摘要：在咱这悠悠华夏大地上，中医宛如一位历经沧桑却睿智无比的老者，怀揣着无数治病救人的秘方，也藏着对世间万物深刻的洞察。“是药三分毒”，这句在民间广为流传的俗语，就像一颗掷入湖面的石子，在中医的浩瀚海洋里激起了层层智慧的涟漪。
在咱这悠悠华夏大地上，中医宛如一位历经沧桑却睿智无比的老者，怀揣着无数治病救人的秘方，也藏着对世间万物深刻的洞察。“是药三分毒”，这句在民间广为流传的俗语，就像一颗掷入湖面的石子，在中医的浩瀚海洋里激起了层层智慧的涟漪。
中医自古便有着对药物偏性的独特认知，这认知就像一把精准的手术刀，剖析着药物与人体之间微妙的关系。药物之所以能治病，全赖于其“偏性”。人体就像一个精妙的小宇宙，气血阴阳需达到一种微妙的平衡，一旦失衡，疾病便趁虚而入。而药物的偏性，恰似一位技艺高超的调酒师，能根据人体失衡的状况，调配出恰到好处的“鸡尾酒”，纠正人体的偏差，让身体重新回归和谐。
然而，这偏性就像一把双刃剑，使用得当，便是治病救人的良药；使用不当，就会摇身一变成为伤人的“毒性”。古代医籍《类经》中那句“药以治病，因毒为能，所谓毒者，以气味之有偏也”，就像一记警钟，在历史的长河中久久回荡。它告诉我们，药物的“毒性”并非是那种让人闻风丧胆的剧毒，而是因其气味、性质的偏颇，在不当使用时对人体造成的伤害。
打个比方，药物就像一个性格鲜明的人，有它的优点，也有它的缺点。比如附子，这味药就像一位勇猛无畏的战士，大辛大热，能回阳救逆、补火助阳。对于那些阳气虚衰、命悬一线的患者来说，附子就是救命的神药。可要是使用不当，就像让一个莽撞的战士横冲直撞，它的热性会灼伤人体的阴液，导致口干舌燥、心烦失眠等症状，甚至危及生命。据相关统计，在因中药使用不当导致的不良反应案例中，附子等性味峻猛的药物占比相对较高。这就提醒我们，对待药物，不能只看到它的“勇猛”，更要看到它的“脾气”。
再把目光拉回到古代，《神农本草经》就像一部中药的“百科全书”，它将药分为上中下三品。其中上品有120种药，被描述为“久服轻身延年，没有毒性”。这上品之药，或许就像一群温文尔雅的君子，偏性不太明显，能缓缓地滋养人体，就像春雨润物细无声。比如人参，这位中药里的“贵族”，大补元气、复脉固脱，对于体质虚弱、元气不足的人来说，是难得的滋补佳品。适量服用人参，能让人精神焕发、体力充沛。但如果过量服用，或至虚之人单味服用就像给一个已经吃饱的人强行塞饭，反而会导致气机壅滞，出现胸闷、腹胀等不适，或虚不受补的症状。
在现实生活中，这样的例子屡见不鲜。有一位大爷，听闻某味中药有补肾壮阳的功效，便自行购买，大量服用。结果没过多久，就出现了口干、鼻出血、烦躁不安等症状。去医院一检查，原来是药物使用过量，导致体内阴阳失衡，热毒内生。这就好比一个人想要快速致富，却不顾自身能力盲目投资，最终血本无归，还惹了一身麻烦。
“是药三分毒”，这句简单却又深刻的话语，蕴含着中医对药物使用的谨慎态度和对人体健康的尊重。它提醒我们，不能把药物当成万能的灵丹妙药，随意滥用。在面对疾病时，我们应该遵循中医的理论，在专业医师的指导下，合理用药。就像驾驶一辆汽车，只有掌握了正确的驾驶方法，遵守交通规则，才能安全到达目的地。
同时，这句话也让我们反思现代社会的用药观念。在快节奏的生活中，人们往往希望药物能像魔法一样，迅速治愈疾病。于是，各种药物被大量使用，甚至出现了滥用抗生素、过度依赖药物等现象。这不仅导致药物耐药性的增加，还对人体造成了不必要的伤害。我们应该从中医的智慧中汲取教训，树立正确的用药观念，尊重人体的自我修复能力，让药物成为我们健康的助手，而不是主宰。
“是药三分毒”，它是中医古老智慧的结晶，是警世的长鸣钟。让我们在这句话的指引下，以敬畏之心对待药物，以科学之态使用药物，在追求健康的道路上，走出一条理性、和谐的康庄大道。
作者简介：梁世杰 中医高年资主治医师，本科学历，从事中医临床工作24年，积累了较丰富的临床经验。师从首都医科大学附属北京中医院肝病科主任医师、著名老中医陈勇，侍诊多载，深得器重，尽得真传！擅用“商汤经方分类疗法”、专病专方结合“焦树德学术思想”“关幼波十纲辨证”学术思想治疗疑难杂症为特色。现任北京树德堂中医研究院研究员，北京中医药薪火传承新3+3工程—焦树德门人（陈勇）传承工作站研究员，国际易联易学与养生专委会常务理事，中国中医药研究促进会焦树德学术传承专业委员会委员，中国药文化研究会中医药慢病防治分会首批癌症领域入库专家。荣获2020年中国中医药研究促进会仲景医学分会举办的第八届医圣仲景南阳论坛“经方名医”荣誉称号。2023年首届京津冀“扁鹊杯”燕赵医学研究主题征文优秀奖获得者。事迹入选《当代科学家》杂志、《中华英才》杂志。
Liang Shijie: Is the drug three times poisonous? It's a third of the ear!
In this rich Chinese land, Chinese medicine is like an old man who has lived through time but is incredibly wise. He holds numerous secret recipes for healing people and holds deep insights into everything in the world. The proverb, which is widely shared in the Chinese people, is like a rock thrown into the lake, which has stirred waves of wisdom in the vast ocean of traditional Chinese medicine.
