摘要：这类动词在句子中需要有宾语，当动作的承受者作主语时，要用被动语态。例如：The book is written by a famous author.（这本书是由一位著名作家写的。）The letter was sent yesterday.（信是昨天寄出去的
以下中考英语中一些常用被动语态的动词类型例句和一些不能用被动语态情况详解：
及物动词
- 这类动词在句子中需要有宾语，当动作的承受者作主语时，要用被动语态。例如：The book is written by a famous author.（这本书是由一位著名作家写的。）The letter was sent yesterday.（信是昨天寄出去的。）A new hospital will be built in our city next year.（我们城市明年将建一所新医院。）The homework has been finished by the students.（作业已经被学生们完成了。）The window was broken by the boy.（窗户是被那个男孩打破的。）The movie is watched by many people every year.（这部电影每年被很多人观看。）The cake was eaten up quickly.（蛋糕很快被吃光了。）The clothes are washed by my mother every week.（衣服每周被我妈妈洗。）The car was bought last month.（汽车是上个月买的。）The meeting will be held in the big hall.（会议将在大厅里举行。）The project has been completed on time.（项目已经按时完成了。）The song is sung by a famous singer.（这首歌是由一位著名歌手演唱的。）The room is cleaned every day.（房间每天都被打扫。）The picture was drawn by a little girl.（这幅画是由一个小女孩画的。）The work will be done by him tomorrow.（工作明天将由他完成。）The book has been translated into many languages.（这本书已经被翻译成多种语言。）The dish is cooked well.（这道菜做得很好。）The house was painted white last year.（房子去年被漆成了白色。）The bike was repaired by the mechanic.（自行车被机械师修好了。）The plan will be carried out next month.（计划下个月将被执行。）
一些特殊的动词短语
- 某些不及物动词与介词或副词构成不可分割的短语时，如有宾语，可用被动语态。例如：The old man is taken care of by his children.（这位老人被他的孩子们照顾。）The problem was looked into carefully.（这个问题被仔细调查了。）The book has been referred to many times.（这本书被多次提及。）The patient is being operated on.（病人正在被做手术。）The matter will be dealt with soon.（这件事将很快被处理。）The speech was listened to attentively.（演讲被认真地聆听。）The details should be paid attention to.（细节应该被注意。）The TV set has been turned on.（电视机已经被打开了。）The lights were turned off before we left.（我们离开前灯被关掉了。）The radio is being listened to by him.（他正在听收音机。）The documents have been taken away.（文件已经被拿走了。）The children are being looked after by their grandmother.（孩子们正由他们的祖母照顾。）The plan is being talked about.（这个计划正在被谈论。）The door was locked up last night.（门昨晚被锁上了。）The clothes are being hung out to dry.（衣服正被挂出去晾干。）The car was pulled over by the police.（汽车被警察拦下了。）The box has been carried out of the room.（盒子已经被搬出房间了。）The music is being played loudly.（音乐正被大声播放。）The letter has been posted.（信已经被寄出去了。）The window was shut tightly.（窗户被紧紧关上了。）
以下几类动词通常不能用于被动语态：
不及物动词
- 这类动词本身没有宾语，无法构成被动语态。如：The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起。）中的“rises”，My grandpa died last year.（我爷爷去年去世了。）中的“died”。
- 系动词用于连接主语和表语，说明主语的状态或特征，不表示动作，不能用于被动语态。像：The flowers look beautiful.（这些花看起来很漂亮。）中的“look”，The food tastes delicious.（这食物尝起来很美味。）中的“tastes”。
表示“拥有”“容纳”等意义的动词
- 如“have”“own”“possess”“contain”“hold”等。例如：I have a book.（我有一本书。）不能说“A book is had by me.”；The box contains many toys.（盒子里装着许多玩具。）不能说“Many toys are contained by the box.”。
一些表示状态或心理活动的动词
- 常见的有“fit”（适合）、“suit”（适合）、“lack”（缺乏）、“want”（想要）、“wish”（希望）、“know”（知道）、“understand”（理解）等。例如：This dress suits you well.（这件连衣裙很适合你。）不能说“You are suited by this dress.”；I know the answer.（我知道答案。）不能说“The answer is known by me.”。
来源：蒙古元素