摘要：刚离开美国政府效率部负责人岗位的埃隆·马斯克6月3日在社交媒体上发文，猛烈抨击美国总统唐纳德·特朗普主导的标志性税收与支出法案，称其为“令人作呕的丑恶之举”。
BBC中文网6月4日文章，原题：《马斯克炮轰特朗普的“大而美”税改法案“令人作呕” 两人裂痕公开》
刚离开美国政府效率部负责人岗位的埃隆·马斯克6月3日在社交媒体上发文，猛烈抨击美国总统唐纳德·特朗普主导的标志性税收与支出法案，称其为“令人作呕的丑恶之举”。
Elon Musk on Tuesday dropped a bomb by casting US President Donald Trump's "big, beautiful bill" as a "disgusting abomination."
BBC中文网于6月4日发表文章，指出这两位盟友之间的裂痕正日益扩大。
马斯克怒斥“大而美”法案
与特朗普间裂痕日益扩大
“对不起，我实在忍不了了。这项规模庞大、荒唐可笑、夹带私货的国会支出法案简直令人作呕。”马斯克当天在社交媒体发文写道，“那些投票支持这项法案的人真可耻：你们知道自己做错了。你们自己心里清楚。”
In his posts on the social platform X, Musk, who has just left his leading position at the Department of Government Efficiency a few days ago, said: "I'm sorry, but I just can't stand it anymore."
"This massive, outrageous, pork-filled Congressional spending bill is a disgusting abomination. Shame on those who voted for it: you know you did wrong. You know it."
这位科技亿万富翁于上周突然宣布离开美国政府。在此之前，他带领“政府效率部”团队工作了129天，致力于削减联邦政府成本。
这番言论标志着马斯克自离开政府以来，首次公开与特朗普意见不合。在此之前，他曾称该计划“令人失望”。
马斯克周二在社交媒体X上连发多则贴文，称“大而美”法案将让美国公民背负“压倒性不可持续的债务”。他还警告说，明年11月国会中期选举时，“所有背叛美国民众的政客都将被炒掉”。
马斯克先前曾誓言推动对特朗普“不忠”的共和党人败选，眼下却暗示要让支持特朗普“大而美”法案的人出局。
In a series of posts on X on Tuesday, Musk said that the "outrageous, pork-filled" spending bill will "massively increase the already gigantic budget deficit to $2.5 trillion (!!!) and burden America citizens with crushingly unsustainable debt".
Musk has previously vowed to fund campaign challenges against any Republican that votes against Trump's agenda. But on Tuesday, he fired a warning to those who backed the bill.
"In November next year, we fire all politicians who betrayed the American people," he wrote.
“大而美法案”将推高美国赤字6000亿
这项法案预计将在下一个财政年度使美国的预算赤字（即政府支出与收入之间的差额）增加约6000亿美元。
“大而美”法案旨在延长特朗普在其第一个总统任期内于2017年通过的企业和个人减税措施，对小费、汽车贷款等提供新的税收减免，同时增加国防支出，为打击非法移民提供更多资金，并将联邦债务上限提高4万亿美元。
In its current form, the bill has been estimated to increase the budget deficit — the difference between what the government spends and the revenue it receives — by about $600b in the next fiscal year.
The legislation also pledges to extend soon-to-expire tax cuts passed during the first Trump administration in 2017, as well as an influx of funds for defence spending and to fund the administration's mass deportations of undocumented immigrants.
To the dismay of fiscal conservatives, it would lift the limit on the amount of money the government can borrow, known as the debt ceiling, to $4 trillion.
共和党人掌控的国会众议院5月22日以一票优势艰难通过“大而美”法案。参议院目前正在审议该法案，预计将予修订。
白宫：“会坚持到底”
白宫新闻秘书卡罗琳·莱维特3日告诉媒体记者，特朗普已知悉马斯克对法案立场，但“不会改变想法”，将继续支持法案。她说：“这是一项大而美的法案，而总统会坚持到底。”
White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt also dismissed Musk's criticism on Tuesday.
"Look, the president already knows where Elon Musk stood on this bill," Leavitt said at the White House press briefing. "It doesn't change the president's opinion. This is one big, beautiful bill, and he's sticking to it."
6月3日，白宫新闻秘书卡罗琳·莱维特在白宫新闻发布厅发表讲话。 图源：VCG
据媒体报道，几位白宫官员私下表示，马斯克的犀利言论让他们措手不及。尽管马斯克对该法案的看法对白宫高层官员来说并非秘密，但他们没想到他的公开表态会如此强硬。
According to a CNN report, some White House officials said they were caught off guard by the harsh remarks. While Musk's sentiments on the bill were no secret to senior staff in the West Wing, they weren't expecting him to take such a strong public stance.
推动该法案在众议院通过的关键人物、众议院议长麦克·约翰逊在国会山对记者表示：“埃隆简直是大错特错。”
约翰逊表示，他在周一与马斯克通了20分钟的电话，讨论这项法案。他补充说，法案中逐步取消电动车税收抵免的条款，可能会“影响到马斯克的公司特斯拉”。
“我对此感到遗憾，”约翰逊说，并对马斯克在通话后仍公开批评法案感到惊讶。“我非常遗憾他犯了这个错误。”
House Speaker Mike Johnson brushed off Musk's criticism, telling reporters Tuesday on Capitol Hill that Musk was "terribly wrong about the one big, beautiful bill."
"For him to come out and pan the whole bill is to me just very disappointing, very surprising," Johnson said.
法案条款关乎马斯克切身利益
按外媒说法，马斯克作此表态旨在测试他离开政府效率部负责人岗位后的政治影响力，法案部分条款也关乎马斯克切身利益。
据法新社，马斯克痛批“大而美”法案，一贯对反对者重拳出击的特朗普本人却未公开回怼。法新社称，特朗普是考虑到马斯克对精通技术、对政治通常不大关心的年轻选民有巨大影响力，这些选民是特朗普去年胜选的关键“票仓”。
美联社在报道中特别提到“大而美”法案触及马斯克商业利益。法案为削减联邦开支，要求取消民主党前政府推动的绿色能源激励政策，这可能影响马斯克经营的电动汽车制造企业特斯拉所享补贴。
按其他美媒说法，马斯克与白宫关系日趋紧张，离职政府效率部或因他已意识到想让白宫推出令自己获益举措的目标并未实现。马斯克曾想让“星链”（Starlink）卫星系统被用于指挥联邦航空总署（FAA）的空中交通管制系统，但由于技术问题以及潜在利益冲突的疑虑，该提案遭到否决。
Among the issues that upset Musk involved air traffic control at the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), according to Axios.
Musk was hoping it would be run on his Starlink satellite system, but he was denied because of issues relating to the technology and the appearance of a conflict of interest, the political outlet reported.
离职后仅一天，马斯克的密友、美国富豪贾里德·艾萨克曼出任美国国家航空航天局（NASA）局长一事也被白宫拦下。
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