摘要：On the social media service X, which he owns, Musk said: "We've got three humans with Neuralinks and all are working well." Neural
Businessman Elon Musk said a third person has had a special electronic device directly connected to their brain.
商人埃隆·马斯克表示，当前已经有第三个人的大脑直接连接了一个特殊的电子设备。
The unidentified person received an implant from Musk's company Neuralink, which makes devices that link the human brain to computers.
这名身份不明的患者接受了马斯克的Neuralink公司的植入物，该公司生产将人脑与电脑连接起来的设备。
Neuralink is one of many groups working to connect the human nervous system to machines.
Neuralink是众多致力于将人类神经系统与机器连接起来的组织之一。
On the social media service X, which he owns, Musk said: "We've got three humans with Neuralinks and all are working well." Neuralink announced its first brain implant one year ago.
马斯克在他拥有的社交媒体服务X上表示：“我们有三名使用Neuralinks的人都表现良好。"Neuralink在一年前宣布了他们的第一个脑部植入案例。
Recently, Musk said the company has improved its devices.
最近，马斯克表示该公司已经改进了其设备。
Musk also said Neuralink hopes to implant the experimental devices in 20 to 30 more people this year.
马斯克还表示，Neuralink希望今年能再给20到30人植入这种实验设备。
The Second patient reportedly has a spinal cord injury and got the implant last summer.
据报道，第二名患者患有脊髓损伤，并于去年夏天接受了植入。
The person was playing video games with the help of the device and learning how to use design software.
这个人在设备的帮助下玩电子游戏，学习如何使用设计软件。
The first patient, also paralyzed after a spinal cord injury, said it helped him play video games and chess.
第一个病人也因脊髓损伤而瘫痪，他说植入帮助他可以玩电子游戏和国际象棋。
Many other companies and research groups are working on similar projects.
许多其他公司和研究小组也在研究类似的项目。
Two studies published last year in the New England Journal of Medicine describe how brain-computer interfaces, known as BCIs, helped people with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) communicate better.
去年发表在《新英格兰医学杂志》上的两项研究描述了脑机接口如何帮助肌萎缩性侧索硬化症（ALS）患者更好地沟通。
ALS is a nervous system disease that affects cells in the brain and spinal cord.
ALS是一种影响大脑和脊髓细胞的神经系统疾病。
Nature magazine reported last September that there were published results from 28 trials worldwide of BCIs over the past 25 years.
去年9月，《自然》杂志报道称，在过去25年里，全球发表了28项脑机接口试验的结果。
Rajesh Rao is co-director of the Center for Neurotechnology at the University of Washington.
拉杰什·拉奥是华盛顿大学神经技术中心的联合主任。
Rao said that many research laboratories have already shown that humans can control computer cursors using BCIs.
拉奥说，许多研究实验室已经表明人类可以使用脑机接口控制电脑光标。
Rao said Neuralink might be different from the others in two ways.
拉奥说，Neuralink可能在两个方面与其他公司不同。
First, the surgery to implant the device is the first to use a robot to implant flexible electrical connectors into a human brain to record brain signals and to control devices.
首先，植入设备的手术是第一次使用机器人将柔性电气接头植入人脑，以记录大脑信号并控制设备。
Second, those connectors might record from more parts of the brain than interfaces from other research efforts.
其次，与其他研究成果的接口相比，这些连接器可能会从更多的大脑部位进行记录。
Rao said other companies such as Synchron, Blackrock Neurotech and Onward Medical are carrying out BCI tests on people using methods that are different from Neuralink.
拉奥表示，Synchron、Blackrock Neurotech和Onward Medical等其他公司也在使用不同于Neuralink的方法对人进行脑接口测试。
Marco Baptista is chief scientific officer of the Christopher and Dana Reeve Foundation.
马可·巴普蒂斯塔是克里斯托弗和达纳·里夫基金会的首席科学官。
He called BCI technology "very exciting" with possible benefits to people with paralysis.
他称脑机接口技术“非常令人兴奋”，可能会给瘫痪患者带来好处。
Through clinical tests, "we'll be able to see what's going to be the winning approach," he said.
通过临床试验，“我们将能够看到什么是成功的方法，”他说。
"It's a little early to know." A clinical trial follows established rules on how to design an experiment involving human subjects.
“现在下结论还为时过早。”临床试验遵循关于如何设计涉及人类受试者的实验的既定规则。
Neuralink announced in 2023 that it had received permission from U.S. officials to begin testing its device in people.
Neuralink于2023年宣布，它已获得美国官员的许可，开始在人体上测试其设备。
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for approving the sale of medical devices.
美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）负责批准医疗器械的销售。
Dr. Rita Redberg studies high-risk devices at the University of California, San Francisco.
丽塔·雷德伯格博士在加州大学旧金山分校研究高风险设备。
Redberg said that most medical devices go on the market without clinical trials.
雷德伯格说，大多数医疗设备在没有临床试验的情况下就进入了市场。
However, high-risk devices that are seeking approval from the FDA before they go on the market need what is called an "investigational device exemption." Neuralink says it has this exemption.
然而，在进入市场之前寻求FDA批准的高风险设备需要所谓的“研究设备豁免”。Neuralink表示它有这项豁免。
I'm Jill Robbins.
吉尔·罗宾斯报道。
来源：英语东