摘要：2025年6月10日，复宏汉霖（2696.HK）宣布，公司基于与宜联生物的合作开发的靶向程序性死亡-配体1（PD-L1）的新型抗体偶联药物（ADC）注射用HLX43在晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者中开展的国际多中心II期临床研究（HLX43-NSCLC20
2025年6月10日，复宏汉霖（2696.HK）宣布，公司基于与宜联生物的合作开发的靶向程序性死亡-配体1（PD-L1）的新型抗体偶联药物（ADC）注射用HLX43在晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者中开展的国际多中心II期临床研究（HLX43-NSCLC201）于中国完成首例受试者给药。在刚刚召开的2025 美国临床肿瘤学会（ASCO）年会上，HLX43的I期临床数据首次发布，显示出令人鼓舞的初步疗效和安全性，对鳞状/非鳞状NSCLC，有无EGFR突变、有无脑/肝转移、PD-L1阳性/阴性的NSCLC患者都展现了优异的治疗潜力。目前，全球尚无同类靶向PD-L1的ADC产品获批上市，HLX43为全球首个进入临床II期的PD-L1 ADC。
广谱抗肿瘤ADC，
剑指实体瘤全人群生存突破
近年来，以抗PD-(L)1抗体为代表的免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）促进了肿瘤免疫治疗的高速发展，成为肿瘤患者各线治疗的主要手段之一。然而，部分患者对该疗法无响应，或者出现耐药[1]。对于免疫治疗耐药或经免疫治疗等标准治疗失败后的患者人群，尚缺少有效的后线治疗方案。ADC作为当下肿瘤治疗中疗效最突出的新型疗法，已在乳腺癌、肺癌、食管癌、胃癌等多项实体瘤中展现出令人振奋的治疗潜力，成为重要的探索方向[2]。而PD-L1作为一个泛肿瘤靶点，在非小细胞肺癌、头颈鳞癌、结直肠癌、三阴性乳腺癌、黑色素瘤等癌种中均有表达，部分瘤种阳性率（高表达+中低表达）超过50%，在肺癌上更高达70%，且在正常组织中表达有限，使其成为开发ADC药物的潜力靶点，为肿瘤治疗带来新的途径[3]据GLOBOCAN最新数据显示，肺癌是全球发病率和死亡率最高的癌症，2022年全球约有超过248万新发肺癌病例，占癌症新发病例的12.4%[4]，其中非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）是最常见的肺癌类型（约85%）。大部分肺癌患者确诊时已处于疾病晚期阶段[5]，存在巨大的尚未满足的临床需求。根据病理类型，NSCLC又可分为鳞状细胞癌（约30%）、肺腺癌（约50%）等，尽管针对EGFR等驱动基因突变（AGA）的靶向治疗方案已经趋于成熟，但在全部NSCLC患者中，EGFR野生型占比高达70%-85%，涵盖几乎所有的鳞癌患者和50-55%的肺腺癌患者[6]。当前疗效优异的产品仍较少，特别在2L+人等后线人群治疗上，仍主要依赖于多西他赛为基础的化疗方案，后线治疗的效果有限[7,8]。NSCLC疗效显著，
全球首款进入II期临床的PD-L1 ADC
HLX43是一款靶向程序性死亡-配体1（PD-L1）的新型ADC候选药物，由全人源IgG1抗PD-L1抗体与创新连接子-拓扑异构酶抑制剂荷载偶联而成，药物抗体比（drug-to-antibody ratio, DAR）约为8。HLX43兼具毒素精准杀伤和肿瘤免疫作用的复合功能：其毒素不仅能够藉靶点内吞进入肿瘤细胞后进行释放，并在肿瘤微环境中释放后借助旁观者效应进入肿瘤细胞，阻断DNA复制，从而导致肿瘤细胞凋亡；此外，HLX43的PD-L1靶向抗体可激活免疫调节机制，发挥协同抗肿瘤效应。临床前及I期临床研究显示，HLX43具有显著的抗肿瘤疗效，且安全性良好。2.0 mg/kg每三周输注一次HLX43时，晚期NSCLC患者经研究者评估的ORR为38.1%，对于四线及更后线治疗的难治NSCLC患者，ORR仍可达38.5%。 其中鳞状非小细胞肺癌sqNSCLC（n=15）和非鳞状非小细胞肺癌nsqNSCLC（n=6）患者的客观缓解率（ORR）分别为40%和33.3%，并实现了73.3%和100%的疾病控制。值得关注的是，脑转移NSCLC患者全部得到疾病控制（DCR=100%）。相关临床前及I期临床研究数据分别于2023欧洲肿瘤内科学会（ESMO）大会和2025 美国临床肿瘤学会 （ASCO）年会上发布。
作为全球率先进入临床阶段的靶向PD-L1的ADC产品，HLX43于2023年相继获得中国药品监督管理局（NMPA）、美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）的临床试验许可，目前已进入II期临床开发阶段，广泛覆盖非小细胞肺癌、胸腺鳞癌、肝细胞癌、食管鳞癌、头颈鳞癌、宫颈癌、鼻咽癌等实体瘤的治疗。单药之外，HLX43联用复宏汉霖自研斯鲁利单抗（H药汉斯状，抗PD-1单抗）治疗实体瘤的 Ib/II 期临床试验也正在进行中，进一步探索“ADC+IO”的协同抗肿瘤疗效。HLX43不仅可能克服PD-1/L1免疫疗法不响应或耐药问题，并对化疗、TKI治疗失败的患者都具有潜在疗效，有望为更多晚期/转移性实体瘤患者带来新的治疗选择。
未来，复宏汉霖将持续立足于未满足的临床需求，充分发挥公司在抗体药物和抗体偶联药物领域的一体化平台优势，加速推动更多前沿治疗方案的研究和开发，为全球患者带来更多高质量、可负担的创新治疗方案。
HLX43-NSCLC201
本研究为一项评估HLX43在晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者的开放、国际多中心II期临床试验，旨在评估HLX43在晚期NSCLC患者中的有效性和安全性。研究分为两个阶段：第一阶段将进行剂量探索，以选择合适的HLX43剂量进行第二阶段研究。第二阶段为单臂、多中心II期临床研究。本研究的主要研究目的为评估HLX43在晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）中的临床疗效，次要研究目的为安全性、耐受性、药代动力学特征、免疫原性，以及探索潜在预测性或耐药性生物标志物。主要研究终点为由盲态独立中心审查委员会根据RECIST v1.1标准评估的客观缓解率。
关于复宏汉霖
