摘要：视网膜疾病（如糖尿病视网膜病变、青光眼、年龄相关性黄斑变性等）的发病机制复杂，主要包括微血管损伤、慢性炎症、神经退行性变及氧化应激等。例如，糖尿病视网膜病变中，高血糖引发炎症因子（如IL-1β、TNF-α）释放，破坏血视网膜屏障；正常眼压性青光眼则涉及视网膜神

视网膜疾病（如糖尿病视网膜病变、青光眼、年龄相关性黄斑变性等）的发病机制复杂，主要包括微血管损伤、慢性炎症、神经退行性变及氧化应激等。例如，糖尿病视网膜病变中，高血糖引发炎症因子（如IL-1β、TNF-α）释放，破坏血视网膜屏障；正常眼压性青光眼则涉及视网膜神经节细胞（RGC）的自噬、谷氨酸毒性及线粒体功能障碍。

视网膜疾病的潜在疗法包括：抗炎治疗、抗氧化与神经保护、基因与纳米技术、精准医疗等。这些策略为视网膜疾病的治疗提供了新方向，但仍需进一步临床验证。

为此，选择本刊学者2023-2024年发表的视网膜疾病的神经病理机制和潜在疗法研究热点综述文章5篇，推荐读者阅读。

(1) Interplay between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system after transplantation: implications for advanced cell therapy in the retina

间充质基质细胞移植后与免疫系统的相互作用：对视网膜高级细胞疗法的影响

María Norte-Muñoz 1, David García-Bernal 2, Diego García-Ayuso 1, Manuel Vidal-Sanz 1, Marta Agudo-Barriuso 1

1Grupo de Investigación Oftalmología Experimental, Departamento de Oftalmología, Optometría, Otorrinolaringología y Anatomía Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, 30120 Murcia, Spain.

2Grupo de Investigación Trasplante Hematopoyético y Terapia celular, Departamento de Bioquímica e Inmunología. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Campus de Ciencias de la Salud, 30120 Murcia, Spain.

引用本文：

Norte-Muñoz M, García-Bernal D, García-Ayuso D, Vidal-Sanz M, Agudo-Barriuso M. Interplay between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system after transplantation: implications for advanced cell therapy in the retina. Neural Regen Res. 2024 Mar;19(3):542-547.

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(2) Inflammation in diabetic retinopathy: possible roles in pathogenesis and potential implications for therapy

糖尿病视网膜病变中的炎症：发病机制中的可能作用及对治疗的潜在影响

Lei Tang 1, Guo-Tong Xu 1, Jing-Fa Zhang 2

1Department of Ophthalmology of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Eye Institute, Department of Regenerative Medicine, and Department of Pharmacology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

2Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai First People's Hospital), Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases; Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine; Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.

引用本文：

Tang L, Xu GT, Zhang JF. Inflammation in diabetic retinopathy: possible roles in pathogenesis and potential implications for therapy. Neural Regen Res. 2023 May;18(5):976-982.

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(3) Regulatory mechanisms of retinal ganglion cell death in normal tension glaucoma and potential therapies

正常张力青光眼视网膜神经节细胞死亡的调控机制及潜在疗法

Wen-Cui Shen 1, Bing-Qing Huang 2, Jin Yang 1

1Tianjin Eye Hospital & Eye Institute, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.

2State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.

引用本文：

Shen WC, Huang BQ, Yang J. Regulatory mechanisms of retinal ganglion cell death in normal tension glaucoma and potential therapies. Neural Regen Res. 2023 Jan;18(1):87-93.

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(4) Nanotechnology-based gene therapy as a credible tool in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease

视网膜色素上皮变性中的氧化应激：从发病机制到干性老年性黄斑变性的治疗靶点

Aziz Unnisa 1, Nigel H Greig 2, Mohammad Amjad Kamal 3

1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.

2Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.

3Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Diseaserelated Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China; King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Enzymoics, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, Australia.

引用本文：

Unnisa A, Greig NH, Kamal MA. Nanotechnology-based gene therapy as a credible tool in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res. 2023 Oct;18(10):2127-2133.

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(5) Retinoprotective compounds, current efficacy, and future prospective

视网膜保护化合物、当前疗效和未来前景

Rachele Marino 1, Rebecca Sappington 2, Marco Feligioni 3

1Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Signaling, EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, Rome, Italy.

2Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center; Department of Ophthalmology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.

3Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Signaling, EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, Rome; Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa di Cura Igea, Milan, Italy.

引用本文：

Marino R, Sappington R, Feligioni M. Retinoprotective compounds, current efficacy, and future prospective. Neural Regen Res. 2023 Dec;18(12):2619-2622.

正文链接：

https://journals.lww.com/nrronline/fulltext/2023/12000/retinoprotective_compounds,_current_efficacy,_and.11.aspx

来源：中国神经再生研究杂志