摘要：Biden received the diagnosis of prostate cancer withmetastasisto the bone after he was experiencing increasing urinary symptoms. “
1.原文
拜登被诊断出转移性前列腺癌
该诊断结果在前总统卸任仅数月后公布
Biden Diagnosed With Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Diagnosis comes just months after former president left office
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WASHINGTON—Former President Joe Biden has been diagnosed with prostate cancer just months after he left office, his representatives said Sunday.
Biden received the diagnosis of prostate cancer with metastasis to the bone after he was experiencing increasing urinary symptoms. “While this represents a more aggressive form of the disease, the cancer appears to be hormone-sensitive which allows for effective management. The President and his family are reviewing treatment options with his physicians,” according to a statement from Biden’s personal office.
The diagnosis arrives as Biden, who was 82 when he left office in January, has come under scrutiny for age-related mental and physical declines he suffered while he was president.
The former president had campaigned for a second term until he stepped aside for former Vice President Kamala Harris after a halting debate performance that made his struggles impossible to hide.
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1.1 翻译
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华盛顿 —— 前总统乔・拜登的代表周日宣布，拜登在卸任仅数月后被诊断出患有前列腺癌。
拜登在出现日益加重的泌尿症状后，被诊断出前列腺癌并已转移至骨骼。其个人办公室发表的声明称：“尽管这意味着病情较为凶险，但癌症似乎对激素治疗敏感，因此可以有效控制。总统和家人正在与医生讨论治疗方案。”
现年 82 岁的拜登于今年 1 月卸任，此次诊断正值他因执政期间出现的与年龄相关的身心衰退而受到密切审视之际。
这位前总统原本在竞选连任，直到他在一场辩论中表现迟缓结巴，使自身困境无法掩饰，之后才为前副总统卡玛拉・哈里斯让路。
1.2 重点详解
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prostate /ˈprɑːsteɪt/词性：名词含义：前列腺用法：医学术语，特指男性生殖系统中分泌前列腺液的腺体，常见搭配为 “prostate cancer（前列腺癌）”“prostate gland（前列腺）”。metastasis /məˈtæstəsɪs/词性：名词含义：（癌细胞）转移用法：指恶性肿瘤细胞从原发部位扩散到身体其他部位的过程，常与介词 “to” 连用，如 “metastasis to the liver（转移至肝脏）”，复数形式为 “metastases”。aggressive /əˈɡresɪv/词性：形容词含义：（疾病）侵袭性强的；进展迅速的用法：描述疾病时指恶性程度高、扩散速度快，如 “aggressive tumor（侵袭性肿瘤）”，也可形容人 “好斗的” 或行为 “积极进取的”。hormone-sensitive /ˈhɔːrmoʊn ˈsensətɪv/结构：复合形容词含义：对激素敏感的用法：医学术语，指病灶对激素治疗有反应，常见于乳腺癌、前列腺癌等描述，如 “hormone-sensitive breast cancer（激素敏感性乳腺癌）”。scrutiny /ˈskruːtəni/词性：名词含义：仔细审查；密切关注用法：指对某人或事物进行细致的检查或批判性观察，常与 “come under”“face” 等动词搭配，如 “under intense scrutiny（受到严密审查）”。age-related /ˈeɪdʒ rɪleɪtɪd/结构：复合形容词含义：与年龄相关的用法：描述因年龄增长而出现的现象，如 “age-related diseases（老年病）”“age-related memory loss（与年龄相关的记忆衰退）”。campaign /kæmˈpeɪn/词性：动词含义：参加竞选；发起运动用法：作 “竞选” 讲时，常与 “for” 连用，如 “campaign for president（竞选总统）”；作 “运动” 讲时，如 “a campaign against smoking（禁烟运动）”。step aside短语动词含义：退出（职位或竞争）；让贤用法：指主动辞去职位或让出机会，如 “step aside from leadership（退出领导层）”，后可接 “for sb.” 表示为某人让路。halting /ˈhɔːltɪŋ/词性：形容词含义：踌躇的；结结巴巴的；不流畅的用法：形容言语、行动或进展不连贯，如 “halting speech（断断续续的演讲）”“halting economic growth（停滞的经济增长）”。make sth. impossible to hide结构：动词短语含义：使某事无法掩饰用法：“make + 宾语 + 形容词补语” 结构，强调某现象或问题因过于明显而无法隐瞒，如 “his mistakes made his incompetence impossible to hide（他的错误让其无能无法掩饰）”。2.原文
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President Trump wrote on Truth Social, “Melania and I are saddened to hear about Joe Biden’s recent medical diagnosis. We extend our warmest and best wishes to Jill and the family, and we wish Joe a fast and successful recovery.”
