摘要：为税收目的计算存货的一种方法。当货物混合在一起无法依发票详细区别时，为计缴联邦税，存货被视为最近购进或生产的。当有价证券卖出情况不能确定时，为计算盈亏额以缴纳所得税〔income tax〕，卖出的有价证券将与最先购进的有价证券相抵销。相对于后进先出〔LIFO,

先进先出法 first in,first out/FIFO

为税收目的计算存货的一种方法。当货物混合在一起无法依发票详细区别时，为计缴联邦税，存货被视为最近购进或生产的。当有价证券卖出情况不能确定时，为计算盈亏额以缴纳所得税〔income tax〕，卖出的有价证券将与最先购进的有价证券相抵销。相对于后进先出〔LIFO,即last-in,first-out〕。

First In, First Out, commonly known as FIFO, is an asset-management and valuation method in which assets produced or acquired first are sold, used, or disposed of first. For tax purposes, FIFO assumes that assets with the oldest costs are included in the income statement's cost of goods sold (COGS). The remaining inventory assets are matched to the assets that are most recently purchased or produced. The FIFO method is used for cost flow assumption purposes. In manufacturing, as items progress to later development stages and as finished inventory items are sold, the associated costs with that product must be recognized as an expense. Under FIFO, it is assumed that the cost of inventory purchased first will be recognized first. The dollar value of total inventory decreases in this process because inventory has been removed from the company’s ownership. The costs associated with the inventory may be calculated in several ways - one being the FIFO method. 以下为相关例句，以加深对该术语的理解：

例句1

The FIFO method follows the logic that to avoid obsolescence, a company would sell the oldest inventory items first and maintain the newest items in inventory. Although the actual inventory valuation method used does not need to follow the actual flow of inventory through a company, an entity must be able to support why it selected the use of a particular inventory valuation method.

先进先出法遵循的逻辑是，为了避免过时，公司将首先出售最早的库存项目，并维护库存中的最新项目。虽然所使用的实际库存估价方法不需要遵循通过公司的实际库存流动，但是一个实体必须能够对其为什么选择使用特定的库存估价方法予以支持。

例句2

Typical economic situations involve inflationary markets and rising prices. In this situation, if FIFO assigns the oldest costs to cost of goods sold, these oldest costs will theoretically be priced lower than the most recent inventory purchased at current inflated prices.

典型的经济形势包括市场通货膨胀和价格上涨。在这种情况下，如果先进先出法将最早的成本分配给售出商品的成本，这些最早的成本理论上将低于以当前虚高价格购买的最新库存的价格。

来源：雨泽教育