摘要：这张2025年8月7日的卫星图像显示，在美国得克萨斯州埃尔帕索市郊外的布利斯堡陆军基地，工人们正在为一座新的移民拘留中心搭建大型白色帐篷。这座耗资12亿美元的设施建成后，预计可关押多达5000名等待驱逐出境的移民，将成为美国规模最大的此类设施。

美军花12亿美元在得州陆军基地建设的最大移民拘留营

一、美军花12亿美元建关押无证移民的最大拘留中心

这张2025年8月7日的卫星图像显示，在美国得克萨斯州埃尔帕索市郊外的布利斯堡陆军基地，工人们正在为一座新的移民拘留中心搭建大型白色帐篷。这座耗资12亿美元的设施建成后，预计可关押多达5000名等待驱逐出境的移民，将成为美国规模最大的此类设施。

据美联社2025年8月29日报道，上个月，唐纳德·特朗普政府签署了一份价值高达12亿美元的合同，用于建造并运营据称将美国最大的移民拘留综合体。然而，政府并未将该项目交给大型政府承包商，甚至未交给专攻私营监狱的公司。

相反，政府将这个位于军事基地的项目交给了“采购物流有限责任公司”的一家小型企业。该公司没有公开运营惩戒设施的经验，此前赢得的联邦合同金额均未超过1600万美元，甚至连一个能正常访问的官网都没有。其登记地址是弗吉尼亚州郊区一栋普通住宅，业主是一位77岁的退休海军飞行军官。

随着这座新设施上周开始接收首批被拘留者，这份合同背后的谜团愈发浓厚。美国国防部拒绝公开合同内容，也不愿解释为何在十多家竞标者中选择“采购物流有限责任公司”，让其在得克萨斯州西部的布利斯堡建造这座大型帐篷营地。目前至少有一家竞标失败的公司已提起投诉。

专家表示，这一隐秘且仓促的合同签订流程，折射出政府正急于兑现特朗普的承诺：逮捕并驱逐约1000万名在美国无永久合法身份的移民。在这一过程中，政府正越来越多地依靠军方来处理传统上由民事机构负责的事务。

一位选区包含布利斯堡的近期视察过该营地的民主党众议员维罗妮卡·埃斯科瓦尔表示，她对如此重要的项目交给一家规模小、经验不足的公司感到担忧。这座设施预计将容纳多达5000名移民。她说：“标准很容易打折扣，私营设施往往更看重利润率，这与政府运营的设施截然不同。”

专攻联邦合同法的律师约书亚·施内尔表示，特朗普政府对该设施的信息披露极少，这让他感到不安。他说：“这份合同缺乏透明度，这引发了合理的疑问：为何陆军会将如此大额的合同交给一家连官网都没有、也没有任何公开信息能证明其有能力完成此类复杂项目的公司？”

弗吉尼亚州里士满郊区的这所住宅被登记为“采购物流有限责任公司”总部

二、公司的能力引质疑，但陆军拒绝公开合同细节

“采购物流有限责任公司”总裁兼首席执行官肯·A·瓦格纳未回复美联社的电话留言或电子邮件。记者前往该公司登记的总部地址瓦格纳的三居室住宅探访时，无人应门。弗吉尼亚州的记录显示瓦格纳是该公司的所有者，但目前尚不清楚他是否有合作伙伴。

国防部长皮特·赫格塞斯已批准将布利斯堡用于建造这座新拘留中心，政府还计划在其他军事基地建造更多类似设施。陆军发言人以涉及该公司资质的诉讼为由，拒绝讨论与“采购物流有限责任公司”的合作细节，也不愿透露营地建设的具体信息。

美国移民与海关执法局(ICE)的上级领导机关美国国土安全部三周来一直拒绝回答有关该拘留营地的问题。该营地由ICE负责监管。本文在8月28日发表后，国土安全部发言人特里西亚·麦克劳克林发表声明称：“在特朗普总统的领导下，我们正以最快速度，通过高性价比且具创新性的方式，兑现对美国民众的承诺：大规模驱逐犯有罪行的非法移民。”

她表示，布利斯堡拘留设施“将提供所有传统ICE拘留设施具备的服务，包括获得法律代理和法律图书馆使用权、探访机会、休闲空间、医疗区域，以及营养均衡的膳食”。

该设施因邻近的道路而被命名为“东蒙大拿营地”，建在奇瓦瓦沙漠的沙地和灌木丛中。这里夏季气温常超过37.8摄氏度，热射病致死事件频发。这片占地约24公顷的场地靠近美墨边境和埃尔帕索国际机场。后者是驱逐移民航班的重要枢纽机场。

该营地让人联想到耗资2.45亿美元、建在佛罗里达大沼泽地的帐篷式ICE拘留综合体“短吻鳄阿尔卡特拉斯”。该设施因卫生条件恶劣屡遭投诉，并卷入多起诉讼。近期，一名联邦法官已下令关闭该设施。

ICE目前关押的约5.7万名移民中，绝大多数被安置在私营监狱中，这些监狱由佛罗里达州的Geo集团（Geo Group）、田纳西州的CoreCivic公司等企业运营。随着这些设施人满为患，ICE还在探索在加利福尼亚州、纽约州和犹他州的军事基地设立临时拘留点的可能性。

