摘要:un-:适用于大多数形容词和部分动词,表示“不、非”。例如:
通常通过添加否定前缀来构成反义词,常见的否定前缀有:
1、un-:适用于大多数形容词和部分动词,表示“不、非”。例如:
happy→unhappy(开心的→不开心的)
know→unknow(知道→不知道)
agree→disagree(不同意)
2、dis-:常用于动词前,表示“相反、否定”。例如:
appear→disappear(出现→消失)
cover→discover(覆盖→揭露)
like→dislike(喜欢→不喜欢)
3、in- / im- / il- / ir-:用于形容词或副词前,构成反义词。例如:
efficient→inefficient(高效的→无效率的)
polite→impolite(礼貌的→不礼貌的)
regular→irregular(有规则的→不规则的)
4、non-:表示“非……的”,可用于名词、形容词或动词前。例如:
stop→non-stop(停止→不停的)profit→non-profit(利润→非营利的)
动词通过添加后缀可转化为名词、形容词等其他词性,常见后缀及规则如下:
1、动词变名词:
①-er / -or / -ist:表示从事某种职业或动作的人。例如:
teach→teacher(老师)
act→actor(演员)
typist→typist(打字员)
②-ment:表示动作的结果、状态或过程。例如:
develop→development(发展)
excite→excitement(激动)
③-tion / -sion / -ation:表示抽象动作或行为。例如:
decide→decision(决定)
operate→operation(手术)
④-ing:动名词,可表示动作本身或具体结果。例如:
build→building(修建→建筑物)
meet→meeting(开会→会议)
2、动词变形容词:
①-able / -ible:表示“可…的、能…的”。例如:
adjust→adjustable(调整→可调整的)
②-ive:表示“具有…性质的、有…倾向的”。例如:
act→active(行为→积极的)
create→creative(创造→具有创造力的)
③-ed / -ing:表示动作对人的影响或事物的特征。例如:
amaze→amazed(使吃惊→大为惊奇的)→amazing(令人惊喜的)
1. He is (able) to swim, so he needs a teacher.
2. The boy is (honest), so no one believes him.
3. It's ____ (possible) to fly like a bird.
4. The (appear) of the moon makes the night bright.
5. His (agree) to the plan makes us happy.
6. The (like) between them is very deep.
7. The (continue继续) of the rain makes the ground wet.
8. The (exist存在) of water is important for life.
9. The ________ (fail失败) of the exam makes him study harder.
10. The _______ (refuse拒绝) of his request makes him sad.
11. The ________ (approve批准) of the plan takes a long time.
12. The (deny否认) of his mistake makes the teacher angry.
13. The (survive生存) of the cat in the fire is a miracle(奇迹).
14. The (withdraw撤回) of the money is easy.
15. The (declare声明) of the holiday makes students happy.
16. The (arrive) of the train is on time.
17. The (depart离开) of the plane is at 3 o'clock.
18. The (return返回) of the book is necessary.
19. The (discover发现) of the new star is exciting.
20. The (publish发布) of the book is next month.
21. The (accept) of the gift makes her happy.
22. The (avoid避免) of the accident is lucky.
23. The (begin) of the party is at 7 o'clock.
24. The (end) of the movie is very moving.
25. The (forget) of his birthday makes his mother sad.
1. unable 2. dishonest 3. impossible
4. appearance 5. agreement 6. dislike
7. continuation 8. existence 9. failure
10. refusal 11. approval 12. denial
13. survival 14. withdrawal
15. declaration 16. arrival
17. departure 18. return 19. discovery
20. publication 21. acceptance
22. avoidance 23. beginning
24. ending 25. forgetfulness
来源:一枝寒梅初中英语数学