Since ancient times, traditional Chinese medicine has had a unique understanding of drug bias, which is like a precise surgical knife that dissects the delicate relationship between drugs and the human body. The reason why drugs can cure diseases depends on their "bias." The human body is like a delicate little universe. Qi, blood, yin and yang need to reach a deeply balanced balance. Once the balance is out, diseases can take advantage of the weakness. The bias of drugs is like a skilled bartender who can adjust the right "cocktail" according to the body's imbalance, correct the human bias, and return the body to harmony.
However, this bias is like a double-edged sword, and when used properly, it is a good medicine to cure diseases and save people. When used improperly, it can turn into a harmful "toxic substance." The phrase in the ancient medical text of The Book of Materia Medica, "Medicines cure diseases because of poison, and the so-called poisoners are partial because of the smell," is like a wake-up call that has resonated for a long time throughout history. It tells us that the "toxicity" of a drug is not the deadly high levels of toxicity, but the harm it causes to the human body when improperly used because of its smell and biased nature.
As an analogy, a drug is like a person with a distinctive personality, with its advantages as well as its disadvantages. For example, ephedra, this medicine is like a fierce and fearless warrior, which has a great deal of fever and can relieve the evil spirit and rejuvenate the fire. For those patients who have weakened spirits and a life threatening condition, appendix is a life-saving medicine. However, if it is used improperly, much like allowing a reckless warrior to rampage through the battlefield, its heat can scorch the body's Yin fluids, leading to symptoms such as dry mouth, parched throat, restlessness, insomnia, and even life-threatening conditions. According to relevant statistics, in the cases of adverse reactions caused by the improper use of Chinese medicine, drugs with strong tastes such as ephedra account for a relatively high proportion. This reminds us that in the case of drugs, we must not only see its "boldness," but also its "tire."
