小一笔记（10）：物流系统网络的含义与组成要素

摘要：It contains a variety of elements: including the type, quantity and location of logistics nodes, the customer groups served by the

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“小一笔记（10）：物流系统网络的含义与组成要素”

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"Xiaoyi Notes (10): The meaning and components of the logistics system network"

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(一)物流系统网络的含义The meaning of the logistics system network

1、是物流系统的空间网络结构：它构成了物流活动的空间载体，涵盖了货物从供应地到需求地整个流通渠道的完整结构。

It is the spatial network structure of the logistics system: it constitutes the spatial carrier of logistics activities and covers the complete structure of the entire circulation channel of goods from the place of supply to the place of demand.

2、包含多种要素：包括物流节点的类型、数量与位置，节点所服务的客户群体，节点的连接方式，以及货物在节点间空间转移的运输方式等。

It contains a variety of elements: including the type, quantity and location of logistics nodes, the customer groups served by the nodes, the connection method of the nodes, and the mode of transportation of goods transferred in space between the nodes.

3、可抽象为图论中的网络：从图论角度，能抽象成由点（物流节点）与线（连接物流节点的线路）及其相互关系构成的网络。

Can be abstract as a network in graph theory: From the perspective of graph theory, it can be abstract as a network composed of points (logistics nodes) and lines (lines connecting logistics nodes) and their interrelationships.

4、与物流活动的运动形式对应：物流过程可看作多次运动与停顿交替组成，对应的物流系统网络也由执行运动使命的运输方式和执行停顿使命的节点这两种基本元素组成。

Corresponding to the form of movement of logistics activities: the logistics process can be seen as alternating multiple movements and pauses. The corresponding logistics system network is also composed of two basic elements: the mode of transportation to perform the movement mission and the node to perform the pause mission.

5、功能与结构取决于基本元素的匹配：物流系统网络的辐射能力、功能强弱、结构合理性直接取决于运输方式与节点这两个基本元素之间的匹配程度与方式。

Function and structure depend on the matching of basic elements: the radiation ability, functional strength, and structural rationality of the logistics system network directly depend on the degree and method of matching between the two basic elements, transportation mode and node.

(二)物流系统网络的组成要素Components of the logistics system network

物流系统网络的主要由物流系统的节点与节点的连接方式(运输线路与运输方式选择)构成。

The logistics system network is mainly composed of the connection method (selection of transportation routes and transportation methods) between the nodes of the logistics system.

1、运输方式Mode of transportation

在物流系统网络规划与设计中通常综合运用如下几种运输方式:①铁路运输;②公路运输;③水路运输;④航空运输;⑤管道运输;⑥多式联运。

In the planning and design of the logistics system network, the following modes of transportation are usually comprehensively used: ① rail transportation; ② road transportation;③ water transportation;航空 Air transportation;管 pipeline transportation;多 multimodal transportation.

2.物流节点Logistics node

物流节点是物流系统中货物从供应地到需求地流动过程中经过停靠的关键场所，涵盖了制造商、供应商、零售商、物流企业仓库、配送中心与物流中心以及物流的终点和起点等。它是物流系统的重要组成部分，所有物流活动均在其和运输线路上进行。运输线路上主要完成运输活动，而仓储、配货、包装等其他物流功能要素则在物流节点上完成。物流节点的位置和功能配置直接影响物流系统效率，需根据其功能和规模在物流系统网络规划设计中合理配置，为物流网络功能实现提供支撑，物流中心和配送中心更是其中的重要节点类型。

Logistics nodes are key places in the logistics system where goods pass through and stop during the flow from the place of supply to the place of demand, covering manufacturers, suppliers, retailers, warehouses of logistics companies, distribution centers and logistics centers, as well as the end and starting points of logistics. It is an important part of the logistics system, and all logistics activities are carried out on it and transportation routes. Transportation activities are mainly completed on the transportation route, while other logistics functional elements such as warehousing, distribution, and packaging are completed on the logistics node. The location and functional configuration of logistics nodes directly affect the efficiency of the logistics system. According to their functions and scale, they need to be rationally configured in the planning and design of the logistics system network to provide support for the realization of the functions of the logistics network. Logistics centers and distribution centers are important node types.

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