摘要：“Improvise”源自拉丁语“improvisus”，意为“未预见的”或“未准备的”，由前缀“im-”（否定）和“provisus”（预见，来自“providere”，意为预备）组成。“Providere”与“provide”（提供）、“provision
improvise
英 ['ɪmprəvaɪz] 美 ['ɪmprəvaɪz]
v.即兴创作；即兴表演；临时准备
“Improvise”源自拉丁语“improvisus”，意为“未预见的”或“未准备的”，由前缀“im-”（否定）和“provisus”（预见，来自“providere”，意为预备）组成。“Providere”与“provide”（提供）、“provision”（供应）同根，暗示预先计划的概念。这个词通过意大利语“improvisare”（即兴创作）和法语“improviser”于18世纪进入英语，最初用于音乐和戏剧，指临时创作表演内容，后扩展到日常语境，形容随机应变。其语感轻快而灵动，带有一种机智与自由的魅力。
◉外刊例句
① 《The New Yorker》 (2023年10月15日)
The jazz band improvised a stunning finale, weaving melodies on the spot.
这支爵士乐队即兴创作了一个精彩的结尾，当场编织出旋律。
② 《The Guardian》 (2024年6月20日)
Medics had to improvise with limited supplies to treat the injured.
医务人员不得不在物资有限的情况下即兴应对以治疗伤者。
◉经典名著
① 《汤姆·索亚历险记》（The Adventures of Tom Sawyer）——马克·吐温 (1876年)
Tom improvised a tale to escape the teacher’s wrath."
汤姆即兴编了一个故事以躲避老师的怒火。
② 《喧哗与骚动》（The Sound and the Fury）——威廉·福克纳 (1929年)
He improvised a speech, his words tumbling out in chaotic passion.
他即兴发表了一场演讲，话语带着混乱的激情倾泻而出。
◉Usage Examples
(1) Akel says this style of acting required the crew to improvise as well.
(2) It is much easier to improvise a song than it is to improvise a symphony
(1) 称这种演出方式要求剧组人员都要即兴创作。
(2) 即兴创作一支歌曲比即兴创作一部交响曲要简单得多。
◉Usage Notes
To improvise means to make something up on the spot, or figure it out as you go. "Our boss decided to improvise his speech at our company meeting and when he started going off-topic, everyone could tell he hadn't prepared in advance."
Improvise comes from the Latin word improvisus, meaning "unforeseen, unexpected." Think about when something unexpected happens to you — you have no choice but to react in the moment, or improvise. Another meaning for improvise refers to acting onstage without a script. When actors improvise scenes for an audience, they create funny situations as they go, without having anything pre-planned. The Second City theater in Chicago made this type of comedy famous, with many well-known alumni like Tina Fey and Stephen Colbert.
◉Colins
1. [VERB 动词]临时做；临时凑成 If you improvise, you make or do something using whatever you have or without having planned it in advance. [V] [V n] [V-ed]
You need a wok with a steaming rack for this； if you don't have one, improvise...
要做这个，你需要一口带蒸笼篦子的锅，如果没有，就用别的临时凑合一下
The vet had improvised a harness...
兽医临时凑成了一副马具。
...an improvised stone shelter.
一处临时搭起的石头庇护所
...tents improvised from sheets of heavy plastic draped over wooden poles.
用厚塑料布遮在木头柱子上临时搭起的帐篷
improvisation
Funds were not abundant and clever improvisation was necessary.
资金并不富余，巧妙的临场应变是必要的。
2. [VERB 动词]即兴表演；即兴演奏；即兴创作 When performers improvise, they invent music or words as they play, sing, or speak. [V] [V n] [V on n] [V-ed]
I asked her what the piece was and she said, 'Oh, I'm just improvising'...
我问她那一段是什么音乐，她说：“噢，我只是即兴弹的。”
Uncle Richard intoned a chapter from the Bible and improvised a prayer...
理查德叔叔吟诵了《圣经》中的一章，又即兴作了一段祈祷文。
I think that the art of a storyteller is to take the story and improvise on it.
我认为说书人的艺术在于拿到故事后进行的即兴创作。
...improvised comedy.
即兴表演的喜剧
improvisation
...an improvisation on 'Jingle Bells'.
《铃儿响叮当》的即兴演奏
来源：学无用的英语