脑机接口技术渐行渐近（考研、四六级、雅思、留学英语核心词汇）

摘要：脑机接口技术渐行渐近（考研、四六级、雅思、留学英语核心词汇）

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In recent years, brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have moved swiftly from science fiction toward reality. By linking the brain’s electrical signals directly to external devices, the technology offers paralyzed or speech-impaired patients the chance to regain functions once thought lost. More adventurous minds are already testing to see if BCIs may one day restore vision to the blind, or even encodememory and consciousness itself.

近年来，脑机接口技术正迅速从科幻走向现实。通过将大脑电信号直接与外部设备连接，这项技术为瘫痪或语言障碍患者提供了重获功能的机会。更具开拓精神的研究者已在探索脑机接口能否让盲人重见光明，甚至实现记忆与意识的编码。

Earlier this year, China launched the world’s first large-scale clinical study on BCI. Jointly conducted by Shanghai’s Huashan Hospital and Beijing’s Xuanwu Hospital, the study aims to test the safety and efficacy of implanted BCIs, collect real-world data and create a standardized procedure for BCI surgeries. Over the past six months, Huashan Hospital has carried out more than a dozen BCI implants.

今年初，中国启动了全球首项脑机接口大规模临床研究。这项由复旦大学附属华山医院与首都医科大学宣武医院联合开展的研究，旨在测试植入式脑机接口的安全性与有效性，收集真实世界数据并建立标准化手术流程。过去半年间，华山医院已完成十余台脑机接口植入手术。

This push for further breakthroughs in the sector is driven by the rise of a host of domestic startups focused on BCI research, many of which trace their roots to the country’s top universities and research institutes. Researchers are also probing a third path between invasive and non-invasive methods. In October 2023, a team of scientists at Tsinghua University carried out the first clinical implant of a semi-invasive BCI device. Hopes are high that it will become the world’s first BCI device to receive a medical license.

该领域持续突破的动力，源于一批专注于脑机接口研究的本土初创企业的崛起，其中多数团队源自国内顶尖高校及科研机构。研究人员还在探索侵入式与非侵入式之外的第三条路径。2023年10月，清华大学科研团队完成了全球首例微创脑机接口临床植入试验，该设备有望成为全球首个获颁医疗器械注册证的脑机接口产品。

As with other emerging sciences, the technology is moving faster than the philosophy. The public is already deeply divided over the many ethical questions that rise along with a BCI-powered future. Many are concerned that brain implants could alter the nature of human existence and allow manipulation of consciousness. The arguments may remain unsettled for years. The technology, meanwhile, races ahead.

与其他新兴科技领域相似，脑机接口技术的发展速度已超越伦理规范的建立。随着该技术推动的未来图景逐渐显现，公众在诸多伦理议题上产生深刻分歧。许多人担忧脑部植入物可能改变人类生存本质，导致意识被操控。这些争论或将持续数年，而技术创新仍在疾驰向前。