Perpetual motion machine

摘要：(1. Hulunbuir 021000; 2. Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000; 2. Haikou 570100; 4. Tianjin Normal Universit

Design and Motion Analysis of a Magnetically Driven Autonomous Reciprocating Machine

Guo Shuanglin¹, Guo Rui¹²³, Guo Zihui¹⁴⁵, Guo Ziwei¹⁶⁷

(1. Hulunbuir 021000; 2. Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150000; 2. Haikou 570100; 4. Tianjin Normal University 301500; 3. No.28 Middle School of Yingkou Bayuquan District 6. Yingkou 115007; 4,6. Inner Mongolia Vocational and Technical College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Hohhot 010090; 7, Hulunbuir Academy, Hulunbuir 021000)

Abstract:This paper presents and develops an autonomous, fully automatic reciprocating mechanical device powered by magnets. Utilizing the advantages of magnetic attraction, it overcomes the short range and challenging usability of magnetism that weakens over distance. By adding a repelling force between the main magnet and the attractor, the device leverages progressive weakening repulsive force stages (which enable full disengagement upon final stage impact), paired with multiple attractors and a mechanism to initiate the detachment of the main magnet and one or more attractors. This setup produces mechanical motion through successive attraction stages, and through final-stage impact, mechanical force triggers the disengagement of the last attractor. A weak return force restores all components to their initial positions, initiating the cycle again, thus achieving infinite autonomous reciprocating motion. The device is the simplest, most practical, energy-efficient, and pollution-free mechanical system to date.

0. Introduction

With the rapid development of human society, energy-consuming machinery has greatly taxed the planet due to pollution and the non-renewable nature of energy sources, severely limiting human progress. Magnetic autonomous reciprocating mechanisms stand out due to their simplicity, energy-free operation, and ease of construction, suitable for both large and small applications. They have potential uses across agriculture, technology, medicine, and everyday life, with particular promise in deep-sea exploration, outer space, extraterrestrial exploration, and human settlement in harsh environments.

1. Design of the Autonomous Fully Automatic Reciprocating Mechanical Device

Magnets and attractors will attract each other within the range of the magnetic field. A magnet (the main magnet) moves towards the attractor, with the attraction force increasing as they approach, particularly strong in neodymium magnets. However, the downside of short magnetic range and the gradual increase in attraction strength has historically limited the wider mechanical use of magnets. Despite these limitations, the powerful magnetic force of neodymium magnets offers untapped potential as an alternative energy source. This device fully overcomes the limitations of the main magnet, providing autonomous, fully automatic reciprocating motion.Unlike conventional machines, this device:

1. Uses magnetic attraction between the main magnet (a strong neodymium magnet) and attractors to generate mechanical motion.

2. Features a core magnet system with progressively weaker repulsive force components installed between the main magnet and the first attractor. There are three types of repulsive force components (gradual progression, staged, or constant), as shown in Figure 2.

3. The repulsive force component is the key part of the core magnet system, enabling the mechanical separation required for continuous reciprocating motion.

4. Includes a mechanism to attract, release, and separate the main magnet and attractors.

5. Uses the same main magnet for both attraction and release during mechanical motion.

These elements are interdependent and integrated into a single device. The system uses a combination of final-stage impact and leverage to release the attractor. The structure is shown in Figure 3:

6. Before activation, the main magnet is outside the range of attraction to the first attractor, while other attractors are arranged within the attraction range of their respective stages.

7. As shown in Figure 3, the main magnet completes its initial attraction, after which other attractors perform successive attraction movements.

8. A release mechanism installed on relevant parts disengages the main magnet and attractors at the final stage of motion.

2. Principle of the Autonomous Fully Automatic Reciprocating Mechanical Device:

1. As illustrated in Figure 2, this device scientifically utilizes the properties of magnets by installing progressively weaker repulsive force components between the main magnet and the attractor. The drive point moves the main magnet and attractor together into a single new core magnet (with repulsive components). This process can be repeated with additional attractors for multi-stage mechanical motion. At the final stage, the last attractor engages with an impact mechanism, triggering the release of the first-stage magnet through the combined force of repulsion and impact. The main magnet and attractors are thus fully separated.

2. The main magnet is shown in Figure 1.

3. Repulsive force components are shown in Figure 2:

(1) Gradual progression of strong-weak repulsive force;

(2) Staged strong-weak repulsive force;

(3) Constant repulsive force.

4. L represents the force of the main magnet;

L1 is the repulsive force between the main magnet and the first attractor;

L2 is the impact force of the last attractor. The physical formula is as follows:

(1) L > L1

(2) L ≥ L2

(3) L

The two forces combined are greater than the attraction force of the main magnet, enabling continuous operation of the mechanical device.

Once the initial attraction and release are completed, as shown in Figure 1, the components reset to their original positions under the action of the return mechanism. The main magnet and attractors return to their original locations, ready for the next cycle of autonomous attraction and release, enabling continuous reciprocating motion.

3. Impact Separation Release Mechanism

As shown in Figures 1 and 3, the simplest and most practical method for release is either a direct impact or lever-driven mechanism.

