摘要：美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）2025年9月19日报道，唐纳德·特朗普总统9月19日签署一项行政令，对H-1B签证申请者征收10万美元费用，以遏制其所领导的政府所称的该签证项目滥用现象。

欢迎各位朋友阅读、转发、收藏、关注和留下宝贵评论！鼓劲英语的朋友呆跳过中文，直接阅读后附英语原文。

特朗普在商务部长卢特尼克见证下签署总统行政令

美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）2025年9月19日报道，唐纳德·特朗普总统9月19日签署一项行政令，对H-1B签证申请者征收10万美元费用，以遏制其所领导的政府所称的该签证项目滥用现象。

特朗普在白宫椭圆形办公室表示：“我们需要劳动者，需要优秀的劳动者，而这一举措在很大程度上能确保我们得到这样的人才。”

一位白宫官员在签署仪式前透露，该公告规定，若未缴纳这笔费用，将限制申请者通过该签证项目入境。

在另一项行政令中，特朗普还指示设立“黄金卡”移民通道。他表示，该通道将为特定移民提供签证快速审批服务，以此换取高额费用。根据该政策，向美国支付100万美元的外国人可获得签证加急处理；企业若为其担保的外籍员工加急办理签证，则需支付200万美元。

新政策预计将对对高度依赖H-1B签证持有者的行业和在美就读留学生产生重大影响

这些举措是特朗普政府一系列移民打击行动的最新动作，同时也对获准入境的外籍人员类型施加了新的严格限制。此类措施可能会对高度依赖H-1B签证持有者的行业产生重大影响。

H-1B签证是一种工作签证，有效期为3年，到期后可续签3年。经济学家认为，该签证项目能帮助美国企业保持竞争力、拓展业务，并在美国创造更多就业岗位。

特朗普对该签证项目的立场一直摇摆不定，这一问题有时还导致其支持者内部产生严重分歧。

特朗普在第一任期内曾限制对外籍劳工签证的发放，且在过去的言论中多次将矛头对准H-1B项目。但在2024年竞选期间，他表示愿意为部分美国大学毕业的外籍人士提供合法身份。

去年12月，特朗普还曾为该项目辩护，他在接受《纽约邮报》采访时表示，自己“相信H-1B签证项目的价值”。他表示：“我一直认可这类签证，一直支持这类签证。我们之所以保留这个项目，原因就在于此。”

特朗普发表上述言论之前，企业家埃隆·马斯克和维韦克·拉马斯瓦米均曾为H-1B项目辩护。其中，拉马斯瓦米最初被特朗普任命为政府效率部负责人。两人的立场引发了“让美国再次伟大”运动忠实支持者的强烈批评，这些支持者希望进一步限制移民。

美国每年发放6.5万个H-1B签证，另外还预留2万个名额专门分配给拥有美国高等教育机构授予的硕士及以上学位者。该签证的需求量通常远超供应量，因此美国需采用抽签制度分配签请名额。

许多企业借助H-1B签证填补用工缺口，而科技是与该签证关联最密切的行业。无论是大型科技公司还是小型科技企业均表示，他们需要通过H-1B项目招聘美国本土难以寻觅的受过专业培训的人才。

此前，特朗普一直反对H-1B签证项目，这是其政策主张的一部分。他主张鼓励美国企业必须优先雇佣美国本土劳动力，而非外籍劳工。在2016年竞选期间，特朗普曾指责美国企业使用H-1B签证“目的很明确，就是用更低的工资雇佣外籍劳工替代美国本土员工”。

2020年，特朗普曾多次限制H-1B签证的发放。这既是其政府遏制合法移民的举措之一，也是为应对新冠疫情引发的经济形势变化而采取的措施。

特朗普同时公布的所谓“黄金卡”项目，同样旨在彻底调整美国对待外籍劳工的政策立场，力求将移民群体的构成重心向企业家和高收入人群倾斜。

黄金卡项目是美国商务部长霍华德·卢特尼克提出的构想。根据该项目，有能力支付100万美元费用的外国人可获得入境加急服务；若外籍人士的雇主为其担保并支付两倍费用（即200万美元），也可享受加急服务。9月19日，卢特尼克在椭圆型办公室批评了当前针对希望在美国永久居住和工作移民的绿卡申请流程。他认为，现行流程导致美国吸纳的是来自国外的“后25%（能力最差）的劳动力”。

