摘要：奥地利心理学家阿德勒认为，梦是在潜意识中进行的自我调整和激励，以及对未来目标的设定。美国心理学家弗洛姆认为，梦的功能是探讨做梦者的人际关系，并帮其找到解决这些问题的答案。实验心理学研究发现，梦的发生与人在睡眠状态下快速动眼和非快速动眼的周期性相关。

宋圭武 :梦的新解析

奥地利心理学家阿德勒认为，梦是在潜意识中进行的自我调整和激励，以及对未来目标的设定。美国心理学家弗洛姆认为，梦的功能是探讨做梦者的人际关系，并帮其找到解决这些问题的答案。实验心理学研究发现，梦的发生与人在睡眠状态下快速动眼和非快速动眼的周期性相关。

弗洛伊德认为，梦不是偶然形成的联想，梦是通往潜意识的桥梁。弗洛伊德指出，任何梦都可分为显相和隐相。显相，是梦的表面规象，是指那些人们能记忆并描述出来的内容，即类似于假面具；隐相，是指梦的本质内容，即真实意思，类似于假面具所掩盖的真实欲望。

个人认为，古人常说，日有所思，夜有所梦，应是正确的。梦中的东西，其实是你所担心的东西的另一种释放。梦可能是一个人对当下可能遇到的最大危险的一种大脑间接反射。人在困境中，脑子会对困境有一种本能的反应，这种反应会沉淀在脑子的神经网络中，当人在睡眠时，这种沉淀的本能联络会本能性释放，借以达到大脑休息的目的。但大脑的释放是以隐喻或伪装的形式来进行，这是为了防止被别人识破。比如，梦见一个人在很高的桥上，没有人帮助你，随时都有掉下去的危险，说明你很有成就，有高处不胜寒的感觉。但你的梦对这种你遇到的事业上的担忧，通过你一个人站在危险的高处来表现，这是一种隐喻或伪装的形式。再比如，梦见你的好东西被人偷，说明周围的人可能羡慕嫉妒你，你可能正处于被嫉妒所包围的环境。但梦直接表现为嫉妒，就会被周围的人识破。通过表现为东西被周围人所觊觎，这是以一种隐喻或伪装的形式表现了这种担忧。再比如，你若最近想换地方或想调工作，可能会梦见搬家，或到一个新地方安家。若对新地方有担心，可能梦见的新地方比较寒冷或破败等。另外，梦也可能是对你存在的一些身体内部的危险或睡觉时所面临的一些潜在的危险的一种间接提示。这可能是梦的另一种功能。

总之，个人认为，梦的存在肯定也是人类进化的一种选择，有其存在的合理性。其一般的功能应是：一是梦通过隐喻或伪装的形式来释放你大脑中的焦虑意识，进而实现让大脑神经放松休息的目的；二是为你提供面临危险的间接暗示。

Song Guiwu : A New Interpretation of Dreams

Austrian psychologist Adler believed that dreams are self-adjustment and motivation in the subconscious, as well as the setting of future goals.American psychologist Fromm believed that the function of dreams is to explore the dreamer's interpersonal relationships and help him find answers to these problems.Experimental psychological research has found that the occurrence of dreams is related to the periodicity of rapid eye movement and non-rapid eye movement in sleep. Freud believed that dreams are not accidental associations, but a bridge to the subconscious.Freud pointed out that any dream can be divided into explicit and implicit phases.Explicit phase, the surface regulation of dreams, refers to those people can remember and describe the content, similar to the mask;implicit phase, refers to the essential content of dreams, namely the true meaning, similar to the mask covering the true desires.Personally, I think the ancients often say, what you think in the day, you dream at night, should be correct.Dreams are actually another release of what you are worried about.Dreams may be a kind of indirect brain reflex of the biggest danger a person may encounter at the moment. In the dilemma, the brain will have an instinctive reaction to the dilemma, which will be precipitated in the brain's neural network. When people sleep, this precipitation of instinctive contact will be instinctively released to achieve the purpose of brain rest. But the release of the brain is carried out in the form of metaphor or disguise, which is to prevent being seen through by others. For example, dreaming that a person is on a high bridge, no one helps you, and there is a danger of falling down at any time, which shows that you are very successful and have a feeling of being at the top of the mountain. But your dream is a metaphor or disguise for the career worries you encounter, through your standing on the high place of danger. For another example, dreaming that your good things are stolen by someone, which shows that people around you may be jealous of you, and you may be in an environment surrounded by jealousy. But the dream directly expresses jealousy, which will be seen through by people around you. By showing that your things are coveted by people around you, this is a metaphor or disguise for the expression of this worry. For another example, if you want to change places or change jobs recently, you may dream of moving or moving to a new place. If you are worried about the new place, you may dream of a cold or shabby new place. In addition, dreams may also be an indirect reminder of some internal dangers you exist in your body or some potential dangers you face while sleeping.This may be another function of dreams. In a word, I personally believe that the existence of dreams must also be a choice of human evolution, and there is a rationality for its existence.The general functions should be: first, dreams release the anxiety consciousness in your brain through metaphor or camouflage, and then realize the purpose of relaxing the nerves in your brain;second, dreams provide you with indirect cues of danger.

来源：宋圭武