摘要：近200只狗及其主人参加了此次活动，活动创办人表示，在阿拉伯联合酋长国天气变得过热之前举办此次活动非常重要。
On your mark and get set for the Paw Power Challenge.
准备好，为“Paw Power Challenge”人狗障碍赛做准备。
It's an obstacle course fun run for owners and their best friends.
这是一项为主人和他们的爱宠设计的障碍趣味赛跑。
And it was held earlier this week in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
并且它于本周早些时候在阿拉伯联合酋长国的迪拜举行。
Almost 200 dogs and their human companions participated in an event whose founder says it was important to get in before the weather gets too hot in the Middle Eastern country.
近200只狗及其主人参加了此次活动，活动创办人表示，在阿拉伯联合酋长国天气变得过热之前举办此次活动非常重要。
Racers had to find ways to get over bales of hay under low platforms.
参赛者需在低矮平台下找到跨越干草捆的方法。
down a slide, across various terrain and through a fountain, going the distance on a one and a half mile long course.
从滑梯上滑下， 穿越各种地形， 穿过喷泉，在长达一英里半的赛道上全程前进。
It's fun to do and fun to watch, but one participant said it's also about keeping owners and their animals healthy.
这项活动既有趣又好看，但一位参与者表示，这也是为了保持主人和宠物的健康。
The challenge proved to be a success.
这项挑战证明是成功的。
One racer said some didn't think they'd be able to finish, but that everybody on two or four legs did.
一位参赛者表示， 有些人起初认为自己无法完成比赛，但最终无论是两条腿还是四条腿的参与者都坚持到了最后。
We're guessing the more petite pups slept especially well that night, though all of them were undoubtedly dog tired.
我们猜那晚体型较小的狗狗睡得特别香，尽管所有的狗狗都肯定是累坏了。
An American biotechnology company says it has successfully de-extincted an animal and that this is the first time that's ever been done.
一家美国生物技术公司宣称已成功“复活”一个已灭绝的物种，并称这是人类历史上的首次尝试。
But there's some disagreement and debate about that in the scientific community, and that's what's next on today's show.
然而， 科学界对此存在一些分歧和争议，这也是我们今天节目接下来要探讨的内容。
I'm Carl Azuz.
我是卡尔·阿祖兹。
This is the world from A to Z. Colossal Biosciences is the name of the biotech and genetic engineering company.
这是从A到Z的世界。巨像生物科学公司是一家生物技术和基因工程公司。
It's based in Texas.
该公司位于德克萨斯州。
It's trying to de-extinct or bring back animal species that are long gone, like the dodo bird, the Tasmanian tiger, the woolly mammoth.
它试图让已经消失很久的动物物种重新复活，比如渡渡鸟、袋狼（塔斯马尼亚虎）和猛犸象。
Colossal says it's actually done that with this, a species it calls the dire wolf.
巨像生物科学公司表示，他们实际上已经用这个物种做到了这一点，他们称之为恐狼。
It's believed to have roamed around North and South America thousands of years ago before going extinct.
据信，数千年前，恐狼曾在北美和南美洲广泛活动，随后灭绝。
The biosciences company says it took DNA from an ancient tooth and a 72,000-year-old skull and made healthy dire wolf puppies.
生物科技公司表示，他们从一颗古老牙齿和一具72,000年前的头骨中提取了DNA，并培育出了健康的恐狼幼崽。
And Time magazine calls these animals the first of their kind to exist in more than 10,000 years.
《时代》杂志称这些动物是1万多年来首次出现的同类物种。
But that's the part that's controversial.
但这正是引发争议的部分。
Colossal says it took the dire wolf's genetic information and used it to alter the cells of gray wolves, which exist today as the dire wolf's closest living relative.
巨像生物科学公司表示， 他们获取了恐狼的基因信息， 并利用这些信息改造了现存灰狼的细胞。灰狼作为恐狼现存最近的近亲物种。
Researchers put the genetically modified information into donor eggs and used large dogs to carry them.
