摘要：解析：本题考查虚拟语气中与现在事实相反的情况。在 if 引导的非真实条件状语从句中，与现在事实相反时，从句谓语用过去式（be 通常用 were），主句谓语用 “should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。“我是一只鸟” 与现在事实

一、选择题

If I ______ a bird, I ______ fly in the sky.

A. am; will

B. was; would

C. were; would

D. are; will

答案：C

解析：本题考查虚拟语气中与现在事实相反的情况。在 if 引导的非真实条件状语从句中，与现在事实相反时，从句谓语用过去式（be 通常用 were），主句谓语用 “should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。“我是一只鸟” 与现在事实不符，所以从句用 were，主句用 would + 动词原形，故选 C。

If it ______ rain tomorrow, we ______ go to the park.

A. doesn't; will

B. rained; would

C. should; would

D. were; will

答案：C

解析：本题考查虚拟语气中与将来事实相反的情况。从句谓语可以用过去式（be 通常用 were）或 “should + 动词原形” 或 “were to + 动词原形”，主句谓语用 “should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。这里 “如果明天下雨” 是对将来情况的虚拟假设，选项 C 符合虚拟语气与将来事实相反的用法，故选 C。

If he ______ more carefully, he ______ the mistake.

A. had listened; wouldn't have made

B. listened; wouldn't make

C. listens; won't make

D. will listen; won't make

答案：A

解析：本题考查虚拟语气中与过去事实相反的情况。从句谓语用过去完成时（had + 过去分词），主句谓语用 “should (would, could, might) + have + 过去分词”。“如果他更仔细些” 是对过去情况的假设，“犯错误” 也是过去的动作，所以从句用 had listened，主句用 wouldn't have made，故选 A。

If I ______ enough money, I ______ a new computer.

A. have; will buy

B. had; would buy

C. had had; would have bought

D. will have; buy

答案：B

解析：本题考查虚拟语气中与现在事实相反的情况。在 if 引导的非真实条件状语从句中，与现在事实相反时，从句谓语用过去式（be 通常用 were），主句谓语用 “should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。“我有足够的钱” 与现在事实不符，所以从句用 had，主句用 would buy，故选 B。

If you ______ to the party last night, you ______ her.

A. went; would meet

B. had gone; would have met

C. go; will meet

D. were going; met

答案：B

解析：本题考查虚拟语气中与过去事实相反的情况。从句谓语用过去完成时（had + 过去分词），主句谓语用 “should (would, could, might) + have + 过去分词”。“如果你昨晚去了派对” 是对过去情况的假设，“见到她” 也是过去可能发生的动作，所以从句用 had gone，主句用 would have met，故选 B。

If it ______ sunny tomorrow, we ______ have a picnic. But the weather forecast says it's going to rain.

A. is; will

B. were; would

C. was; would

D. will be; will

答案：B

解析：本题考查虚拟语气中与将来事实相反的情况。从句谓语可以用过去式（be 通常用 were）或 “should + 动词原形” 或 “were to + 动词原形”，主句谓语用 “should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。根据 “但是天气预报说要下雨” 可知，“明天天气晴朗” 是与将来事实相反的假设，所以从句用 were，主句用 would + 动词原形，故选 B。

二、填空题

If I ______ (be) the president, I ______ (make) education free for all.

答案：were; would make

解析：本题考查虚拟语气中与现在事实相反的情况。在 if 引导的非真实条件状语从句中，与现在事实相反时，从句谓语用过去式（be 通常用 were），主句谓语用 “should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。“我是总统” 与现在事实不符，所以从句填 were，主句填 would make。

If he ______ (study) harder last term, he ______ (get) better grades.

答案：had studied; would have got

解析：本题考查虚拟语气中与过去事实相反的情况。从句谓语用过去完成时（had + 过去分词），主句谓语用 “should (would, could, might) + have + 过去分词”。“上学期他更努力学习” 是对过去情况的假设，所以从句填 had studied，“取得更好的成绩” 也是过去可能的结果，所以主句填 would have got。

If it ______ (snow) tomorrow, we ______ (build) a snowman.

