摘要：//初始化，只执行一次// 引用nuget包和类库文件#r "./Publish/HttpClientStudy.Model/HttpClientStudy.Model.dll"#r "./Publish/HttpClientStudy.Core/HttpCl
此篇仍然使用录屏方式。有条友说暗黑主题的录屏看不清，因为代码在习惯上使用暗黑主题，所以这篇不变。如果还有反馈，下次就使用明亮主题。
这篇主要是使用远程WebAPI响应数据。当然，WebAPI的返回，首先要处理请求超时、服务器错误等异常情况。
1、初始化及全局设置
//初始化，只执行一次// 引用nuget包和类库文件#r "./Publish/HttpClientStudy.Model/HttpClientStudy.Model.dll"#r "./Publish/HttpClientStudy.Core/HttpClientStudy.Core.dll"//全局引用global using System;global using System.Collections;global using System.Linq;global using System.Linq.Expressions;global using System.Threading;global using System.Threading.Tasks;global using System.Net.Http;global using System.Net.Mime;global using System.Net.Http.json;global using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;global using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Extensions;global using HttpClientStudy.Config;global using HttpClientStudy.Model;global using HttpClientStudy.Core;global using HttpClientStudy.Core.Utilities;//全局变量var webApiBaseUrl = WebApiConfigManager.GetWebApiConfig.BaseUrl;var workDir = Environment.CurrentDirectory;var fullPath = System.IO.Path.GetFullPath("./Publish/HttpClientStudy.WebApp/HttpClientStudy.WebApp.exe", workDir);//全局共享静态 HttpClient 对象public static HttpClient SharedClient = new HttpClient(new SocketsHttpHandler{ PooledConnectionIdleTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(30)}){BaseAddress = new Uri(WebApiConfigManager.GetWebApiConfig.BaseUrl),};//启动已发布的WebApi项目{Console.WriteLine("启动WebApi项目");var startMessage = AppUtility.RunWebApiExeFile(fullPath);Console.WriteLine(startMessage);}2、处理响应状态
//判断响应码：正常{var response = await SharedClient.GetAsync("api/Normal/GetAccount?id=1");if(response.StatusCode == System.Net.HttpStatusCode.OK){var content = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync;Console.WriteLine($"响应码正常：{content}");}}//判断响应码：非正常{var response = await SharedClient.GetAsync("api/Normal/GetAccount?id=b");if(response.StatusCode != System.Net.HttpStatusCode.OK){Console.WriteLine($"响应码异常：状态码 {response.StatusCode}");}}//确保正确响应:正常{var response = await SharedClient.GetAsync("api/Normal/GetAccount?id=1");//确保异常response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode;var result = await response.Content.ReadFromJsonAsync>;//result.Display;Console.WriteLine($"响应正常：内容为 {result}");}//确保正确响应:异常{try {var response = await SharedClient.GetAsync("api/Normal/GetAccount?id=c");//确保异常response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode;//result.Display;var result = await response.Content.ReadFromJsonAsync>;Console.WriteLine($"响应正常：内容为 {result}");}catch(exception e){Console.WriteLine($"请求异常：{e.Message}");} }//使用 ry catch 捕获所有异常{try {var result = await SharedClient.GetFromJsonAsync>("api/Normal/GetAccount?id=a");//result.Display;Console.WriteLine($"响应正常：内容为 {result}");}catch(Exception e){Console.WriteLine($"请求异常：{e.Message}");}finally{//收发业务}}3、处理异常响应
3.1 try catch
//try catch 常规异常处理{try {var response = await SharedClient.GetAsync("api/Normal/GetAccount?id=c");//确保异常response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode;var result = await response.Content.ReadFromJsonAsync>;Console.WriteLine($"响应正常：内容为 {result}");}catch(Exception e){Console.WriteLine($"接口异常：{e.Message}");}finally{//清理}}3.2 管道统一处理
//异常处理管理中间件public class ExceptionDelegatingHandler : DelegatingHandler {protected override HttpResponseMessage Send(HttprequestMessage request, CancellationToken cancellationToken){Console.WriteLine("ExceptionDelegatingHandler -> Send -> Added Token");HttpResponseMessage response = new HttpResponseMessage(System.Net.HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError);try {response = base.Send(request, cancellationToken);response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode;}catch(Exception ex){//统一异常处理，当然也可以分类别处理Console.WriteLine($"中间件中，接口调用异常：{ex.Message}");}finally{Console.WriteLine("ExceptionDelegatingHandler -> Send -> After");}return response;}protected override async Task SendAsync(HttpRequestMessage request, CancellationToken cancellationToken){Console.WriteLine("ExceptionDelegatingHandler -> SendAsync -> Before");HttpResponseMessage response = new HttpResponseMessage(System.Net.HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError);try {response = await base.SendAsync(request, cancellationToken);//可以根据状态码，分别进行处理response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode;}catch(Exception ex){//统一异常处理，当然也可以分类别处理//可以重试等操作Console.WriteLine($"中间件中，接口调用异常：{ex.Message}");}finally{Console.WriteLine("ExceptionDelegatingHandler -> Send -> After");}return response;}}//使用异常管道，发送请求{//使用管道中间件，统一处理ExceptionDelegatingHandler exceptionHandler = new ExceptionDelegatingHandler{InnerHandler = new SocketsHttpHandler};HttpClient clientWithExceptionHandler = new HttpClient(exceptionHandler){BaseAddress = new Uri(webApiBaseUrl),};//发送请求var response = await clientWithExceptionHandler.GetAsync("api/Normal/GetAccount?id=c");if(response.StatusCode == System.Net.HttpStatusCode.OK){var result = await response.Content.ReadFromJsonAsync>;Console.WriteLine($"响应正常：内容为 {result}");}else{Console.WriteLine($"接口异常：状态码 {response.StatusCode}");}}3.3 类型化客户端统一处理
//类型化客户端public class HelloApiService {public HttpClient Client { get; set; }public HelloApiService(HttpClient httpClient){Client = httpClient;}//处理异常：也可以结合AOP，进行统一拦截处理public async Task Ping{try {var content = await Client.GetStringAsync("/api/Hello/Ping2");return content;}catch(Exception ex){return $"远程调用异常：{ex.Message}";}}}//使用{//注册类型化客户端var services = new ServiceCollection;services.AddHttpClient(client => {client.BaseAddress = new Uri(webApiBaseUrl);}).ConfigureHttpClient(client=>{client.Timeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1);});//使用类型化客户端，进行远程调用var apiService = services.BuildServiceProvider.GetService;var s = await apiService.Ping;Console.WriteLine(s);}4、处理响应数据
4.1 接收响应头数据
//响应头信息{var response = await SharedClient.GetAsync("api/Normal/GetAccount?id=1");Console.WriteLine("响应头：");foreach(var header in response.Headers){var headerValues = string.Join(",", header.Value);Console.WriteLine($"{header.Key} = {headerValues}");}}4.2 接收响应体数据
//响应体数据(json为例){var response = await SharedClient.GetAsync("api/Normal/GetAccount?id=1");//获取响应体内容var content = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync;Console.WriteLine($"响应体数据：{content}"); }来源：NetCore 程序员
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