摘要：In this issue, the editor will introduce the abstract of the journal article “Optimal vehicle fleet planning and collaboration und
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“慧学（44）：精读期刊论文‘Optimal vehicle fleet planning and collaboration under carbon neutrality: A game-theoretic perspective’摘要”
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“Hui Xue (44): Intensive reading of the journal article ‘Optimal vehicle fleet planning and collaboration under carbon neutrality: A game-theoretic perspective’abstract ”
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本期推文小编将从思维导图、精读内容、知识补充三个方面为大家介绍期刊论文《Optimal vehicle fleet planning and collaboration under carbon neutrality: A game-theoretic perspective》的摘要。
In this issue, the editor will introduce the abstract of the journal article “Optimal vehicle fleet planning and collaboration under carbon neutrality: A game-theoretic perspective” from three aspects: mind mapping, intensive reading content, and knowledge supplement.
一、思维导图（Mind mapping）
二、精读内容（Intensive reading content）
1、研究背景（Background）
在碳中和的大背景下，文章探讨了两类运输服务提供商与碳减排机构之间的最优车队配置与合作机制。一方企业采用商用电动车（CEVs），另一方则运营燃油车（FVs）。研究的动机源于全球对实现碳中和目标的广泛关注。为了减少碳排放，燃油车运营商需向碳减排机构缴纳固定费用或部分销售收入，以换取碳减排技术的支持。
Against the backdrop of carbon neutrality, this article explores the optimal fleet configuration and cooperation mechanisms between two types of transportation service providers and carbon reduction organizations. One type employs commercial electric vehicles (CEVs), while the other operates fuel-powered vehicles (FVs). This research is motivated by the widespread global interest in achieving carbon neutrality. To reduce carbon emissions, fuel-powered vehicle operators pay a fixed fee or a portion of their sales revenue to the carbon reduction organizations in exchange for supporting carbon reduction technologies.
2、研究设计（Study design）
文章构建了一个博弈论模型，用于刻画两家运输服务商与碳减排机构之间的互动关系。在该模型下，燃油车运营商可选择三种减排策略：（S1）不采取减排措施；（S2）购买碳减排技术；（S3）委托碳减排机构实施减排。由此形成三类博弈情境。研究进一步推导了在不同情境下各参与方的最优车队规模、定价及利润，并将模型扩展至混合车队企业（同时运营电动车与燃油车），以考察消费者绿色偏好以及电动车单位成本对企业决策的影响。
This article constructs a game theory model to characterize the interactive relationship between two transportation service providers and a carbon reduction agency. Within this model, fuel vehicle operators can choose from three emission reduction strategies: (S1) no emission reduction measures; (S2) purchasing carbon reduction technology; and (S3) entrusting a carbon reduction agency to implement emission reductions. This results in three game scenarios. The study further derives the optimal fleet size, pricing, and profits for each participant under different scenarios. The model is extended to companies operating mixed fleets (operating both electric and fuel vehicles) to examine the impact of consumer green preferences and the unit cost of electric vehicles on corporate decision-making.
3、研究发现（Research findings）
研究结果显示，碳减排措施能够提升燃油车运营商的市场竞争力，但不存在在所有情境下都占优的单一策略。最佳的合作模式受到多重因素的共同影响，包括技术固定费用、收益分成比例、政府惩罚力度、运输服务市场规模、消费者绿色偏好以及电动车成本。当市场容量足够大时，碳减排机构更适合选择策略 S3（委托合作）与燃油车企业开展协作。本研究为运输服务商与碳减排机构在绿色商业中的“是否合作、何时合作、以及以何种方式合作”提供了系统性参考。
Research results show that carbon reduction measures can enhance the market competitiveness of fuel vehicle operators, but no single strategy is superior in all scenarios. The optimal collaboration model is influenced by multiple factors, including fixed technology costs, revenue sharing ratios, government penalties, transportation service market size, consumer green preferences, and electric vehicle costs. When market capacity is large enough, carbon reduction organizations are more suitable to choose Strategy S3 (delegated collaboration) and collaborate with fuel vehicle companies. This research provides a systematic reference for transportation service providers and carbon reduction organizations on the question of "whether, when, and how to collaborate" in green business.