Look back to the ancient times, "Shennong Bencao Jing" like a Chinese medicine "encyclopedia," it will be divided into three drugs. Among the top 120 drugs were described as "long-term, mild and long-lasting, without toxicity." This noble remedy, perhaps like a group of gentlemen with less obvious biases, can nourish the human body slowly, like a spring rain that is soft and silent. For example, ginseng, the "noble" in Chinese medicine, greatly replenishes the vitality and rejuvenates the pulse, and is a rare remedy for people with weak and inadequate vitality. Taking ginseng in moderation can make people feel refreshed and physically strong. However, if they are overtaken, or if they simply take it like forcing a person who is already full, it will cause air conditioning to stagnate, cause discomfort such as chest tightness and bloating, or the symptoms of lack of hydration.
In real life, such examples are common. There was an old man who heard that a certain Chinese medicine had the effect of enhancing the kidneys and enhancing his youth, so he bought it himself and took it in large quantities. As a result, within a few days, symptoms such as dry mouth, bleeding nose and irritability were reported. When I went to the hospital for an examination, it turned out that there was an overdose of drugs, which caused an imbalance between yin and yang in the body and heat poisoning. It is like a person who wants to get rich quickly, but blindly invests without regard to his ability, and ends up losing all his money and getting into trouble.
The simple but profound statement that "three poisons are poisons" implies the cautious attitude of traditional Chinese medicine toward the use of drugs and respect for human health. It reminds us that drugs should not be misused as a panacea. In the face of illness, we should follow the theories of traditional Chinese medicine, under the guidance of professional doctors, rational use of drugs. Just like driving a car, only by mastering the correct driving methods and obeying the traffic rules can you reach your destination safely.
At the same time, this sentence also makes us reflect on modern society's concept of medicine. In a fast-paced life, people often hope that drugs can cure diseases as quickly as magic. As a result, various drugs have been used in large quantities, and there have even been cases of antibiotic abuse and overdependence on drugs. This not only leads to an increase in drug resistance, but also causes unnecessary harm to the human body. We should draw lessons from the wisdom of traditional Chinese medicine, establish a correct concept of medication, respect the body's ability to repair itself, and let medication become an assistant to our health, not a master.
"It is three times more poisonous than medicine," which is the crystallization of the ancient wisdom of Chinese medicine and a long ringing bell to warn the world. Guided by these words, let us treat drugs with awe, use them scientifically, and find a rational and harmonious path to health.
Author Bio: Liang Shijie is a senior medical practitioner in traditional Chinese medicine with an undergraduate degree. He has been engaged in traditional medicine clinical work for 24 years and has accumulated a wealth of clinical experience. Following Chen Yong, chief physician of liver disease at Beijing Traditional Medicine Hospital, affiliated with Capital Medical University, and renowned old Chinese medicine, he has been treated for many years and received great attention. He specializes in the treatment of difficult diseases using "conversational traditional therapy" and special treatments combined with the academic ideas of Jiao Shude and Guan Yubo's ten-level diagnosis.He is currently a researcher at the Shude Tang TCM Research Institute in Beijing, a fellow at the new 3 + 3 project of traditional Chinese medicine flame inheritance in Beijing - a scholar at the inheritance workstation of Jiao Shude's protégés (Chen Yong),He is a standing committee member of the International Expert Committee on E-learning and Health Care, a member of the Jiao Shude Academic Heritage Special Committee of the Chinese Association for the Advancement of Chinese Medicine Research, and the first cancer specialist to be included in the chapter of the Chinese Pharmaceutical Culture Research Association. Won the 2020 China Association for the Promotion of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhongjing Medical Branch held the eighth session of the Medical Saint Zhongjing Nanyang Forum "Classic Prescription Famous Doctor" honorary title. The winner of the first Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei "Pingui Cup" Yanzhao Medical Research Essay Award in 2023. His work was featured in the journal Current Scientist and the journal Chinese Talent.
来源：老梁谈养生
