摘要:初中40道英语同义句转换练习题,涵盖常见语法结构、短语替换及句型转换,并附上详细解析:
初中40道英语同义句转换练习题,涵盖常见语法结构、短语替换及句型转换,并附上详细解析:
一、使用同义词/短语替换
1. 原句:I like English very much.
同义句:I enjoy English a lot.
解析: like...very much = enjoy...a lot ,替换核心动词和副词短语。
2. 原句:He is good at math.
同义句:He does well in math.
解析: be good at = do well in ,均表示“擅长”。
二、时间表达转换
3. 原句:It’s ten past six.
同义句:It’s six ten.
解析:分钟 + past + 小时 = 小时 + 分钟。
4. 原句:She left half an hour ago.
同义句:She has been away for half an hour.
解析:瞬间动词(left)转延续性动词(has been away),用于现在完成时。
三、感叹句转换
5. 原句:What a beautiful flower!
同义句:How beautiful the flower is!
解析: What + a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数! = How + adj. + 主语 + 谓语!
6. 原句:How fast he runs!
同义句:What a fast runner he is!
解析: How + adv. + 主语 + 谓语! = What + a/an + adj. + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语!
四、复合句与简单句转换
7. 原句:He got up late, so he missed the bus.
同义句:He missed the bus because he got up late.
解析:因果关系中, so (结果在前)和 because (原因在前)互换。
8. 原句:If you don’t work hard, you’ll fail.
同义句:Work hard, or you’ll fail.
解析:条件状语从句转为“祈使句 + or + 结果句”结构。
五、主动语态与被动语态
9. 原句:They built the bridge in 2020.
同义句:The bridge was built by them in 2020.
解析:一般过去时的主动语态变被动语态,结构为 was/were + 过去分词 。
10. 原句:People speak English all over the world.
同义句:English is spoken by people all over the world.
解析:一般现在时被动语态,结构为 am/is/are + 过去分词 。
六、同义词组替换
11. 原句:He is too young to go to school.
同义句:He isn’t old enough to go to school.
解析: too...to... (太…而不能) = not...enough to... (不够…做某事)。
12. 原句:She spent two hours on her homework.
同义句:It took her two hours to do her homework.
解析: sb. spend time on sth. = It takes sb. time to do sth.
七、复合宾语结构转换
13. 原句:We saw him play football.
同义句:He was seen to play football by us.
解析:主动句中感官动词(see)后接省略to的不定式,被动句需还原to。
八、综合练习
14. 原句:The box is very heavy. I can’t carry it.
同义句:The box is too heavy for me to carry.
解析:合并为 too...to... 结构。
15. 原句:She said, “I will go tomorrow.”
同义句:She said that she would go the next day.
解析:直接引语变间接引语,时态和时间状语相应变化。
16. 原句:I don’t know what I should do.
同义句:I don’t know what to do.
解析:宾语从句简化为“疑问词 + 不定式”结构。
17. 原句:He is a 12-year-old boy.
同义句:He is 12 years old.
解析:复合形容词(12-year-old)转为“数词 + 名词复数 + old”。
18. 原句:The meeting ended at 5 p.m.
同义句:The meeting was over at 5 p.m.
解析: ended = was over ,均表示“结束”。
参考答案总结
转换类型 原句结构 同义句结构
同义词替换 like → enjoy buy → purchase
时间表达 past/to → 数字组合 ago → for + 时间段
感叹句 What + 名词! → How + 形容词! How + 副词! → What + 名词短语!
复合句简化 if从句 → 祈使句 + or 宾语从句 → 疑问词 + 不定式
被动语态 主动句(主语 + 动词) 被动句(主语 + be + 过去分词)
固定句型 too...to... → not...enough to... spend...on → It takes...to...
来源:蒙古元素