饭店里摆盘的粉紫色花，到底是什么？

摘要：Whether it's Chinese cuisine, Western dishes, Japanese food, desserts, or even a cocktail, this pink-purple bloom has become almos

你是否注意过饭店里被用作摆盘的粉紫色花朵？

图源：视觉中国

无论是中餐、西餐、日料、还是甜点，甚至是一杯鸡尾酒，这朵粉紫色的花朵几乎成了菜肴的“标配”，堪称饭店的“摆盘神器”。

图源：美团@芳呈海鲜酒楼 @快乐海鲜酒楼

好看之余，不少人也好奇：这种花到底是什么？饭店为什么都用它来做装饰？

Have you ever noticed the pink-purple flower frequently used as a garnish on restaurant plates?

Whether it's Chinese cuisine, Western dishes, Japanese food, desserts, or even a cocktail, this pink-purple bloom has become almost a "standard feature" for dishes. Beyond its visual appeal, many wonder: What exactly is this flower?

摆盘的粉紫花朵是什么？

这种粉紫色花名为秋石斛，是石斛兰的一种，为兰科石斛属多年生草本植物。因为秋石斛花期主要是秋季，通常集中在8～11月份开放，所以才有了这个名字。秋石斛是典型的热带花朵，又叫“热带洋兰”，原产于东南亚和西太平洋岛屿，目前泰国、新加坡、美国夏威夷等地都是秋石斛的主产地。

This flower is called the Dendrobium phalaenopsis, specifically a type of autumn-blooming Dendrobium. It belongs to the orchid family (Orchidaceae), genus Dendrobium, and is a perennial herb.

Because its primary blooming season is autumn, typically concentrated from August to November, it earned the name "autumn Dendrobium".

图源：视觉中国

绚丽多姿的秋石斛，其实是杂交出来的。它以原本产于热带地区的种类（新几内亚的蝴蝶石斛）为亲本，经多代杂交培育而成。因此人们也称秋石斛为“蝴蝶石斛”。

秋石斛的品种较多，具体到饭店菜品上的秋石斛，主要是蝴蝶花形品种。

秋石斛的主要品种图源：参考资料[1]

蝴蝶花形的秋石斛

为何能成为“摆盘神器”？

蝴蝶花形的秋石斛能从众多的花卉中脱颖而出，成为“菜品装饰王”，和其自身过硬的实力分不开。

The Dendrobium phalaenopsis stands out among numerous flowers to become the "king of dish garnishes" thanks to its inherent strengths.

首先是颜值高。蝴蝶花形秋石斛因富含花青素苷，所以以粉紫色为主，外加白色点缀，颜色喜庆又清新，再加上花瓣向外卷曲打开，花形优雅俏丽，颜值颇高，受到饭店青睐也不奇怪。

Rich in anthocyanins, the Dendrobium phalaenopsis is primarily pink-purple with white accents, giving it a festive yet fresh appearance. Combined with its elegantly curved and opened petals, its graceful and pretty form makes its popularity with restaurants unsurprising.

图源：视觉中国

其次，秋石斛十分“抗造”。一朵花走上餐桌，需要经历采摘、包装、运输等等步骤，几个回合下来，要是没点“硬实力”，还没等摆盘就蔫了。而作为切花的秋石斛花瓣比较厚实，最大的特点是耐储存和运输，相比一些需要仔细呵护的花来说，秋石斛的优势显而易见。

For a flower to reach the dining table, it must endure harvesting, packaging, transportation, and more. Without some "toughness", it would wilt before even making it to the plate.

As a cut flower, Dendrobium phalaenopsis petals are relatively thick, and its greatest characteristic is its tolerance for storage and transport. Compared to flowers requiring delicate care, the Dendrobium phalaenopsis's advantage is clear.

图源：淘宝好新鲜精品蔬果

从数量上看，秋石斛花枝比较长，能长到30～60cm，上面开出的花朵也不少，大约能开3～20朵，而且花期长达1个多月。再加上秋石斛售价不算高，1束（12枝）大约在10元到30元不等，算下来一枝最贵在2.5元左右，假设一枝上有10多花，一朵也就2毛5，用来摆盘的话性价比还是很高的。

最重要的一点，用于摆盘的花必须安全无毒。蝴蝶花形的秋石斛没有毒性，也没有浓郁刺激的味道，装饰在菜肴上十分安全，且不会影响食物本来的味道。

Most importantly, flowers used for plating must be safe and non-toxic. The Dendrobium phalaenopsis is non-toxic and lacks a strong, pungent scent. Using it to decorate dishes is safe and does not interfere with the food's original flavor.

用于摆盘的秋石斛没有浓郁刺激的花朵香气图源：参考资料[3]

从另一个角度看，秋石斛寓意美好，它的花语是“慈爱、勇敢、欢迎、祝福、纯洁、吉祥、幸福”，用来摆盘装点菜肴以表达对食客的欢迎与祝福再合适不过。

而且，在菜肴上摆上一朵秋石斛，还能帮助菜品卖得更好、更贵。

但要提醒一点，虽然秋石斛无毒，但不建议食用，毕竟这种花主要作观赏用。

However, it must be emphasized: although non-toxic, Dendrobium phalaenopsis is not recommended for consumption, as this flower is primarily ornamental.

大有讲究的摆盘

菜品摆盘、装饰得好，会改变人们对整道菜的评价，甚至会影响人们接下来的消费行为。

Well-plated and garnished dishes can alter people's perception of the entire meal and even influence their subsequent consumption behavior.

英国牛津大学心理学系交叉模式感官实验室主任Charles Spence团队研究发现，以一种美学上令人愉悦的方式呈现食物，可以增强人们对菜肴的体验和评价，同时人们也更倾向于消费这类“漂亮饭”。