The Three types of Poets in the 17th Century 17世纪的三种诗人

摘要：The 17th century writers were still influenced by Spenser and Shakespeare. They were classed fairly as Puritan and Cavalier. The C

The 17th century writers were still influenced by Spenser and Shakespeare. They were classed fairly as Puritan and Cavalier. The Cavalier type was aristocratic, with a strong feeling of loyalty to class and king, delighting in love beauty, and believing in the enjoyment of this life. The Puritan type, which put stress on the freedom and responsibility on individual both in religion and in politics, was greatly concerned with strict rules of conduct.

In short, while the revolutionary spirit of the time found its strong reflection in literature, the spirit of pessimism of the aristocratic class in decline found expression in the works of the Metaphysical poets and the Cavalier poets. So, there were three types of poets: Metaphysical poets represented by John Donne, Cavalier poets represented by John Dryden, and Puritan poets represented by and John Milton and John Bunyan.

17世纪的作家们仍然受到斯宾塞和莎士比亚的影响。他们被大致分为清教徒派和骑士派。骑士派作家具有贵族气质，对阶级和国王怀有强烈的忠诚感，他们热爱爱情与美，并相信现世的享乐。而清教徒派则强调个人在宗教和政治上的自由与责任，非常注重严格的行为准则。简而言之，尽管当时的革命精神在文学中得到了强烈反映，但没落贵族阶级的悲观情绪也在玄学派诗人和骑士派诗人的作品中得以表达。因此，当时的诗人主要分为三类：以约翰·多恩为代表的玄学派诗人，以约翰·德莱顿为代表的骑士派诗人，以及以约翰·弥尔顿和约翰·班扬为代表的清教徒派诗人。