摘要：“Rivalry”源自16世纪英语，来自拉丁语 rivalitas（竞争、对抗），由 rivalis（对手、竞争者）衍生，最初指“共享同一河流的人”，后引申为“竞争者”。进入英语后，指竞争关系或敌对状态，强调对抗或较量。
rivalry
[RIVALRY]
英 ['raɪvlri] 美 ['raɪvlri]
n.敌对；竞争；对抗
◉词源
“Rivalry”源自16世纪英语，来自拉丁语 rivalitas（竞争、对抗），由 rivalis（对手、竞争者）衍生，最初指“共享同一河流的人”，后引申为“竞争者”。进入英语后，指竞争关系或敌对状态，强调对抗或较量。
◉外刊例句
① 《经济学人》（The Economist），2024年10月12日
The rivalry between tech giants fuels rapid innovation.
科技巨头间的竞争推动了快速创新。
② 《纽约时报》（The New York Times），2023年11月5日
The sports rivalry drew thousands of passionate fans to the stadium.
体育竞争吸引了数千名热情的粉丝到场。
③ 《卫报》（The Guardian），2025年1月15日
The political rivalry has deepened divisions in the country.
政治对立加深了国家的分裂。
◉经典名著
① 《傲慢与偏见》（Pride and Prejudice），简·奥斯汀（Jane Austen），1813年
A rivalry grew between Darcy and Wickham.
达西与威克姆之间产生了竞争。
② 《哈姆雷特》（Hamlet），威廉·莎士比亚（William Shakespeare），约1600年
Rivalry stirred among the courtiers.
廷臣间萌生了对抗。
◉Usage Examples
(1) He was incited to achievement by rivalry.
(2) Sibling rivalry is part of the original sin.
(3) There is great rivalry between the two brothers.
(4) There is cut-throat rivalry among the supermarkets.
(5) The rivalry between analysts and geometers grew very bitter.
(1) 竞争激励他努力取得成就。
(2) 兄弟间的敌对相争，是最原始的一种罪。
(3) 这两兄弟间有一场激烈的竞争。
(4) 这些超级市场之间的竞争可谓你死我活。
(5) 分析学家与几何学家之间的对抗非常激烈。
◉Usage Notes
Rivalry is the act of competing for the same thing against another person. Your rivalry with your older sister is amusing to the family but very annoying to her.
Rivalry comes from the noun rival, the person you compete against. Often a rivalry starts when people want the same reward — and their talents are just about equal. Your rivalry for the lead in the play at the local theater isn't between you and George Clooney — it's between you and the other guy who also had a great audition.
◉柯林斯词典
1. [N-VAR 可变名词]竞争；敌对 Rivalry is competition or fighting between people, businesses, or organizations who are in the same area or want the same things.
① ...the rivalry between the Inkatha and the ANC...
英卡塔自由党和非洲国民大会之间的敌对
② He had a lot of rivalry with his brothers and sisters.
他和兄弟姐妹间经常较劲。
③ ...a city torn by deep ethnic rivalries.
被深厚的种族仇恨弄得四分五裂的城市
来源：学无用的英语