答案：snowed 或 were to snow 或 should snow; would build

解析：本题考查虚拟语气中与将来事实相反的情况。从句谓语可以用过去式（be 通常用 were）或 “should + 动词原形” 或 “were to + 动词原形”，主句谓语用 “should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。“明天下雪” 是对将来情况的假设，所以从句可以填 snowed 或 were to snow 或 should snow，主句填 would build。

If she ______ (have) more time, she ______ (read) more books.

答案：had; would read

解析：本题考查虚拟语气中与现在事实相反的情况。在 if 引导的非真实条件状语从句中，与现在事实相反时，从句谓语用过去式（be 通常用 were），主句谓语用 “should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。“她有更多时间” 与现在事实不符，所以从句填 had，主句填 would read。

If we ______ (know) his address, we ______ (send) him a postcard.

答案：knew; would send

解析：本题考查虚拟语气中与现在事实相反的情况。在 if 引导的非真实条件状语从句中，与现在事实相反时，从句谓语用过去式（be 通常用 were），主句谓语用 “should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。“我们知道他的地址” 与现在事实不符，所以从句填 knew，主句填 would send。

三、改错题

If I am you, I will study harder.

答案：If I were you, I would study harder.

解析：本题考查虚拟语气中与现在事实相反的情况。在 if 引导的非真实条件状语从句中，与现在事实相反时，从句谓语应该用过去式（be 通常用 were），主句谓语应该用 “should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”，原句中从句的 am 和主句的 will 使用错误。

If he had listened to me, he won't make the mistake.

答案：If he had listened to me, he wouldn't have made the mistake.

解析：本题考查虚拟语气中与过去事实相反的情况。从句谓语用过去完成时（had + 过去分词），主句谓语应该用 “should (would, could, might) + have + 过去分词”，原句中主句的 won't make 使用错误。

If it will rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.

答案：If it rained 或 were to rain 或 should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.

解析：本题考查虚拟语气中与将来事实相反的情况。从句谓语应该用过去式（be 通常用 were）或 “should + 动词原形” 或 “were to + 动词原形”，原句中从句的 will rain 使用错误。

If I have enough money, I would buy a new car.

答案：If I had enough money, I would buy a new car.

解析：本题考查虚拟语气中与现在事实相反的情况。在 if 引导的非真实条件状语从句中，与现在事实相反时，从句谓语应该用过去式（be 通常用 were），原句中从句的 have 使用错误。

If you went to the concert last night, you will meet your favorite singer.

答案：If you had gone to the concert last night, you would have met your favorite singer.

解析：本题考查虚拟语气中与过去事实相反的情况。从句谓语应该用过去完成时（had + 过去分词），主句谓语应该用 “should (would, could, might) + have + 过去分词”，原句中从句的 went 和主句的 will meet 使用错误。

四、材料题

材料一：

Tom said, "If I had a million dollars, I would buy a big house for my parents. They have worked so hard and they deserve a comfortable place to live."

问题：

请分析这句话中虚拟语气的用法。

根据材料内容，说说 Tom 的愿望是什么？

答案：

这句话使用了虚拟语气中与现在事实相反的情况。在 if 引导的非真实条件状语从句中，从句 “If I had a million dollars” 谓语用了过去式 had，因为 “有一百万美元” 与现在事实不符；主句 “I would buy a big house for my parents” 谓语用了 “would + 动词原形”，这种结构符合虚拟语气在与现在事实相反的条件状语从句中的用法。

Tom 的愿望是有一百万美元，然后给父母买一所大房子，让他们能有一个舒适的居住地方，这体现了他对父母的孝心。

材料二：

Lily regretted not going to the party last night. She said, "If I had gone to the party, I would have met my old friends. I really missed that chance."

问题：

请分析这句话中虚拟语气的用法。

根据材料内容，说说 Lily 的心情是怎样的？

答案：

这句话使用了虚拟语气中与过去事实相反的情况。从句 “If I had gone to the party” 谓语用了过去完成时（had + 过去分词 gone），因为 “去派对” 是对过去情况的假设；主句 “I would have met my old friends” 谓语用了 “would + have + 过去分词”，这种结构符合虚拟语气在与过去事实相反的条件状语从句中的用法。

Lily 的心情是后悔的。她因为昨晚没去派对而错过了见到老朋友的机会，从她所说的话可以看出她对错过这个机会感到很遗憾。

来源：鲁克luck一点号