复宏汉霖（2696.HK）是一家国际化的创新生物制药公司，致力于为全球患者提供可负担的高品质生物药，产品覆盖肿瘤、自身免疫疾病、眼科疾病等领域，已有6款产品在中国获批上市，4款产品在国际获批上市，5个上市申请分别获中国药监局、美国FDA和欧盟EMA受理。自2010年成立以来，复宏汉霖已建成一体化生物制药平台，高效及创新的自主核心能力贯穿研发、生产及商业运营全产业链。公司已建立完善高效的全球创新中心，按照国际药品生产质量管理规范（GMP）标准进行生产和质量管控，不断夯实一体化综合生产平台，其中，公司商业化生产基地已相继获得中国、欧盟和美国GMP认证。
复宏汉霖前瞻性布局了一个多元化、高质量的产品管线，涵盖约50个分子，并全面推进基于自有抗PD-1单抗H药汉斯状的肿瘤免疫联合疗法。截至目前，公司已获批上市产品包括国内首个生物类似药汉利康（利妥昔单抗）、自主研发的中美欧三地获批单抗生物类似药汉曲优（曲妥珠单抗，美国商品名：HERCESSI，欧洲商品名：Zercepac）、汉达远（阿达木单抗）、汉贝泰（贝伐珠单抗）、全球首个获批一线治疗小细胞肺癌的抗PD-1单抗汉斯状（斯鲁利单抗，欧洲商品名：Hetronifly）以及汉奈佳（奈拉替尼）。公司亦同步就19个产品在全球范围内开展30多项临床试验，对外授权全面覆盖欧美主流生物药市场和众多新兴市场。
First Subject Dosed for a Phase 2 MRCT of Henlius’ PD-L1-Targeting ADC HLX43 for the Treatment of NSCLC
Shanghai, China, June 10, 2025 — Shanghai Henlius Biotech, Inc. (2696.HK) announced that the first subject has been dosed for HLX43-NSCLC201, a phase 2 international muticenter clinical trial of HLX43, the novel Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1)-targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that developed by the company based on the collaboration with MediLink Therapeutics, for the treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The results from the phase 1 clinical trial of HLX43 has been first released at the 2025 ASCO Annual Meeting，demonstrating manageable safety profile and encouraging efficacy across multiple tumor types, particularly in various types of NSCLC, including squamous and non-squamous NSCLC patients (sqNSCLC and nsqNSCLC), patients with or without EGFR mutation, patients with or without brain/liver metastasis, and PD-L1 positive or negative patients. At present, no PD-L1 targeting ADC has been approved for marketing globally. HLX43 is the first PD-L1 ADC progressed to phase 2 clinical trial development globally.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors represented by PD-（L）1 monoclonal antibodies have emerged in recent years and revolutionised all lines of treatment for tumor patients. However, there are still many patients with positive PD-L1 expression who do not respond to or develop resistance to PD-1/PD-L1-targeted therapy [1]. To date, there has been no subsequent-line treatment for patients who are resistant to PD-1/L1 immunotherapy or failed to benefit from the standard treatments including immunotherapy, indicating a significant unmet medical need to further improve the clinical benefits for these patients. As a novel targeting therapy with the most prominent anti-tumor efficacy, ADCs have shown preliminary therapeutic potential in the treatment of multiple advanced solid tumors, such as breast cancer (BC), lung cancer (LC), esophageal cancer (EC) and gastric cancer (GC), making it a promising therapeutic in solid tumors [2]. PD-L1 is expressed in patients across a broad spectrum of tumor types including NSCLC, colorectal cancer (CRC), triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The prevalence of PD-L1 expression is over 50% in multiple tumor types, with lung