三、知识补充（Knowledge Supplementation）
1、商用电动车的碳减排优势（The carbon emission reduction advantages of commercial electric vehicles）
商用电动车在环境保护方面展现出显著优势，从使用环节的零排放到行驶百公里可减少约9.78千克碳排放，尤其是纯电车型在减碳效果上远胜燃油车；若从全生命周期来看，虽然其在制造阶段的排放偏高，主要源于电池生产能耗较大，但综合使用与报废回收环节后，总体碳排放仍然低于传统燃油车。随着清洁能源发电比重的不断提升，例如中国非化石能源消费比例逐步增加，未来商用电动车的排放水平还将持续下降，同时对退役电池进行科学回收也有助于进一步降低碳排放。氢能被视为终极清洁能源，虽然具备高热值和无污染的特点，但在技术成熟度和经济可行性方面仍需突破。总体来看，无论从生命周期还是排放视角，商用电动车都比燃油车更具环保优势，并将在能源结构优化和回收体系完善的推动下进一步放大其低碳效应。
Commercial electric vehicles demonstrate significant environmental advantages, ranging from zero emissions during use to approximately 9.78 kg of carbon emissions per 100 km. Pure electric vehicles, in particular, significantly outperform fuel-powered vehicles in carbon reduction. From a full lifecycle perspective, while emissions are higher during the manufacturing phase, primarily due to the high energy consumption of battery production, overall carbon emissions remain lower than those of traditional fuel-powered vehicles after factoring in the operational and end-of-life recycling phases. With the increasing proportion of clean energy generation, such as China's increasing non-fossil energy consumption, emissions from commercial electric vehicles will continue to decline in the future. Scientific recycling of retired batteries will also help further reduce carbon emissions. Hydrogen, considered the ultimate clean energy source, boasts high calorific value and is pollution-free, but breakthroughs are still needed in terms of technological maturity and economic feasibility. Overall, commercial electric vehicles offer environmental advantages over fuel-powered vehicles, both from a lifecycle and emissions perspective. Their low-carbon impact will be further amplified with the optimization of the energy mix and the improvement of recycling systems.
2、消费者的绿色偏好（Consumers' green preferences）
消费者的绿色偏好是指在购买决策中倾向于选择对环境友好、符合可持续发展理念的产品或服务，这种偏好通常表现为节约资源、环保选购和垃圾分类等行为。其核心要素包括环保属性认知，即关注产品全生命周期对环境的影响，包括原材料获取、生产过程、使用阶段及废弃处理等环节；综合价值评估，不仅考虑产品本身的环保特性，还包括品牌价值观、企业社会责任以及生命周期内的绿色表现；以及行为倾向，具体表现为选择绿色产品（如新能源车、节能家电）、参与二手交易或实施垃圾分类等实际行动。
Consumers' green preference refers to their tendency to choose environmentally friendly and sustainable products or services when making purchasing decisions. This preference is often manifested in behaviors such as resource conservation, environmentally friendly purchasing, and waste sorting. Its core elements include environmental awareness, which focuses on the environmental impact of a product throughout its entire life cycle, including raw material sourcing, production, use, and disposal; comprehensive value assessment, which considers not only the environmental characteristics of the product itself, but also its brand values, corporate social responsibility, and green performance throughout its life cycle; and behavioral tendencies, which manifest in practical actions such as choosing green products (such as new energy vehicles and energy-saving appliances), participating in second-hand transactions, and implementing waste sorting.
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翻译：文心一言
参考资料：百度、Chatgpt
参考文献： Su Xiu Xua, Yu Ningb, Huibing Chengc, et al. Optimal vehicle fleet planning and collaboration under carbon neutrality: a game-theoretic perspective [J]. International Journal of Production Research, 2024, 62(12): 4389-4406.
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来源：LearningYard学苑