摘要：This issue of tweets will introduce the 1 introduction (1) of the intensive reading journal paper "A fuzzy group decision-making m
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今天小编为大家带来“精读期刊论文《衡量食品供应链弹性的模糊群体决策模型：西班牙案例研究》的1引言（1）”。
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Today, the editor brings the "the 1 introduction (1) of the journal paper 'A fuzzy group decision-making model to measure resiliency in a food supply chain: A case study in Spain'".
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一、内容摘要（Content summary）
本期推文将从思维导图、精读内容、知识补充三个方面介绍精读期刊论文《衡量食品供应链弹性的模糊群体决策模型：西班牙案例研究》的1引言（1）。
This issue of tweets will introduce the 1 introduction (1) of the intensive reading journal paper "A fuzzy group decision-making model to measure resiliency in a food supply chain: A case study in Spain" from three aspects: mind mapping, intensive reading content, and knowledge supplement.
二、思维导图（Mind Mapping）
三、精读内容（Detailed Reading Content）
该论文引言的前两段主要分析了全球供应链，特别是食品供应链（FSC）在当前社会面临的挑战及应对措施。
The first two paragraphs of the introduction of this paper mainly analyze the challenges faced by the global Supply chain, especially the food supply chain (FSC) in the current society and the countermeasures.
（一）供应链面临的挑战和应对措施（Challenges faced by the supply Chain and Countermeasures）
在全球竞争日益激烈的现代社会，供应链面临的挑战复杂性日益增加。具体的挑战如下所示：（1）系统效率、交货时间、变质率和需求不确定性。这些因素增加了供应链的复杂性，并可能导致供应链在产品交付过程中失效。（2）未知和不可预见的事件。不可抗力时间对供应链造成了显著影响，突显了供应链弹性（SCR）的重要性。（3）多方面风险。经济、环境和社会干扰等风险威胁着供应链的有效运作和功能。
In a modern society with increasingly fierce global competition, the challenges facing the supply chain are increasing in complexity. The specific challenges are as follows: (1) System efficiency, lead time, deterioration rate and demand uncertainty. These factors increase the complexity of the supply chain and can cause the supply chain to fail during product delivery. (2) Unknown and unforeseeable events. The force majeure time has a significant impact on the supply chain, highlighting the importance of supply chain resilience (SCR). (3) Multiple risks. Risks such as economic, environmental and social disruption threaten the effective operation and functioning of supply chains.
根据上述挑战，应对措施如下所示：（1）政府政策。政府采取适当政策提高SCR，以减轻流行性突发事件的不良影响。（2）技术投入。组织采用技术制定更具弹性的供应链政策和战略，投入财政资源发展有弹性的供应链。（3）风险管理。考虑风险因素和产品的自然特性，选择合适的资源来应对中断和风险，并在中断后恢复供应链能力。
According to the above challenges, the countermeasures are as follows: (1) Government policies. Governments adopt appropriate policies to enhance SCR to mitigate the adverse effects of pandemic emergencies. (2) Technical input. The organization uses technology to develop more resilient supply chain policies and strategies, and invests financial resources to develop resilient supply chains. (3) Risk management. Consider the risk factors and natural characteristics of the product, select the right resources to respond to disruptions and risks, and restore supply chain capacity after disruptions.
（二）食品供应链（FSC）的特殊性（The Particularity of Food Supply Chain (FSC)）
FSC作为一个全球性的供应链网络，起着将农产品和食用产品从农民传递给最终消费者的关键作用。这一网络通过不同的中介和流程运作，涵盖了广泛的市场和食品种类。FSC不仅关乎食品的分销，还深受产品自然特性、市场需求、消费者口味以及环境、社会和经济危机的影响。
As a global supply chain network, FSC plays a key role in passing agricultural and food products from farmers to end consumers. This network operates through different intermediaries and processes and covers a wide range of markets and food categories. FSC is not only about the distribution of food products, it is also influenced by the natural characteristics of products, market demands, consumer tastes and environmental, social and economic crises.
FSC面临的挑战如下所示：（1）食品变质。交叉污染、过多的运输、不适当的保存方法和温度控制不当是食品变质的主要原因。这些问题不仅增加了成本，还损害了产品的安全性和质量。（2）供应链脆弱性。由于食品的易腐性，FSC中的任何关键角色的微小负面变化或失败都可能导致严重的后果。这凸显了供应链弹性和风险管理的重要性。（3）政府与政策压力。政府、政策制定者和企业主需要密切关注风险、安全和危机管理，这些都是他们肩负的巨大责任。
The challenges facing FSC are as follows: (1) Food spoilage. Cross-contamination, excessive transportation, improper storage methods and improper temperature control are the main causes of food spoilage. These problems not only increase costs, but also compromise the safety and quality of products. (2) Supply chain vulnerability. Due to the perishability of food, a small negative change or failure in any key role in the FSC can lead to serious consequences. This highlights the importance of supply chain resilience and risk management. (3) Government and policy pressure. Governments, policymakers and business owners need to pay close attention to risk, security and crisis management, which are huge responsibilities on their shoulders.
FSC的弹性、可持续性、竞争力和顾客满意度是其不可或缺的四大特征。弹性确保供应链在面对中断时能迅速恢复，可持续性关注其长期健康发展，竞争力是企业在市场中的立足之本，而顾客满意度则是企业持续发展的基石。特别是在食品行业，供应链的弹性对于商业繁荣至关重要，它为社会经济发展提供支撑，降低风险，并加强生产者与消费者之间的联系。在中断期间，消费者应更加关注产品的各项标准，以确保食品安全可靠。因此，制定具有弹性的FSC战略规划至关重要，这包括识别、评估和应对导致中断的最重要风险因素，以确保企业能够应对不可预见的未来事件，保持供应链的稳定性和可靠性。
FSC's resilience, sustainability, competitiveness and customer satisfaction are its four essential features. Elasticity ensures that the supply chain can recover quickly in the face of disruption, sustainability focuses on its long-term healthy development, competitiveness is the foundation of an enterprise's foothold in the market, and customer satisfaction is the cornerstone of sustainable development. In the food industry in particular, supply chain resilience is critical to business prosperity, underpinning socio-economic development, reducing risk, and strengthening the link between producers and consumers. During the disruption, consumers should pay more attention to the various standards of products to ensure food safety and reliability. Therefore, it is critical to develop a resilient FSC strategic plan, which includes identifying, assessing and addressing the most important risk factors for disruption to ensure that companies are able to cope with unforeseen future events and maintain supply chain stability and reliability.
四、知识补充——产品自然特性（Knowledge Supplement - Product Natural Characteristics）
产品的特性主要包括功能性、可靠性、安全性、易用性、效率、耐用性、可维护性和外观美观性。
The main features of the product include functionality, reliability, safety, ease of use, efficiency, durability, maintainability and aesthetic appearance.
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参考资料：ChatGPT、百度百科
参考文献：
Yazdani Morteza, Torkayesh Ali Ebadi, Chatterjee Prasenjit, et al. A fuzzy group decision-making model to measure resiliency in a food supply chain: A case study in Spain [J]. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 2022, 82(1): 101257-101271.
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来源：LearningYard学苑