摘要:全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时,且主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装 。
一、全部倒装句的定义
全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时,且主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装 。
二、全部倒装句的常见类型及双语例句
1. Here、There、Now、Then等副词开头的句子:当here、there、now、then、thus等副词置于句首时,谓语动词常用be、come、go、lie、run等。
- Here is a letter for you.(这儿有你的一封信。)
- There goes the bell.(铃响了。)
- Now comes your turn.(现在轮到你了。)
- Then came a new difficulty.(然后新的困难出现了。)
- Thus ended the meeting.(会议就这样结束了。)
- Here comes the bus.(公共汽车来了。)
- There lives an old man in the village.(村子里住着一位老人。)
- Now goes the boy to school.(现在这个男孩去上学了。)
- Then followed a long silence.(接着是长时间的沉默。)
- Here are some books you want.(这儿有一些你想要的书。)
2. 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首的句子:表示运动方向的副词如out、in、up、down、off、away等或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词时,句子要全部倒装。
- Out rushed the children.(孩子们冲了出去。)
- In came the teacher.(老师进来了。)
- Up went the rocket into the sky.(火箭升入了天空。)
- Down fell the leaves.(树叶落了下来。)
- Off went the horse.(马跑开了。)
- Away flew the bird.(鸟儿飞走了。)
- Ahead sat an old woman.(前面坐着一位老妇人。)
- Back came the echo.(回声传了回来。)
- Inside the room were some beautiful pictures.(房间里有一些漂亮的画。)
- Under the tree lay a dog.(树下躺着一只狗。)
3. there be 结构及其变体:在there be 结构中,可以代替be的还有live、lie、stand、appear、rise、remain、happen、come、go等动词,表示“有;存在” 。
- There is a book on the desk.(桌子上有一本书。)
- There lives a family near the forest.(森林附近住着一户人家。)
- There lies a small river in front of the village.(村子前面有一条小河。)
- There stands a tall building in the city center.(市中心矗立着一座高楼。)
- There appears to be a mistake in your calculation.(你的计算似乎有个错误。)
- There remains a problem to be solved.(还有一个问题有待解决。)
- There happened to be a doctor on the spot.(碰巧现场有一位医生。)
- There comes a time when you have to make a decision.(到了你必须做决定的时候了。)
- There goes my chance of winning.(我获胜的机会没了。)
- There exists a good way to solve this issue.(存在一个解决这个问题的好办法。)
4. 表语位于句首的句子:为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密,将做表语的形容词、现在分词、过去分词、表地点的介词短语置于句首,形成完全倒装,结构为“表语 + 系动词 + 主语” 。
- Present at the meeting were some famous scientists.(出席会议的有一些著名科学家。)
- Gone are the days when we had no enough food.(我们没有足够食物的日子一去不复返了。)
- Lying on the ground is a wounded soldier.(躺在地上的是一名受伤的士兵。)
- Seated in the front row are the honored guests.(坐在前排的是贵宾。)
- Among the goods are Christmas trees.(这些货物中有圣诞树。)
- In the box was a beautiful necklace.(盒子里是一条漂亮的项链。)
- On the wall hang two large portraits.(墙上挂着两幅大幅画像。)
- At the foot of the mountain lies a small village.(山脚下有一个小村庄。)
- Around the lake are many trees.(湖的四周有很多树。)
- In front of the house stands a tall tree.(房子前面有一棵大树。)
5. 直接引语放在句首引起的完全倒装:若直接引语的部分或全部放在句首,并且说话人是名词时,将say、ask等置于说话人前,构成完全倒装。
- “I'm hungry,” said Tom.(“我饿了。”汤姆说。)
- “Are you sure?” asked Mary.(“你确定吗?”玛丽问道。)
- “Come here quickly!” shouted the teacher.(“快点过来!”老师喊道。)
- “I have finished my homework,” replied the boy.(“我已经完成作业了。”男孩回答道。)
- “Let's go!” cried Jack.(“我们走吧!”杰克叫道。)
- “What a beautiful day!” exclaimed Lucy.(“多美的一天啊!”露西惊叹道。)
- “Don't be late again,” warned the boss.(“别再迟到了。”老板警告道。)
- “I will never give up,” declared the athlete.(“我永远不会放弃。”运动员宣称道。)
- “Help! Help!” screamed the girl.(“救命!救命!”女孩尖叫道。)
- “I love this game,” smiled the player.(“我喜欢这个游戏。”玩家微笑着说。)
6. 以such开头的句子:such置于句首,意为“这样的人或事物”,句子用全部倒装。
- Such is the truth.(这就是事实。)
- Such were his words.(他就是这么说的。)
- Such are the results of their hard work.(这些就是他们努力工作的成果。)
- Such will be our future plans.(这就是我们未来的计划。)
- Such was the story he told us.(这就是他给我们讲的故事。)
- Such are the problems we are facing.(这些就是我们正在面临的问题。)
- Such were the experiences that changed his life.(这些经历改变了他的人生。)
- Such is the power of love.(这就是爱的力量。)
- Such will be the challenges in the coming year.(这就是来年将要面临的挑战。)
- Such are the dreams that drive us forward.(这些就是驱使我们前进的梦想。)
来源:蒙古元素