1. The mechanical force generated by the final-stage attractor impacts the core magnet (with repulsive components), disengaging the magnet since L

2. For greater release force, leverage can be employed to enhance efficiency.

3. The unique magnetic properties, where the force is stronger at the ends and weaker in the middle, can weaken the attraction force of the core magnet, naturally leading to separation.

4. Operating Modes of the Autonomous Reciprocating Machine:

The machine operates in two basic motion modes:

First mode (as shown in Figures 4 and 1): The main magnet moves toward each attractor.

The specific motion process is as follows:

Manually move the main magnet to the starting point. At this point, the main magnet and the attractor are within the range of the main magnet's magnetic force, causing the main magnet to move toward the first-stage attractor. After attraction, a new core magnet is formed. Once this new core magnet is established, it is within the range of the second-stage attractor. The new core magnet continues to move toward the second-stage attractor, forming another magnet, and then continues moving toward the final-stage fixed attractor, forming the final-stage attractor.

At this stage, the final magnet is within the range of the impact attractor's magnetic force. The impact attractor moves toward the final-stage attractor until they attract each other. The mechanical force generated at this point causes the release-separation assembly installed on the impact attractor to collide with or leverage against the release-separation assembly on the core magnet. Due to the combined repulsive force from the repelling component, the impact, or the leverage, which is greater than the repelling force alone, the attraction between the main magnet and the first-stage attractor is disengaged. This causes the first-stage attractor to be released from the core magnet. Similarly, the other attractors lose their attraction and disengage. Under the action of the reset mechanism, all components return to their original positions.

During the reset process, the main magnet returns to the starting point, and the other attractors also return to their original positions. At this point, the main magnet and the first-stage attractor are once again within the effective range of the main magnet's magnetic force. The main magnet autonomously and automatically initiates another cycle of attraction and separation mechanical motion. This continuous reciprocating motion, with the main magnet as the primary driver, defines the operation of the autonomous fully automatic reciprocating machine.

Second Mode: As shown in Figures 4 and 5, after the main magnet is attracted to the first-stage attractor, it stops, and each subsequent attractor moves toward the main magnet.

Activate the starting mechanism, which pushes or pulls the main magnet to the starting point. The main magnet enters the range of the fixed attractor's magnetic force, generating an attraction and mechanical movement, forming a new core magnet. This new core magnet remains stationary. At this point, the first attractor within the range of the magnetic force engages other attractors and the impact attractor, moving toward the new core magnet in sequence. After the final stage of attraction, the new core magnet disengages, and the core magnet moves to the starting point, outside the range of magnetic attraction between the main magnet and the first-stage attractor. Under the action of the light force return mechanism, the other attractors and components return to their original positions.

After the mechanical motion of attraction and separation is completed, the main magnet moves out of the range of attraction and into the return pull of the starting mechanism. The starting mechanism autonomously reactivates, beginning the next cycle of attraction, separation, and reset mechanical motion. This continuous, autonomous reciprocating machine operates with the main magnet acting as a secondary driver, while the attractors perform the primary motion in each cycle.

4. Scalability:

The machine has the following advantages:

1. Miniaturization, potentially powering robots in blood vessels;

2. Large-scale applications, providing power for ships;

3. Can form artificial muscles for biomimetic submarines or birds;

4. Can be made waterproof and dustproof;

5. The power source can be adapted to meet various functional needs.

5. Adaptability:

Due to the slow attenuation of magnetic force, strong magnets like neodymium magnets provide long-term power, lasting for months or even years. This adaptability allows for application in extreme environments:

1. It can provide power in deep-sea exploration without requiring frequent resupply.

2. It can offer short-term power in extreme climates.

3. It can provide reliable power in highly acidic or alkaline environments.

4. Particularly in the aerospace field, this device offers unexpected advantages. It provides a reliable power source for human landing and exploration on the far side of the moon and colonization of Mars. Furthermore, it lays the groundwork for humanity's future expansion across the universe, supporting the establishment of countless massive, permanent space habitats—gigantic celestial castles where humans can live, thrive, and propagate. This device could serve as an essential, irreplaceable short-term energy source for such endeavors in space.

6. Conclusion:

1.The automatic magnetic reciprocating machine, while currently limited by certain magnetic deficiencies, cannot fully replace energy-consuming machinery powered by non-renewable resources. However, in specific fields, particularly in future space applications, it holds unparalleled advantages that energy-consuming machinery cannot replicate. It serves as the most fundamental machinery for humanity's exploration of the universe.

2.The magnetically driven autonomous fully automatic reciprocating machine is composed of very few parts, with a simple and crude structure, low technical complexity, and a low failure rate. It is extremely easy to produce, install, and operate with virtually no environmental constraints. Once the product is formed, it requires no further energy consumption and is pollution-free, making it an ideal, eco-friendly solution. It has broad application potential, suited to various industries.

We firmly believe that in the near future, with the dedicated scientific research and development efforts of numerous skilled professionals, more efficient and widely applicable types of magnetically driven autonomous fully automatic reciprocating machines will be developed. These machines will better serve society and benefit humanity. The wisdom of mankind is boundless, and one day, this development will transcend the rise and fall of civilizations, ensuring eternal survival and proliferation across the universe!

Attached Figures: Total of 5 pages.

References

Two 3D animations illustrating the two mechanical motion modes of the autonomous fully automatic reciprocating machine.