Biden’s form of prostate cancer is aggressive and late-stage, but prostate cancers generally are slower growing. The overall chance that a person diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer is alive after five years is around 37%, according to the American Cancer Society.
“This is a significant prostate cancer that does need treatment. It does have the potential to impact your quality and quantity of life, in particular if you don’t have a lot of other medical problems,” said Dr. Lee Richstone, chair of urology at Northwell Health’s Lenox Hill Hospital in Manhattan and president of the Society of Academic Urologists.
Given Biden’s age and the fact that the cancer has already spread to his bone, he is unlikely to receive surgery, the specialists said.
2.1 翻译
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特朗普总统在 “真相社交” 平台发文称：“听闻乔・拜登最近的医疗诊断结果，梅拉尼娅和我深感难过。我们向吉尔及拜登家人致以最温暖的祝福，祝愿乔早日顺利康复。”
拜登所患的前列腺癌属于侵袭性晚期，但前列腺癌通常生长较为缓慢。美国癌症协会的数据显示，被诊断为转移性前列腺癌的患者，五年生存率约为 37%。
曼哈顿诺斯韦尔健康中心莱诺克斯山医院泌尿科主任、学术泌尿科医师协会主席李・里奇斯通博士表示：“这是一种需要治疗的严重前列腺癌。它确实有可能影响患者的生活质量和寿命，尤其是在患者没有其他严重基础疾病的情况下。”
专家称，鉴于拜登的年龄以及癌症已扩散至骨骼的事实，他不太可能接受手术治疗。
2.2 重点详解
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late-stage /ˈleɪt steɪdʒ/结构：复合形容词含义：晚期的（指疾病发展到后期阶段）用法：描述疾病进展程度，如 “late-stage cancer（晚期癌症）”，常与 “advanced” 同义替换，反义词为 “early-stage（早期的）”。metastatic /ˌmetəˈstætɪk/词性：形容词含义：转移性的（指癌细胞已扩散）用法：医学术语，修饰 “cancer”“tumor” 等词，如 “metastatic breast cancer（转移性乳腺癌）”，名词形式为 “metastasis”。overall chance /ˈoʊvərɔːl tʃæns/结构：名词短语含义：总体概率用法：指某一事件发生的综合可能性，“overall” 强调全面性，如 “the overall chance of success（成功的总体概率）”，常搭配 “percentage”“rate” 等词。urology /jʊˈrɑːlədʒi/词性：名词含义：泌尿学（医学分支）用法：指研究泌尿系统疾病的学科，如 “department of urology（泌尿科）”，相关形容词为 “urological（泌尿学的）”。have the potential to /hæv ðə pəˈtenʃl tu/结构：动词短语含义：有潜力做某事；有可能导致某事用法：后接动词原形，强调潜在的可能性，如 “new technology has the potential to change lives（新技术有改变生活的潜力）”。impact /ˈɪmpækt/词性：动词含义：影响（尤指负面或重大影响）用法：直接接宾语，如 “climate change impacts agricultural production（气候变化影响农业生产）”，名词形式为 “impact”，常见搭配 “have an impact on”。quality and quantity of life结构：名词短语含义：生活质量和寿命用法：“quality of life” 指生活品质（如健康、幸福感），“quantity of life” 指寿命长度，常用于医学语境讨论治疗对患者的影响。in particular /ɪn pərˈtɪkjələr/结构：介词短语含义：尤其；特别用法：强调特定情况，相当于 “especially”，如 “he enjoys outdoor activities, in particular hiking（他喜欢户外活动，尤其是徒步）”。given /ˈɡɪvən/词性：介词含义：考虑到；鉴于用法：引出前提条件，如 “given his experience, he is suitable for the job（鉴于他的经验，他适合这份工作）”，后接名词或名词短语。spread to /spred tu/结构：动词短语含义：扩散到；传播到用法：指疾病、火势等蔓延至某处，如 “the virus spread to other countries（病毒传播到其他国家）”，过去式为 “spread”。3.原文
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Biden’s doctor said in February 2024 that Biden was “fit for duty” amid questions about the then-president’s age and health. The physical examination, conducted at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, came in the aftermath of special counsel Robert Hur’s finding that Biden was an “elderly man with a poor memory.”
Dr. Kevin O’Connor, the president’s physician, wrote in a letter at the time that a comprehensive assessment by a team of doctors had revealed “no new concerns.” O’Connor said Biden had been using a positive airway pressure machine at night for sleep apnea.