cancer up to 70%. And it displays limited expression on normal tissues, highlighting the potential of PD-L1 as a target for ADCs, which may bring new options for cancer treatment [3]Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide in terms of incidence and mortality. According to GLOBOCAN 2022, there were over 2.48 million new cases of lung cancer globally in 2022, accounting for 12.4% of all new cancer cases [4]. Most lung cancer patients are diagnosed at advanced stages [5], indicating a significant unmet clinical need. By histology, NSCLC can be classified into squamous cell carcinoma (approximately 30%), adenocarcinoma (approximately 50%) and other subtypes including large cell carcinoma. While targeted therapies for driver gene mutations, such as EGFR, have become well-established, EGFR wild-type cases account for 70%-85% of all NSCLC patients, including nearly all squamous cell carcinoma cases and 50-55% of adenocarcinoma cases [6]. Currently, the treatment landscape of EGFR wild-type NSCLC remains limited by a scarcity of highly effective options, particularly in second-line and later (2L+) therapy, where docetaxel-based chemotherapy continues to serve as the standard of care despite its suboptimal efficacy [7,8].HLX43 is a novel PD-L1 directed ADC, composed of a fully humanized anti-PD-L1 IgG1 antibody, a novel tripeptide linker and topoisomerase inhibitor payload. The drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR) is around 8. Its mechanisms of action integrate targeted cytotoxic delivery and immune checkpoint activation through PD-L1/PD-1 blockade. Upon binding to tumor cells with PD-L1 expression, the cytotoxic payload of HLX43 will be delivered into tumor cells via dual mechanisms. HLX43 will undergo receptor-mediated endocytosis, releasing the cytotoxic payload intracellularly via linker cleavage, and the payload further diffuses into neighboring tumor cells via bystander effect, thereby blocking DNA replication and triggering tumor cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, the anti-PD-L1 antibody of HLX43 activates immune modulation and blocks immune checkpoints, driving synergistic anti-tumor efficacy. Preclinical and phase 1 studies have demonstrated that, HLX43 has a favorable safety profile and exhibited potent anti-tumor activity. Investigator-evaluated ORR for the phase 1b 2.0 mg/kg cohort was 38.1%, and ORR reached 38.5% in heavily pre-treated NSCLC patients (≥ 4L). ORRs in the sqNSCLC (n=15) and nsqNSCLC (n=6) patients reached 40% and 33.3%, with 73.3% and 100% for the DCRs of the two subgroups of patients, respectively. Notably, the DCR in NSCLC patients with brain metastasis reached 100%. The results of the pre-clinical studies and phase 1 clinical trial were published at the 2023 ESMO Congress as well as the 2025 ASCO Annual Meeting.