在7月18日与陆军签署合同后，布利斯堡的建设工作数天内便启动了。而场地前期准备工作在数月前就已开始，当时国会尚未通过特朗普的大规模税收和支出削减法案，该法案包含一笔创纪录的450亿美元移民拘留资金。美国国防部的公告仅明确表示，陆军为该综合体首批1000个床位提供了2.32亿美元初始资金。

倡导组织“拘留观察”的发言人塞塔雷·甘德哈里表示，使用军事基地关押移民的做法让人联想到二战时期：当时日裔美国人曾被关押在包括布利斯堡在内的陆军营地中。她指出，军事设施尤其容易发生虐待和忽视问题，因为家属和亲友难以接触到被关押者。

甘德哈里说：“所有拘留设施的条件本质上都很恶劣，但当接触和监督变得更少时，发生更多虐待行为的可能性更会增加。”

公司选在与墨西哥为邻的得克萨斯埃尔帕索以方便关押和遣返无证移民

三、公司能否既承担安保工作，又确保移民应有权利？

6月9日发布的布利斯堡项目招标公告明确规定，承包商需负责建造和运营该拘留中心，包括提供安保和医疗服务。公告还要求严格保密，指令承包商在接到国会议员或新闻媒体的问询时，需通报ICE并由其回应。

此次招标仅面向“采购物流有限责任公司”这类小型企业。该公司因被归类为“退伍军人所有、西班牙裔所有的小型弱势企业”，享有优先竞标资格。

尽管特朗普政府一直寻求禁止“多元化、公平与包容”相关的项目，但联邦采购规则中仍包含为女性或少数族裔所有的小型企业预留名额的条款。一家企业要参与此类合同竞标，其51%以上的股权必须由联邦政府指定的弱势种族或族裔群体成员持有。

竞标失败的企业之一得克萨斯州的“双子座科技服务公司”已向美国政府问责局提起抗议，对合同授予结果及陆军仓促的建设时间表提出质疑。美国政府问责局是国会下属的独立监督机构，负责解决此类争议。

一位了解投诉内容但未获授权公开讨论此事的匿名人士透露，双子座公司指控“采购物流有限责任公司”缺乏完成该项目所需的经验、人员和资源。联邦记录显示，“采购物流有限责任公司”过往的业务包括为空军维修小型船只、为国防部提供信息技术支持，以及建造临时办公场所以协助移民执法工作。

美国政府问责局预计将在11月前就是否支持和驳回该抗议或要求采取纠正措施做出裁决。此外，华盛顿一家美国联邦法院也正在审理相关法律上诉。在8月28日的一次秘密听证会上，该案法官驳回了一项要求暂停该场地建设的动议。

合同法律师施内尔表示：“采购物流有限责任公司”可能正与某家大型企业合作。美国最大的营利性监狱运营商吉奥集团股份有限公司（吉奥集团Geo Group Inc.）和核心民事公司（CoreCivic）此前已表示有意与国防部合作，承接移民关押业务。

在本月的一次收益电话会议上，吉奥集团执行主席乔治·佐利表示，该公司已与一家有经验的国防部承包商建立合作关系但他未透露合作公司名称。

CoreCivic公司的发言人表示，该公司未与“采购物流有限责任公司”或“双子座科技服务公司”建立合作关系。

Mystery surrounds $1.2 billion Army contract to build huge detention tent camp in Texas desert. By MICHAEL BIESECKER and JOSHUA GOODMAN on AP. August 29, 2025

When President Donald Trump’s administration last month awarded a contract worth up to $1.2 billion to build and operate what it says will become the nation’s largest immigration detention complex, it didn’t turn to a large government contractor or even a firm that specializes in private prisons.

Instead, it handed the project on a military base to Acquisition Logistics LLC, a small business that has no listed experience running a correction facility and had never won a federal contract worth more than $16 million. The company also lacks a functioning website and lists as its address a modest home in suburban Virginia owned by a 77-year-old retired Navy flight officer.

The mystery over the award only deepened last week as the new facility began to accept its first detainees. The Pentagon has refused to release the contract or explain why it selected Acquisition Logistics over a dozen other bidders to build the massive tent camp at Fort Bliss in West Texas. At least one competitor has filed a complaint.

The secretive — and brisk — contracting process is emblematic, experts said, of the government’s broader rush to fulfill the Republican president’s pledge to arrest and deport an estimated 10 million migrants living in the U.S. without permanent legal status. As part of that push, the government is turning increasingly to the military to handle tasks that had traditionally been left to civilian agencies.

A member of Congress who recently toured the camp said she was concerned that such a small and inexperienced firm had been entrusted to build and run a facility expected to house up to 5,000 migrants.

“It’s far too easy for standards to slip,” said Rep. Veronica Escobar, a Democrat whose district includes Fort Bliss. “Private facilities far too frequently operate with a profit margin in mind as opposed to a governmental facility.”

Attorney Joshua Schnell, who specializes in federal contracting law, said he was troubled that the Trump administration has provided so little information about the facility.