研究人员将转基因信息植入捐赠的卵子中，并使用大型犬来携带它们。
Two pups were born last October and one was born in January.
两只幼犬去年10月出生，另一只在1月出生。
A genomics professor told CNN that the new pups are 99.9 percent gray wolf, but that they carry genes from the extinct dire wolf.
一位基因组学教授告诉CNN， 这些新生的小狼有99.9%是灰狼，但它们携带有已灭绝的恐狼的基因。
And that was echoed by a paleontologist who told the BBC that the new animal is a hybrid, a gray wolf with a bigger skull and white fur, but that extinction is still forever because ancient DNA is too damaged to actually copy in its entirety.
一位古生物学家向英国广播公司表示， 这种新动物是一种杂交品种，拥有更大的头骨和白色毛发的灰狼，但他也强调， 灭绝依旧是永恒的， 因为古代DNA受损严重， 无法完整复制。
So, this appears to come down to how scientists define de-extinction.
因此，这似乎归结于科学家如何定义“复活灭绝物种”。
Is it actually bringing back a species that's gone forever?
它真的能复活一个永远消失的物种吗？
Or is it creating new animals with similar characteristics to extinct species?
还是说在创造具有已灭绝物种相似特征的新动物？
That's one big question hovering over three unique animals that are now roaming a secret, fenced-off area.
这是一个悬而未决的大问题，关乎如今在一片隐秘、被围栏隔开的区域内自由漫游的三种独特动物。
Where in the world?
世界何处？
Now a republic, this nation was originally a kingdom when it achieved independence in 1932.
现在是一个共和国，这个国家在1932年独立时原本是一个王国。
It's located in the Middle East, between Syria and Iran.
它位于中东，叙利亚和伊朗之间。
Its capital is Baghdad.
其首都为巴格达。
This is Iraq, a nation of 47 million people.
这里是伊拉克，一个拥有4700万人口的国家。
On April 9, 2003, U.S. marines and Iraqis toppled a statue of Saddam Hussein in the Iraqi capital of Baghdad.
2003年4月9日，美国海军陆战队和伊拉克人推倒了位于伊拉克首都巴格达的萨达姆·侯赛因雕像。
It symbolized the end of the Iraqi leader's regime and happened less than a month after a U.S.-led coalition of countries attacked the Middle Eastern nation.
它象征着伊拉克领导人的政权终结，发生在以美国为首的多国 coalition 对中东国家发动攻击不到一个月后。
Hussein himself was captured in December of 2003, but the conflict in Iraq would continue for years afterward.
萨达姆·侯赛因本人在2003年12月被俘，但伊拉克的冲突在那之后仍持续了多年。
On this date in 1865, Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union General Ulysses S. Grant in Appomattox, Virginia.
1865年这一天，南军将军罗伯特·E·李在弗吉尼亚的阿波马托克斯向北军将军尤利西斯·S·格兰特投降。
It marked the beginning of the end of the American Civil War, though sporadic fighting went on for months until hostilities formally ended.
这标志着美国内战的尾声，尽管零星的战斗又持续了数月， 直到敌对行动正式结束。
An audio recording history was made on April 9, 1860.
1860年4月9日，音频录制历史被创造。
A French inventor named Edouard Leon Scott de Martinville used something called a phone autograph to record himself singing a folk song.
一位名叫埃德华·勒昂·斯科特·德·马丁维尔的法国发明家使用一种叫做电话自描机的设备录制了他自己唱的一首民歌。
It couldn't be played back at the time, but his device was the first that could record vibrations of sound onto a surface.
当时无法回放，但他的设备是首个能将声音振动记录在表面上的装置。
Upward and out.
向上向外。
What is the name of the world's largest cruise ship?
世界上最大的邮轮叫什么名字？
MSC World Europe?
MSC世界欧洲号？
Icon of the Seas, Carnival Celebration, Royal Princess.
