摘要:“order” 是一个用法丰富的单词,既可以作动词,也可以作名词,在不同语境中含义和搭配有所不同。下面详细讲讲它的常见用法:
“order” 是一个用法丰富的单词,既可以作动词,也可以作名词,在不同语境中含义和搭配有所不同。下面详细讲讲它的常见用法:
一、作动词(v.)
表示 “命令、订购、安排、点(餐 / 菜)” 等意思。
命令,要求
后接宾语从句时,从句常用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形,should 可省略),也可接 “宾语 + 不定式” 结构。
The teacher ordered that the homework (should) be handed in by Friday.(老师要求作业周五前交。)
The officer ordered his men to attack.(军官命令士兵进攻。)
订购,预订
可接物品、服务等,常用搭配 “order sth. from...”(从…… 订购某物)。
I ordered a new laptop from the online store.(我从网店订了一台新笔记本电脑。)
She ordered a taxi to pick her up at 7 pm.(她预订了一辆出租车晚上 7 点来接她。)
点(餐、菜等)
在餐厅等场景中,指 “点单”。
He ordered a steak and a glass of red wine.(他点了一份牛排和一杯红酒。)
安排,整理
表示 “使有序、整理”。
She spent the morning ordering her bookshelf.(她一早上都在整理书架。)
二、作名词(n.)
含义较多,常见的有 “顺序、命令、订单、秩序” 等。
顺序,次序
指事物排列的先后顺序。
Please arrange the books in alphabetical order.(请按字母顺序排列这些书。)
The events are described in the order of time.(这些事件按时间顺序叙述。)
命令
指权威人士发出的指令,常用搭配 “give an order”(下达命令)、“follow an order”(服从命令)。
The general gave the order to advance.(将军下达了前进的命令。)
Soldiers must obey orders.(士兵必须服从命令。)
订单,订货
指订购货物或服务的单据或行为。
We received a large order for shoes.(我们收到了一份大额的鞋子订单。)
The company has placed an order for 100 computers.(公司订购了 100 台电脑。)
秩序,条理
指社会、环境等的有序状态。
The police worked to maintain public order.(警方努力维持公共秩序。)
Her desk is always in perfect order.(她的书桌总是井井有条。)
点的餐 / 菜
指在餐厅点的食物或饮料。
Our order should be ready in 10 minutes.(我们点的餐应该 10 分钟后好。)
(宗教或社会组织的)团体,教派
如 “the Order of the Knights Templar”(圣殿骑士团)。
三、常用短语和固定搭配
in order
:整齐;有序;适宜(如 “Everything is in order.” 一切井然有序。)
out of order
:无序;出故障(如 “The elevator is out of order.” 电梯坏了。)
in order to
:为了(后接动词原形,表目的),如 “She studies hard in order to pass the exam.”(她努力学习是为了通过考试。)
in order that
:为了(后接从句,表目的),如 “He saved money in order that he could buy a house.”(他存钱是为了能买房子。)
on order
:已订购(但尚未到货),如 “The furniture is on order and will arrive next week.”(家具已订购,下周到货。)
通过具体语境理解这些用法,能更灵活地运用 “order” 哦~
练习题
以下是关于 order 用法的练习题,涵盖动词和名词的不同含义,附答案及解析:
一、单项选择题
The manager _______ that all employees (should) attend the meeting tomorrow.
A. ordered B. ordered to C. ordering D. order
We have placed an _______ for 500 copies of the new book.
A. order B. ordering C. ordered D. orders
Please keep the classroom _______. The teacher will check it soon.
A. in order B. out of order C. on order D. by order
She arrived early _______ get a good seat in the concert.
A. in order B. in order to C. in order that D. order to
The waiter came over to take our _______ after we sat down.
A. order B. orders C. ordering D. ordered
二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空
The general _______ (order) his soldiers to retreat immediately.
These documents need to be arranged in the right _______ (order).
I _______ (order) a pizza an hour ago, but it hasn’t arrived yet.
The machine is _______ (order) and can’t be used now.
They saved money _______ (order) buy a car for their son.
答案及解析
一、单项选择题
A
解析:句意为 “经理命令所有员工明天参加会议”。order 作动词表 “命令” 时,可接宾语从句(用虚拟语气),此处用过去式 ordered,符合语境。
A
解析:句意为 “我们订购了 500 本新书”。order 作名词表 “订单” 时,是可数名词,此处用单数形式,与 an 搭配。
A
解析:句意为 “请保持教室整齐,老师很快会检查”。in order 表示 “整齐;有序”,符合语境。out of order 意为 “出故障”,on order 意为 “已订购”,均不符合。
B
解析:句意为 “她早到是为了在音乐会上占个好座位”。in order to 后接动词原形表目的,是固定搭配。
A
解析:句意为 “我们坐下后,服务员过来点餐”。take one’s order 是固定短语,表 “点餐”,order 此处为不可数名词(指 “所点的餐”)。
二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空
ordered
解析:句意为 “将军命令士兵立即撤退”。描述过去的动作,用一般过去时 ordered。
order
解析:句意为 “这些文件需要按正确顺序排列”。in the right order 表 “按正确顺序”,order 此处为名词 “顺序”。
ordered
解析:句意为 “我一小时前点了披萨,但还没到”。an hour ago 提示用一般过去时 ordered(表 “订购;点单”)。
out of order
解析:句意为 “这台机器出故障了,现在不能用”。out of order 是固定短语,表 “出故障”。
in order to
解析:句意为 “他们存钱是为了给儿子买辆车”。in order to 表目的,后接动词原形 buy。
通过这些题目可以巩固 order 作为动词(命令、订购、点餐)和名词(顺序、订单、秩序)的核心用法,以及相关固定搭配~
来源:哎呀喂英语