摘要:随着精准医学发展,肿瘤中的驱动靶点不断被发现,针对这些靶点的靶向治疗也显著改善了患者预后。自 2004 年开始,MET 基因异常开始逐渐走入研究视野,然而其靶向治疗却一路曲折。历经数年研发,随着越来越多 MET 抑制剂的出现,MET 基因异常成为另一肿瘤经典靶
随着精准医学发展,肿瘤中的驱动靶点不断被发现,针对这些靶点的靶向治疗也显著改善了患者预后。自 2004 年开始,MET 基因异常开始逐渐走入研究视野,然而其靶向治疗却一路曲折。历经数年研发,随着越来越多 MET 抑制剂的出现,MET 基因异常成为另一肿瘤经典靶点,为非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的精准治疗添砖加瓦。
01MET 是一种原癌基因,位于染色体 7q21-q31,编码表达于上皮细胞的跨膜受体酪氨酸激酶,其自然配体是肝细胞生长因子(HGF)。1984 年 MET 通路被发现,之后多项研究显示 HGF/Met 通路在胚胎发育、伤口愈合和组织再生等多种细胞生长过程中起到必要生理作用,同时发现其在癌症发生发展中也起到重要作用。除了 HGF 外,MET 也可以和其他配体或细胞受体作用,如 MET 同源 RON(MST1R)、ROR1、CD44、整合素和 CD141 等,介导的 MET 异常活化可激活下游 MAPK/ERK、PI3K/PKB、mTOR、JAK/STAT 等信号通路[1](图 1)。[1]Spitaleri G, et al. MET in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Cross 'a Long and Winding Road' Looking for a Target. Cancers (Basel). 2023;15(19):4779.
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来源:临床用药