The doctor also noted that Biden’s gait had stiffened, likely because of age-related changes to his spine, but said it hadn’t worsened in the previous year.
Since exiting the White House, Biden has kept a low profile, only delivering his first widely publicized speech in April, when he addressed a conference for disability advocates in Chicago. He used the opportunity to talk about the importance of Social Security, and, without mentioning President Trump by name, criticized what his successor has done to the public-benefits program.
3.1 翻译
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拜登的医生在 2024 年 2 月称，在外界对这位时任总统的年龄和健康状况提出质疑时，拜登 “能够胜任职责”。这项在沃尔特里德国家军事医疗中心进行的体检，发生在特别检察官罗伯特・赫尔认定拜登是一名 “记忆力差的老年男子” 之后。
总统的主治医生凯文・奥康纳当时在一封信中写道，一组医生进行的全面评估显示 “没有新的健康隐患”。奥康纳表示，拜登夜间一直使用气道正压通气机治疗睡眠呼吸暂停。
医生还指出，拜登的步态变得僵硬，这可能是由于脊柱的年龄相关变化所致，但称这种情况在过去一年中没有恶化。
卸任后，拜登一直保持相对低调，直到 4 月才发表首次广泛公开的演讲，当时他在芝加哥向一场残疾人权益倡导者会议发表讲话。他利用这个机会谈论了社会保障的重要性，并在未提及特朗普总统名字的情况下，批评了继任者对公共福利计划的所作所为。
3.2 重点详解
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fit for duty /fɪt fɔːr ˈdjuːti/结构：形容词短语含义：能够胜任职责（尤指工作或公职要求）用法：常用于评估某人是否具备履行职务的身体或精神能力，如 “declared fit for duty（被宣布能胜任工作）”，反义词为 “unfit for duty”。amid /əˈmɪd/词性：介词含义：在…… 之中；在…… 背景下用法：引出同时存在的环境或情况，如 “amid growing concerns（在日益增长的担忧中）”，后接名词或动名词短语。in the aftermath of /ɪn ðə ˈæftərmæθ əv/结构：介词短语含义：在…… 之后；在…… 的余波中用法：指事件发生后的一段时间或影响期，如 “in the aftermath of the election（选举之后）”，“aftermath” 特指灾难或重大事件的后果。comprehensive assessment /ˌkɑːmprɪˈhensɪv əˈsesmənt/结构：名词短语含义：全面评估用法：指系统性、全方位的检查或评价，“comprehensive” 强调完整性，如 “comprehensive health assessment（全面健康评估）”，常见于医学或专业领域。positive airway pressure machine /ˈpɑːzətɪv ˈerweɪ ˈpreʃər məˈʃiːn/结构：名词短语含义：气道正压通气机（治疗睡眠呼吸暂停的设备）用法：缩写为 “CPAP machine”，通过提供持续气流保持气道通畅，常见搭配 “use a CPAP machine（使用正压通气机）”。sleep apnea /sliːp ˈæpniə/词性：名词含义：睡眠呼吸暂停（症）用法：医学术语，指睡眠中呼吸反复暂停的疾病，如 “suffer from sleep apnea（患睡眠呼吸暂停症）”，形容词为 “apneic”。gait /ɡeɪt/词性：名词含义：步态；行走方式用法：指人或动物行走的姿态和节奏，如 “abnormal gait（异常步态）”，常见于医学对运动功能的描述。stiffen /ˈstɪfən/词性：动词含义：（使）变僵硬；变紧绷用法：可作及物或不及物动词，如 “his muscles stiffened with age（他的肌肉因年龄增长而僵硬）”，形容词为 “stiff（僵硬的）”。low profile /loʊ ˈproʊfaɪl/结构：名词短语含义：低调；不引人注目用法：指避免公开露面或媒体关注的状态，如 “keep a low profile（保持低调）”，反义词为 “high profile（高调）”。public-benefits program /ˈpʌblɪk ˈbenɪfɪts ˈproʊɡræm/结构：名词短语含义：公共福利计划用法：指政府为保障公众基本生活或权益设立的项目，如 “Social Security（社会保障）”“Medicare（医疗保险）”，“benefits” 指福利、津贴。4.原文
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“Fewer than 100 days, and this administration has done so much damage and so much destruction,” Biden said. “It’s kind of breathtaking.”
Democrats are currently facing a public reckoning with the extent of Biden’s diminished faculties while he served as president. Several news books delve into the topic, including one by CNN host Jake Tapper and Axios reporter Alex Thompson set to be available this week.
