摘要:你可以把从句的主语、谓语删掉,将其动作用分词短语表示出来、并替代从句,起到精简句子的目的。
如英文句子冗长、啰嗦,读之生厌。
你可以把从句的主语、谓语删掉,将其动作用分词短语表示出来、并替代从句,起到精简句子的目的。
一般有三种方式:
【第一】用现在分词短语替代从句:
条件是:
a/"从句逻辑主语=主句主语"。
b/"从句的动作"~是由主句主语发出的",属主动关系。
1/ 使用这本字典时,我发现它很有用。
传统主、从句:
When I am using this dictionary, I find it is very useful.
分词短语替代从句:
Using this dictionary, I find it is very useful. (using~由"逻辑主语=主句主语"I"发出,属主动关系)。
2/ 昨天晚上,她在广场上又跳又唱,看上去像个疯子!
Dancing and singing in the square last night, she looked like a madwoman!
3/ 在检查了货物情况和确认货损后,船长写出了"海事声明"。
传统主、从句
After he had inspected the cargo condition and confirmed the damage, the captain wrote a "Sea-Protest"
分词短语替代从句:
After inspecting the cargo condition and confirming the damage, the captain wrote a "Sea-Protest".
(船长发出的~inspecting, confirming动作、主动关系)
【第二】用过去分词短语替代从句
条件是:
a/"从句逻辑主语=主句主语",
b/"主句主语"是从句动作的"承受者"、属被动关系。
1/ 这本字典被使用很长时间了,看上去很陈旧。 Used for a long time, Thisdictionary looks very old.(used for...由"逻辑主语"Dictionary承受,属被动关系)。
2/ 我被邀请来这儿演讲,所以谢谢你们的邀请。
传统主、从句:
I was invited here to give a speech, so I thank you for your invitation.
分词短语替代从句:Invited here to give a speech, I thank you for your invitation.
(Invited…由逻辑主语~"I"承受、被邀请)
3/ 从远处看这个小岛,它像是一片云。
传统主、从句:
When it was viewed from a distance, the island looked like a cloud.
分词短语替代从句:Viewed from a distance, theisland looked like a clond.
(Island~被看Viewed)
【第三】独立主格结构形式条件是:
a/ 从句、主句各有自己的主语,"从句主语≠主句主语"。
b/如分词短语的"逻辑主语"是动作的发出者时,属主动关系、用现在分词。
1/ 玛丽回来了,我们一起讨论了这件事。
Mary coming back, We discussed it together。 (coming~由mary发出、主动关系)
2/ 孩子们高兴极了,他们的眼睛闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 Their eyes shining with excitement, the kids could not have been happier。
(Shining~由眼睛发出、主动关系)
c/如分词短语的逻辑主语是动作的"承受者",被动关系、用过去分词。
1/ 工作完成后,我们就回家了。
传统主、从句
After the work had been done,we went home.
分词替代从句
The work done, we went home.
(work~是逻辑主语、被做、用过去形式done)
2/ 90%的建筑被战争摧毁了,加沙人民成了无家可归的难民。
With 90% of the buildingsdestroyed by the war, the people of Gaza have been homeless refugees. (逻辑主语buildings~被destroyed)
3/ 她心已破碎,离开了那个残暴的男人。
Her heart broken,she left the cruel man.
来源:鲲鹏展翅