与水面接触导致的滑动(滑水现象)。
** 例句:(水上飞机)The hydroplane took off smoothly from the lake's surface.(这架水上飞机从湖面平稳起飞。)(滑水现象)Drivers should reduce speed in rain to avoid hydroplane.(司机在雨天应减速以避免车辆滑水。)hydropower /ˈhaɪdrəpaʊə(r)/
** 中文释义:水力发电,水电。
** 英文释义:electricity produced by using the energy of moving water.
** 构词:hydro-(水)+ power(电力)→ 利用水产生的电力→水力发电、水电。
** 例句:Hydropower is a clean and renewable energy source that helps reduce carbon emissions.(水电是一种清洁的可再生能源,有助于减少碳排放。)hydrotherapy /ˌhaɪdrəʊˈθerəpi/
** 中文释义:水疗法(利用水的温度、压力等治疗疾病或缓解疼痛)。
** 英文释义:the treatment of disease or injury using water, especially by applying pressure or temperature changes.
** 构词:hydro-(水)+ therapy(疗法)→ 利用水进行的治疗→水疗法。
** 例句:Many patients with joint pain find hydrotherapy very effective in relieving their symptoms.(许多关节疼痛患者发现水疗法对缓解症状非常有效。)hydrogen /ˈhaɪdrədʒən/
** 中文释义:氢(化学元素,符号 H)。
** 英文释义:a colorless, odorless, highly flammable gas, the chemical element of atomic number 1.
** 构词:hydro-(水)+ -gen(名词后缀,表 “产生…… 的物质”)→ 产生水的物质(氢气与氧气结合生成水)→氢。
** 例句:Hydrogen is often used as a fuel in fuel cells for generating electricity.(氢气常被用作燃料电池中的燃料来发电。)词根记忆核心
牢记 “hydr- /hydro- = water(水)”的含义,所有相关单词均围绕 “水” 的含义延伸的,如 “与水相关的物质(hydrogen、carbohydrate)”、“水的动作(dehydrate、hydrate)”、“利用水的事物(hydroelectric、hydropower)” 等,结合前缀(an - 无、de - 去除)和后缀(-ous、-ate、-ant)的含义,可快速推导出单词的意思。易混淆单词区分
“hydrate”(动词 “水化”、名词 “水合物”)与 “dehydrate”(“脱水”):前者核心是 “加进水”,后者是 “去掉水”,通过前缀 “de-”(去除)可明确区分。
“hydroplane” 的双重含义:结合语境判断,与 “飞机” 相关时指 “水上飞机”,与 “汽车、路面” 相关时指 “滑水现象”。发音注意
部分单词含重音变化,如 “hydrate” 作动词时重音在第二音节(/ˈhaɪdreɪt/),但实际使用中名词和动词发音一致,无需过度纠结;
“carbohydrate” 较长,注意拆分音节(car-bo-hy-drate)辅助发音,避免漏读。应用场景提示
“anhydrous”、“dehydrate” 多在化学、医学等领域中使用;“hydroelectric”、“hydropower” 常见于能源、环保等话题;
“hydrant、”“hydroplane(滑水现象)” 则在日常生活、交通场景中出现,结合场景记忆能提升记忆效率。

来源:逸剑听潮

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