摘要:“I hope it will rain tomorrow.”(我希望明天会下雨。)在这个句子中,说话者期待下雨,虽然不能完全确定明天是否会下雨,但这种想法是基于一定的可能性(比如天气预报有雨的迹象等),并且下雨对说话者来说是一个积极的结果,可能是因为他想浇灌
例句:
“I hope it will rain tomorrow.”(我希望明天会下雨。)在这个句子中,说话者期待下雨,虽然不能完全确定明天是否会下雨,但这种想法是基于一定的可能性(比如天气预报有雨的迹象等),并且下雨对说话者来说是一个积极的结果,可能是因为他想浇灌花园或者想享受雨天的氛围。She hopes to get a promotion this year. (期待升职→有现实努力基础)错误用法:~~I hope it didn’t rain yesterday.~~ (hope不用于回溯过去)语义核心:对现状或过去的遗憾(与事实相反,虚拟语气)。对未来的强烈但可能不切实际的渴望(语气比hope更主观)。往往带有遗憾、无奈或者不太可能实现的意味。它所涉及的事情可能是已经发生(但希望结果不同)或者很难实现的情况。语法特点:接 虚拟语气从句(过去时表现在遗憾,过去完成时表过去遗憾)。接不定式(to do)时表客气请求或未来愿望(类似“想要”)。情感色彩:可能隐含无奈、幻想或礼貌委婉。
例句:
I wish I were taller. (现在遗憾→虚拟语气用were)He wishes he had studied harder. (过去遗憾→过去完成时)I wish to speak to the manager. (正式请求,语气较强)“I wish I had studied harder when I was in high school.”(我真希望我在高中时学习更努力些。)这里用的是虚拟语气,因为过去的事情已经无法改变,说话者对过去没有努力学习感到遗憾。对比Hope:"I hope you pass the exam." (有信心)"I wish you could pass the exam." (但觉得可能性低)“I wish I could fly.”(我希望我能飞。)这明显是一个不太可能实现的愿望,因为人类本身没有飞行的能力。(天马行空的想象)语义核心:基于理性判断或客观依据的预期,隐含“理所当然”或“准备应对”。侧重于:基于一定的事实、证据或者合理的判断而产生的期待。它所涉及的事情往往是有一定的依据或者概率很高的。语法特点:后接 不定式(to do)或 从句(陈述语气)。可接名词(如"expect rain")。情感色彩:中性或客观,可能隐含压力或责任。例句:
We expect the project to be finished by Friday. (合理推断)She expected that he would apologize, but he didn’t. (未实现但合理的预期)"I expect you to be on time." (隐含要求)“I expect the meeting to start on time.”(我期望会议准时开始。)这里说话者之所以有这种期待,可能是因为会议组织者一直强调准时,或者以往的会议都是准时开始的,所以这种期待是基于一定的事实和经验的。对比Hope/Wish:"I hope to win the lottery." (纯幻想)"I expect to receive my salary on time." (合理权利)维度HopeWishExpect未来事件:"I hope you’ll come." (单纯期待)"I expect you to come." (认为对方应该来)"I wish you would come." (但知道对方可能不来,含抱怨)2.过去事件:
"I wish I had known earlier." (后悔)~~I hope I had known earlier.~~ (hope不用于过去虚拟)"I expected her to call, but she didn’t." (合理预期落空)3.礼貌程度:
"I wish to inquire about the job." (正式但生硬)"I hope you can help me." (更自然友好)"I expect an answer by noon." (强硬要求)个人愿望:在表达个人对未来的美好愿景时常用。例如:“I hope to travel around the world one day.”(我希望有一天能环游世界。)这是个人对旅行的渴望,有一定的可能性实现。对他人美好祝愿:在祝福别人时也会用到。例如:“I hope you have a good time.”(我希望你玩得开心。)(2)Wish生日、节日祝福:在生日、节日等场合,用于表达强烈的祝福。例如:“I wish you a merry Christmas and a happy new year.”(我祝你圣诞快乐,新年快乐。)对不切实际的幻想:在描述一些不切实际的想法时。例如:“I wish I could live on the moon.”(我希望我能住在月球上。)这种想法是不现实的。工作、学习场景:在工作、学习等场景中,用于表达对结果的合理预期。例如:“I expect to get a good grade in this exam.”(我期望在这次考试中取得好成绩。)这是基于自己努力学习后产生的合理期待。对他人行为的预期:在对他人行为有明确要求或者合理判断时。例如:“I expect him to be responsible for his actions.”(我期望他对自己的行为负责。)"Hope sees the invisible, feels the intangible and achieves the impossible."
来源:大地在沉睡我们在赶路一点号