海洋标志号、嘉年华庆典号、皇家公主号。
Weighing more than 248,000 gross tons is Royal Caribbean's Icon of the Seas.
总重超过24.8万吨的是皇家加勒比国际邮轮的“海洋标志号”。
But it's container ships, the giant cargo box carrying behemoths that are the focus of our next story.
但接下来我们要关注的是集装箱船，这些巨型货物箱运输的庞然大物。
The World Shipping Council, a U.S.-based trade association, says 221 shipping containers were lost at sea in 2023, and about a third of them were recovered.
美国贸易协会世界航运理事会表示，2023年有221个海运集装箱在海上丢失，其中大约三分之一被找回。
It's not a significant percentage of the hundreds of millions of containers that were transported.
这并不是数十亿运输集装箱中占很大比例的一部分。
But how does that happen?
但这是怎么发生的呢？
And what is done about the lost containers?
对于丢失的集装箱，采取了哪些措施呢？
Estimates are that some 80% of goods and raw materials are transported, at some point, by water.
据估计，约80%的商品和原材料在运输过程中至少有一段路程是通过水路进行的。
These boxes have revolutionized world trade.
这些集装箱彻底改变了全球贸易。
The large metal containers are easy to pack and load onto ships.
这些大型金属集装箱很容易打包并装上船。
Just stack them up like Legos.
就把它们像乐高积木一样堆起来。
Some 250 million containers were moved last year using shipping vessels.
去年，约有2.5亿个集装箱通过船舶运输。
But many containers don't make it to their intended destination.
但许多集装箱无法到达预定的目的地。
A single box, or hundreds at a time, can be lost in rough seas.
一次丢失一个集装箱，或者一次丢失几百个，都可能在狂风巨浪中发生。
More than 20,000 containers have tumbled overboard in the last 15 or so years.
在过去十几年里，已有超过2万个集装箱落海。
And ship capacities have doubled in the last two decades.
而且在过去二十年里，船舶容量翻了一番。
And with greater size brings heightened risks.
而且规模越大，风险也就越高。
They're more difficult to maneuver, and more prone to rolling in high waves.
它们更难操控，在巨浪中更容易发生侧翻。
Experts disagree on how many containers have actually been lost, because there are no penalties for ship operators if they don't report losses publicly.
专家们对实际丢失的集装箱数量意见不一，因为如果船运公司不公开报告损失， 他们并不会因此受到处罚。
Many are left where they land when they do go overboard.
很多集装箱在落入海中后就留在了那里。
Like this one, which ended up in Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary in 2004.
比如这一个，它在2004年最终落入了蒙特雷湾国家海洋保护区。
Sometimes the contents of a container will make its way back to land.
有时集装箱里的货物会回到陆地上。
Russ Lewis picks up trash along the Washington state coast.
罗素·刘易斯沿着华盛顿州的海岸捡拾垃圾。
That's definitely a container spill.
这无疑是一次集装箱泄漏事故。
When you find more of the same thing more than once, if you find it three or four times, that kind of strikes me as container spill material.
当你多次发现同样的东西，如果发现了三四处，这种情况下我觉得这更像是集装箱泄漏的内容。
He's seen lots of bicycle helmets, balls, and crocs all from a container spill off the Hawaiian Islands in 2020, carried by currents to his beaches over the years.
他目睹了大量自行车头盔、球和卡骆驰鞋，这些物品均来自2020年夏威夷群岛附近的一次集装箱泄漏事故，多年来随着洋流漂至他的海滩。
The oceans and seas of Earth follow generally consistent currents, and in some cases, scientists have actually made the best of spills to help track these currents.
地球上的海洋和海域通常遵循一致的洋流，有时科学家们实际上利用泄漏事件来帮助追踪这些洋流。
Now, a wayward container affects the water flow as well as the sediment wherever it lands, and its presence completely alters the microecosystem around it.
如今， 一个偏离航道的集装箱无论落在哪里， 都会影响水流和沉积物，其存在完全改变了周围的微生态系统。
We've got a problem on the surface, but I think the bigger problem is what's on the seafloor.