“The lack of transparency about this contract leads to legitimate questions about why the Army would award such a large contract to a company without a website or any other publicly available information demonstrating its ability to perform such a complicated project,” he said.

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Ken A. Wagner, the president and CEO of Acquisition Logistics, did not respond to phone messages or emails. No one answered the door at his three-bedroom house listed as his company’s headquarters. Virginia records list Wagner as an owner of the business, though it’s unclear whether he might have partners.

Army declines to release contract

Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth approved using Fort Bliss for the new detention center, and the administration has hopes to build more at other bases. A spokesperson for the Army declined to discuss its deal with Acquisition Logistics or reveal details about the camp’s construction, citing the litigation over the company’s qualifications.

The Department of Homeland Security, which includes U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, declined for three weeks to answer questions about the detention camp it oversees. After this story was published Thursday, the department’s spokeswoman, Tricia McLaughlin, issued a statement that said “under President Trump’s leadership, we are working at turbo speed on cost-effective and innovative ways to deliver on the American people’s mandate for mass deportations of criminal illegal aliens.”

She said the Fort Bliss facility “will offer everything a traditional ICE detention facility offers, including access to legal representation and a law library, access to visitation, recreational space, medical treatment space and nutritionally balanced meals.”

Named Camp East Montana for the closest road, the facility is being built in the sand and scrub Chihuahuan Desert, where summertime temperatures can exceed 100 degrees Fahrenheit and heat-related deaths are common. The 60-acre (24-hectare) site is near the U.S.-Mexico border and the El Paso International Airport, a key hub for deportation flights.

The camp has drawn comparisons to “Alligator Alcatraz,” a $245 million tent complex erected to hold ICE detainees in the Florida Everglades. That facility has been the subject of complaints about unsanitary conditions and lawsuits. A federal judge recently ordered that facility to be shut down.

The vast majority of the roughly 57,000 migrants detained by ICE are housed at private prisons operated by companies like Florida’s Geo Group and Tennessee-based CoreCivic. As those facilities fill up, ICE is also exploring temporary options at military bases in California, New York and Utah.

At Fort Bliss, construction began within days of the Army issuing the contract on July 18. Site work began months earlier, before Congress had passed Trump’s big tax and spending cuts bill, which includes a record $45 billion for immigration detention. The Defense Department announcement specified only that the Army was financing the initial $232 million for the first 1,000 beds at the complex.

Three white tents, each about 810 feet (250 meters) long, have been erected, according to satellite imagery examined by The Associated Press. A half dozen smaller buildings surround them.

Setareh Ghandehari, a spokesperson for the advocacy group Detention Watch, said the use of military bases hearkens back to World War II, when Japanese Americans were imprisoned at Army camps including Fort Bliss. She said military facilities are especially prone to abuse and neglect because families and loved ones have difficulty accessing them.

“Conditions at all detention facilities are inherently awful,” Ghandehari said. “But when there’s less access and oversight, it creates the potential for even more abuse.”

Company will be responsible for security

A June 9 solicitation notice for the Fort Bliss project specified the contractor will be responsible for building and operating the detention center, including providing security and medical care. The document also requires strict secrecy, ordering the contractor inform ICE to respond to any calls from members of Congress or the news media.

The bidding was open only to small firms such as Acquisition Logistics, which receives preferential status because it’s classified as a veteran and Hispanic-owned small disadvantaged business.

Though Trump’s administration has fought to ban diversity, equity and inclusion programs, federal contracting rules include set-asides for small businesses owned by women or minorities. For a firm to compete for such contracts, at least 51% of it must be owned by people belonging to a federally designated disadvantaged racial or ethnic group.

One of the losing bidders, Texas-based Gemini Tech Services, filed a protest challenging the award and the Army’s rushed construction timeline with the U.S. Government Accountability Office, Congress’ independent oversight arm that resolves such disputes.

Gemini alleges Acquisition Logistics lacks the experience, staffing and resources to perform the work, according to a person familiar with the complaint who wasn’t authorized to discuss the matter and spoke on the condition of anonymity. Acquisition Logistics’ past jobs include repairing small boats for the Air Force, providing information technology support to the Defense Department and building temporary offices to aid with immigration enforcement, federal records show.

Gemini and its lawyer didn’t respond to messages seeking comment.

A ruling by the GAO on whether to sustain, dismiss or require corrective action is not expected before November. A legal appeal is also pending with a U.S. federal court in Washington.

A judge in that case denied a motion that sought to freeze construction at the site at a sealed hearing Thursday.

Schnell, the contracting lawyer, said Acquisitions Logistics may be working with a larger company. Geo Group Inc. and CoreCivic Corp., the nation’s biggest for-profit prison operators, have expressed interest in contracting with the Pentagon to house migrants.

In an earnings call this month, Geo Group Executive Chairman George Zoley said his company had teamed up with an established Pentagon contractor. Zoley didn’t name the company, and Geo Group didn’t respond to repeated requests asking with whom it had partnered.

A spokesperson for CoreCivic said it wasn’t partnering with Acquisition Logistics or Gemini.

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