谈及“黄金卡”项目时，卢特尼克表示：“我们未来只会吸纳处于顶尖水平的杰出人才。”

Trump imposes $100K fee on H-1B visas in new immigration action. By Alejandra Jaramillo, Adam Cancryn on CNN. September 19, 2025.

President Donald Trump talks at a press conference alongside UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer, not pictured, at Chequers in Aylesbury, England, on September 18, 2025.

Leon Neal/Getty Images/File

President Donald Trump signed an executive action on Friday to impose a $100,000 fee for H-1B visas — in an effort to curb what the administration says is overuse of the program.

“We need workers. We need great workers, and this pretty much ensures that that’s what’s going to happen,” Trump said from the Oval Office.

The proclamation will restrict entry under the program unless accompanied by the payment, a White House official said ahead of the signing.

In a separate order, Trump also directed the creation of a “gold card” immigration pathway that he said would fast-track visas for certain immigrants in exchange for a hefty fee. The policy will expedite visas for foreigners who pay the US $1 million, while allowing a company to pay $2 million to speed up the process for a foreign worker that it sponsors.

The moves mark the latest in a series of efforts from the administration to crack down on immigration and place sharp new limits on the types of foreigners allowed into the country. They threaten to significantly impact industries that depend heavily on H-1B workers.

The H-1B visa is a work visa that’s valid for three years and can be renewed for another three years. Economists have argued the program allows US companies to maintain competitiveness and grow their business, creating more jobs in the US.

Trump’s stance on the program has fluctuated, and the issue has sharply divided his supporters at times.

The president restricted access to foreign worker visas during his first term and has targeted the H-1B program in past remarks – but during the 2024 campaign, he signaled openness to giving some foreign-born workers legal status if they graduated from a US university.

Trump also defended the program last December, telling the New York Post that he’s “a believer in H-1B.”

“I’ve always liked the visas, I have always been in favor of the visas. That’s why we have them,” Trump told the news outlet at the time.

Trump’s remarks came after entrepreneurs Elon Musk and Vivek Ramaswamy, whom Trump initially tapped to lead the Department of Government Efficiency, defended the program, igniting sharp criticism from MAGA loyalists hoping to restrict immigration.

65,000 H-1B visas are granted annually, with another 20,000 reserved just for people who hold advanced degrees from US higher education institutions. Demand for the visa often exceeds the supply, triggering a lottery system.

Many companies use H-1B visas to help fill their workforces. But tech is the sector most commonly associated with H-1Bs. Tech firms big and small say they need the H-1B program to hire trained talent that they can’t find at home.

Trump has previously opposed the H-1B visa program as part of his platform to encourage US companies to prioritize American labor over hiring foreign workers. During his 2016 campaign, Trump accused US companies of using H-1B visas “for the explicit purpose of substituting for American workers at lower pay.”

In 2020, Trump restricted access to H-1B visas on several occasions, part of his administration’s effort to curb legal immigration while responding to the changing economic conditions brought on by the Covid-19 pandemic.

The so-called gold card program that Trump also unveiled is also designed to overhaul the nation’s posture toward foreign workers, aiming to tip the balance of immigrants toward entrepreneurs and high earners.

A brainchild of Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick, the program will speed entry for foreigners who can afford the $1 million fee — or get their employer to pay twice as much to sponsor them. In the Oval Office on Friday, Lutnick criticized the existing green card process for immigrants seeking to live and work permanently in the US, arguing it resulted in the country taking in the “bottom quartile” of workers from abroad.

“We’re going to only take extraordinary people at the very top,” Lutnick said of the gold card program.

来源：读行品世事一点号