Some critics will likely seize on Biden’s diagnosis as more proof of him having been unfit to serve a second term as president, said Larry Sabato, director of the University of Virginia’s Center for Politics.
Serious health issues are one of the risks of electing presidents in their 70s and 80s, Sabato said. President Trump is 78. “The lesson we ought to learn is let’s elect younger people in their 50s and 60s,” Sabato added.
Meghan McCain, whose father, John McCain, died of a brain tumor in 2018, urged others to refrain from making the diagnosis a political issue. “Cancer is the absolute worst. It is hell. It is incredibly difficult for any family, anywhere that has to deal with it,” she said. “I don’t believe times like these are appropriate for politics.”
4.1 翻译
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拜登说：“上任不到 100 天，本届政府已经造成了如此多的损害和破坏，这简直令人震惊。”
民主党人目前正面临公众对拜登担任总统期间能力衰退程度的强烈质疑。几本新闻类书籍深入探讨了这一话题，包括美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）主播杰克・塔珀和《axios》记者亚历克斯・汤普森的著作，该书将于本周出版。
弗吉尼亚大学政治中心主任拉里・萨巴托表示，一些批评者可能会抓住拜登的诊断结果，作为他不适合连任总统的更多证据。
萨巴托说，严重的健康问题是选举七八十岁总统的风险之一。特朗普总统现年 78 岁。“我们应该吸取的教训是，选举五六十岁的年轻人。” 萨巴托补充道。
梅根・麦凯恩的父亲约翰・麦凯恩于 2018 年死于脑瘤，她敦促其他人不要将这一诊断政治化。“癌症绝对是最可怕的。它是地狱。对于任何不得不面对它的家庭来说，这都是极其艰难的，” 她说，“我认为这种时候不适合谈论政治。”
4.2 重点详解
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breathtaking /ˈbreθteɪkɪŋ/词性：形容词含义：惊人的；令人震惊的（可指正面或负面事物）用法：强调事物的极端程度，如 “breathtaking scenery（壮丽的景色）” 或 “breathtaking stupidity（惊人的愚蠢）”，此处取负面含义 “令人震惊的”。public reckoning /ˈpʌblɪk ˈrekənɪŋ/结构：名词短语含义：公众的强烈质疑；公开的清算用法：指公众对某一问题进行广泛批评或重新评估，“reckoning” 原指 “算账”，此处引申为 “对错误的追责或反思”，如 “face a public reckoning（面临公众质疑）”。diminished faculties /dɪˈmɪnɪʃt ˈfækəltiz/结构：名词短语含义：能力衰退（尤指智力、体力等）用法：“faculties” 指人的官能（如记忆、行动能力），“diminished” 表示 “减弱的”，常见于描述老年人或病人的状态，如 “diminished mental faculties（智力衰退）”。delve into /delv ˈɪntu/短语动词含义：深入探究；钻研用法：后接主题或领域，如 “delve into history（深入研究历史）”，强调系统性地深入探讨，近义词为 “explore in depth”。seize on /siːz ɑːn/短语动词含义：抓住（机会、观点等）加以利用（尤指为支持自己的论点）用法：指利用某事物作为论据或机会，如 “seize on a mistake（抓住一个错误不放）”，带有 “急切利用” 的意味。unfit to serve /ʌnˈfɪt tu sɜːrv/结构：形容词短语含义：不适合担任（职务）用法：“unfit” 表示 “不合格的”，后接不定式 “to serve” 指履行职责，如 “unfit to serve as president（不适合当总统）”，反义词为 “fit to serve”。refrain from /rɪˈfreɪn frəm/短语动词含义：克制；避免做某事用法：后接动名词，如 “refrain from commenting（避免评论）”，强调主动抑制行为，语气较正式。political issue /pəˈlɪtɪkəl ˈɪʃuː/结构：名词短语含义：政治问题用法：指涉及政治立场或利益的争议性话题，如 “turn a tragedy into a political issue（将悲剧变为政治问题）”，常带有 “被利用” 的负面含义。brain tumor /breɪn ˈtuːmər/结构：名词短语含义：脑瘤用法：医学术语，指生长在脑部的肿瘤，如 “benign/malignant brain tumor（良性 / 恶性脑瘤）”，“tumor” 可与 “cancer” 替换但更侧重实体瘤。incredibly difficult /ɪnˈkredəbli ˈdɪfɪkəlt/结构：副词 + 形容词含义：极其困难的用法：“incredibly” 表示 “难以置信地”，强调程度极高，如 “incredibly difficult task（极其艰巨的任务）”，相当于 “extremely” 但语气更强烈。来源：英语杂货铺