我们表面有个问题，但我觉得更大的问题是在海底。
And they're found in the seven seas.
它们遍布七大洋。
Anything floating out in the ocean, they will attack.
任何在海洋中漂浮的东西，它们都会攻击。
Many containers contain goods that have substances which are toxic to marine life.
许多集装箱内装有对海洋生物有毒害的物质。
Two global ocean treaties were amended to try and increase transparency about lost shipping containers.
两项全球海洋条约被修改，旨在提高关于丢失的海运集装箱的信息透明度。
Changes are expected to take effect in 2026, but they have no enforceable penalties, so it remains to be seen if shipping operators will actually be held accountable.
预计这些变更将于2026年生效，但由于缺乏可执行的惩罚措施，航运运营商是否真的会被追究责任仍有待观察。
The long-term impact of lost containers on the world's oceans remains unknown.
海运集装箱丢失对世界海洋的长期影响仍不清楚。
We're going to saddle up and ride with the Mustangs today.
今天我们准备骑上野马。
That's the mascot of Kennesaw Mountain High School.
那是坎尼斯堡山高中（Kennesaw Mountain High School）的吉祥物。
Big hello to the students and teachers watching from Kennesaw, Georgia, the Peach State.
向来自乔治亚州肯尼索的师生们，也就是“桃子州”的各位，致以大大的问候！
Next stop is in the land of 10,000 lakes, where we see Mr. Lushak's class at Cottage Grove Middle School.
下一站我们将前往“万湖之国” ，在那里， 我们看到了卢沙克先生在科特奇格罗夫中学的班级。
The city of Cottage Grove is in Minnesota.
科蒂杰格罗夫市位于明尼苏达州。
And we've got some Tigers with us from Farmington, New Hampshire.
我们有一些来自新罕布什尔州法明顿的老虎。
Ms. Ledoux's class is in the Granite State at Henry Wilson Memorial School.
莱杜小姐的班级位于花岗岩州的亨利威尔逊纪念学校。
A Norwegian soccer team has a unique tradition, well, actually a number of them, that stay true to the club's roots.
一支挪威足球队有着独特的传统，实际上是多个传统， 这些传统都忠实于俱乐部的根基。
Brynna FK awards its players of the match with eggs and milk.
布莱娜FK队以鸡蛋和牛奶奖励比赛中的优秀球员。
Oh, it also has a parking lot for tractors.
哦，它还有一个拖拉机停车场。
Brynna is in an agricultural community of the southwestern part of Norway, population 13,000.
布莱娜位于挪威西南部的一个农业社区，人口13,000人。
Even though its soccer team now plays in the second highest level of Norway's system, it's been nicknamed the Farmer's League, and Brynna embraces that, even giving eggs to a team it played against.
尽管其足球队目前在挪威联赛体系中位列第二高级别，该联赛仍被戏称为“农民联赛”， 而布伦纳欣然接受这一称号， 甚至曾向对阵的球队赠送鸡蛋。
Maybe they're just trying to egg them on, steam them up, or scramble their minds.
也许他们只是想激怒对方，煽风点火，或是搅乱对方的思绪。
Maybe poach a new player, so feed them deceptive tactics, or attempt to win them over easy with their heads in the cloud before a hard-boiled match.
或许会试图用欺骗手段挖走新选手，或在一场硬仗前用空头承诺轻易赢得他们的支持。
No matter who the yolk's on or who gets egg on their face, Brenna's walking on the sunny side.
无论谁是这场闹剧的始作俑者，或是谁因此出丑，布伦娜都正走在阳光灿烂的道路上。
I'm Carl Azuz, egg-cited to have you watching the world from A to Z. We'll cook up a new show for you tomorrow.
我是卡尔·阿祖兹，非常激动能看到你们从A到Z地了解世界。我们明天会为大家准备一个新的节目。
You mean the world to me.
你对我来说意味着全世界。
来源：英语东