HLX43 is the leading ADC targeting PD-L1 that is progressing to phase 2 clinical development globally. It has received investigational new drug (IND) approvals from the China National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Currently, HLX43 is being investigated in phase 2 clinical trials for a variety of solid tumor indications including NSCLC, thymic squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) , hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), cervical cancer (CC) and nasopharynx cancer (NPC). Both monotherapy studies and a phase 1b/2 trial combining HLX43 with serplulimab (HANSIZHUANG, Henlius’ proprietary anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody) are ongoing simultaneously to further exploit the synergistic effects of ADC-mediated cytotoxicity and immunotherapy-induced immune activation. HLX43 may benefit more patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors by providing a novel treatment option for those who are unresponsive or have developed resistance to PD-1/PD-L1-targeted therapies, as well as the patients who have failed prior chemotherapy or TKI therapies.
With a particular focus on addressing the unmet medical needs, Henlius will further take efforts to accelerate the R&D of more cutting-edge therapeutic options and promote the layout of our innovative portfolio based on the company’s competitive edge of an integrated antibody drug R&D platform, bringing more high-quality and affordable therapeutics for patients worldwide.
This is an open-label, multi-center, global phase 2 clinical study to evaluate HLX43 in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of HLX43 in advanced NSCLCpatients. It consists of two parts: Part 1, which focuses on dose exploration to identify the optimal HLX43 dosage for Part 2, and Part 2, which is a single arm, multi-center phase 2 clinical trial. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of HLX43 in advanced NSCLCpatients. The secondary objectives are to assess safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity, and to explore potential predictive or resistance biomarkers. The primary endpoint of the study is objective response rate evaluated by the Blinded Independent Central Review (BICR) according to RECIST v1.1.
About Henlius
Henlius (2696.HK) is a global biopharmaceutical company with the vision to offer high-quality, affordable and innovative biologic medicines for patients worldwide with a focus on oncology, autoimmune diseases and ophthalmic diseases. Up to date, 6 products have been launched in China, 4 have been approved for marketing in overseas markets, and 5 marketing applications have been accepted for review in China, the U.S. and the EU, respectively. Since its inception in 2010, Henlius has built an integrated biopharmaceutical platform with core capabilities of high-efficiency and innovation embedded throughout the whole product life cycle including R&D, manufacturing and commercialization. It has established global innovation centre and Shanghai-based commercial manufacturing facilities certificated by China, the EU and U.S. GMP.
Henlius has pro-actively built a diversified and high-quality product pipeline covering about 50 molecules and has continued to explore immuno-oncology combination therapies with proprietary HANSIZHUANG (anti-PD-1 mAb) as the backbone. To date, the company's launched products include HANLIKANG (rituximab), the first China-developed biosimilar, HANQUYOU (trastuzumab, trade name: HERCESSI in the U.S., Zercepac in Europe), a China-developed mAb biosimilar approved in China, Europe and U.S., HANDAYUAN (adalimumab), HANBEITAI (bevacizumab), HANSIZHUANG (serplulimab, trade name: Hetronifly in Europe), the world’s first anti-PD-1 mAb for the first-line treatment of SCLC, and HANNAIJIA (neratinib). What’s more, Henlius has conducted over 30 clinical studies for 19 products, expanding its presence in major markets as well as emerging markets.
References
[1] Attili I, et al. Strategies to overcome resistance to immune checkpoint blockade in lung cancer[J]. Lung cancer: Journal of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, 2021(154-):154.
[2] He J, et al. Antibody-drug conjugates in cancer therapy: mechanisms and clinical studies. MedComm (2020). 2024 Jul 28;5(8):e671.
[3] O'Malley DP, et al. Immunohistochemical detection of PD-L1 among diverse human neoplasms in a reference laboratory: observations based upon 62,896 cases. Mod Pathol. 2019 Jul;32(7):929-942.
[4] Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024;74(3):229-263.
[5] Robinson CG, et al. Postoperative Radiotherapy for Pathologic N2 Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Adjuvant Chemotherapy: A Review of the National Cancer Data Base. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2015, 33(8): 870-876.
[6] Chan BA, Hughes BG. Targeted therapy for non-small cell lung cancer: current standards and the promise of the future. Transl Lung Cancer Res. 2015 Feb;4(1):36-54.
[7] 中国临床肿瘤学会 中国临床肿瘤学会(CSCO).(2024)非小细胞肺癌诊疗指南
[8] NCCN Guidelines Version 3. 2025, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
来源：动态宝
