《海洋预报》| 北极东北航道通航窗口计算与分析

摘要：使用美国冰雪中心发布的海冰密集度数据集，对1979－2022年北极区域海冰密集度数据进行时空分析；提出基于Dijkstra最短路径算法的通航窗口改进算法，计算并分析了东北航道的通航窗口，确定了通航航道及周期；进一步分析并确定了影响东北航道通航性的关键区域。研究

北极东北航道通航窗口计算与分析

1何亚文1 211

单位：

1. 中国石油大学(华东)海洋与空间信息学院, 山东青岛 266580;

2. 青岛中科蓝底信息科技有限公司, 山东青岛 266555

分类号：P731.32; P727

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2025·42·第一期（23-31）

摘要：使用美国冰雪中心发布的海冰密集度数据集，对1979－2022年北极区域海冰密集度数据进行时空分析；提出基于Dijkstra最短路径算法的通航窗口改进算法，计算并分析了东北航道的通航窗口，确定了通航航道及周期；进一步分析并确定了影响东北航道通航性的关键区域。研究结果表明：1979－2022年北极区域海冰密集度持续减少，年减少约0.18%；1979－2022年间共有25年存在通航窗口，平均通航窗口起始多在7月下旬—8月上旬，结束多在10月上中旬，周期变化较大；影响东北航道通航期的关键区域为中段海域。

关键词：北极海冰东北航道 Dijkstra算法通航窗口

Abstract：This paper used the sea ice concentration data set released by the National Snow and Ice Data Center to conduct spatiotemporal analysis of sea ice concentration data in the Arctic region from 1979 to 2022; An improved navigation window algorithm based on Dijkstra shortest path algorithm was proposed. The navigation window of the Northeast Passage was calculated, and the navigation channel and period were determined. The key areas affecting the navigability of the Northeast Passage are further analyzed. The results show that: the annual average sea ice concentration in the Arctic region decreased by about 0.18% per year. There were 25 years of navigable windows during 1979—2022. The average start period of navigable windows was late July to early August, and the end period of navigable windows was early and middle October. The cycle of navigable windows changed largely. The key area affecting the navigation period of the Northeast Passage is the middle section.

Key words：Arctic sea ice; Northeast Passage; Dijkstra's algorithm; navigational window