文学文享（89）：泛读文献

摘要：Today, the editor will interpret and share "Stakeholder Perspective of Supply Chain managementperformance Evaluation System" from

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1 内容摘要（Content summary）

今天小编将从“思维导图、精读内容、知识补充”三个板块，解读分享文献《利益相关者视角的供应链管理绩效评价体系》。

Today, the editor will interpret and share "Stakeholder Perspective of Supply Chain managementperformance Evaluation System" from the three sections of "mind map, intensive reading content, and knowledge supplement".

2 思维导图（Mind mapping）

3 精读内容（Intensive reading content）

在识别完供应链管理中的利益相关者，同时对利益相关者进行分类后，便进行到了设计评价指标的环节。由于利益相关者的利益要求及其对供应链的贡献可能是比较抽象的，故需要将其转化为一定的目标，然后根据目标的内容进行推导，进而推导出供应链的绩效目标。

After identifying stakeholders in supply chain management and categorizing them, the stage of designing evaluation indicators begins. Due to the abstract nature of stakeholders' interests and their contributions to the supply chain, it is necessary to transform them into certain goals, and then derive the performance objectives of the supply chain based on the content of the goals.

以顾客这一利益相关者为例，顾客贡献了最终的收入和利益，关系到整条供应链能否盈利以及盈利多少的问题，是供应链最重要的利益相关者之一。而跟顾客有关的要求主要是原有产品、服务和新产品这三个部分，顾客会对这三个部分提出不同的要求，如和服务有关的是交货时间、交货柔性和抱怨解决时间。

Taking customers as a stakeholder as an example, they contribute the final income and benefits, which is related to the profitability and profitability of the entire supply chain. They are one of the most important stakeholders in the supply chain. The requirements related to customers mainly include three parts: existing products, services, and new products. Customers will have different requirements for these three parts, such as delivery time, delivery flexibility, and complaint resolution time related to services.

而后根据前文中对供应链绩效的分类，可分为链内绩效和链外绩效两种，链内绩效考虑节点企业间的合作水平，会包含企业间产需率等一系列指标，而链外绩效主要考察政府和社区团体这两类利益相关者，也包含与各自相关的一些指标。通过剔除这些指标中的重复和不对的项，就可以得到一个基本的指标体系。

According to the classification of supply chain performance mentioned earlier, it can be divided into two types: in chain performance and out of chain performance. In chain performance considers the level of cooperation between node enterprises and includes a series of indicators such as inter enterprise production and demand rates, while out of chain performance mainly examines two types of stakeholders: government and community groups, and also includes some indicators related to each. By removing duplicate and incorrect items from these indicators, a basic indicator system can be obtained.

最后的评价方法作者选用了层次分析法，层次分析法可以对供应链管理绩效评价指标体系这种既包含定量又包含定性指标，且指标间存在递阶层次结构的指标体系进行评价，其基本思想是先提出目标，然后建立层次结构模型，最后求出各层次上的权重系数。

The author chose the Analytic Hierarchy Process as the final evaluation method. The Analytic Hierarchy Process can evaluate the performance evaluation index system of supply chain management, which includes both quantitative and qualitative indicators, and has a hierarchical structure between indicators. The basic idea is to first propose goals, then establish a hierarchical structure model, and finally calculate the weight coefficients at each level.

但是供应链管理绩效评价指标体系中，有正指标、中性指标和逆指标之分，故还需要进行无量纲处理，后运用专家咨询法，对指标体系中处于各层级的指标进行两两比较，构造出判断矩阵，然后求出矩阵的特征根和特征向量，最终求出供应链的最终评价得分。

However, in the performance evaluation index system of supply chain management, there are positive indicators, neutral indicators, and inverse indicators, so dimensionless processing is still needed. Then, expert consultation method is used to compare the indicators at each level in the index system pairwise, construct a judgment matrix, and then calculate the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix, and finally obtain the final evaluation score of the supply chain.

4 知识补充（Knowledge supplement）

什么是消费者剩余？

What is Consumer surplus?

消费者剩余是指消费者消费一定数量的某种商品愿意支付的最高价格与这些商品的实际市场价格之间的差额。消费者剩余是衡量消费者福利的重要指标，被广泛地作为一种分析工具来应用。产业的社会福利等于消费者剩余加上生产者剩余之和，或者等于总消费效用与生产成本之差。一般认为，消费者剩余达到最大的条件是边际效用等于边际支出。

Consumer surplus refers to the difference between the highest price that consumers are willing to pay for a certain quantity of a certain commodity and the actual market price of these commodities. Consumer surplus is an important indicator for measuring consumer welfare and is widely used as an analytical tool. The social welfare of an industry is equal to the sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus, or to the difference between total consumer utility and production costs. It is generally believed that the condition for maximizing consumer surplus is that marginal utility equals marginal expenditure.

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