摘要：Today, a little over 12.7 million Americans work in manufacturing. But in the 1970s, that number was nearly 20 million. Over the y
Today, a little over 12.7 million Americans work in manufacturing. But in the 1970s, that number was nearly 20 million. Over the years, globalization and lowered trade barriers have resulted in cheaper labor abroad and closed factories in America. But as President Trump pushes to revitalize manufacturing through tariff policy, economists and trade experts are divided on whether a manufacturing renaissance makes sense for the U.S., which has evolved to a service-based economy. Others say the benefits of onshoring go beyond price: shorter shipping times, better quality control, and supply chain agility, among other advantages. To better understand the challenges and possibilities of bringing manufacturing back to the U.S., CNBC visited a Midwestern bike maker shifting its supply chain from China to the U.S.
今天，超过1270万美国人在制造业工作。但在1970年代，这一数字接近2000万。多年来，全球化和降低的贸易壁垒导致了国外劳动力成本的降低，许多美国工厂关闭。然而，随着特朗普总统推动通过关税政策重振制造业，经济学家和贸易专家对于制造业复兴是否适合美国存在分歧，因为美国已经发展成了一个以服务为主的经济体。另一些人则认为，将生产带回美国的好处不仅仅体现在价格上：更短的运输时间、更好的质量控制，以及更灵活的供应链等优势。为了更好地理解将制造业带回美国的挑战和可能性，CNBC走访了一家位于中西部的自行车制造商，该公司正将其供应链从中国转移到美国。
0
评论翻译
@HenryAndersen
Nobody "took" US manufacturing away from abroad. US CEOs and corporations moved the companies abroad for cheaper labor.
没有人“拿走”美国的制造业。是美国的CEO和公司将工厂迁到海外，以便享受更便宜的劳动力。
0
@chillnagasden6190
"What's stopping companies from bringing manufacturing to the U.S." => Having to pay a livable wage to the local population.
“是什么阻止公司将制造业带回美国？” => 需要给当地居民支付一个可维持生计的工资。
0
@jasonkoplen2554
Manufacturing didn’t leave the U.S. because it’s hard. It left because it was more profitable for the 1%. It’s not coming unless it’s even more profitable for the 1%. That’s how this works.
制造业离开美国并不是因为困难，而是因为对1%的人来说，海外更有利可图。除非回迁能带来更多利润，否则它不会回来。事情就是这样运作的。
0
@crinklecut3790
I work in a steel mill in the U.S. We have a giant facility, but only a handful of workers at any given time. It’s all automated. We’re just there to move material through the different manufacturing processes.
我在美国的一家钢铁厂工作。我们有一个庞大的设施，但每次只有少数工人在工作。所有的工作都是自动化的。我们只是在不同的制造过程中搬运材料。
0
@wolfshire8622
I work in manufacturing in the US. But the products we produce are so far outside my price range it's crazy.
我在美国做制造业工作，但我们生产的产品价格高得离谱，几乎让我无法承担。
0
@realdocumentary12
No one stole U.S. manufacturing. CEOs shipped it overseas for cheap labor.
没有人偷走美国的制造业。CEO们将它们运送到海外，以便享受廉价劳动力。
0
@paulsilva4934
American companies to compete with Chinese manufacturing. Needs to be heavily automated. So where's the american job??
美国公司要与中国制造业竞争，必须进行高度自动化。那么，美国的工作在哪里呢？
0
@AlexNketia-q4m
Lol! We in the US are bragging about building bikes in the US meanwhile in China they are building electric vehicles that can charge at 5c rates and EREV vehicles that can go 1000 miles and AI that uses cheap chips, but produces better results than other models using much more expensive chips! "Winning" never looked so bleak!
哈哈！我们在美国吹嘘在本土制造自行车，而在中国，他们正在制造能够以5美分费用充电的电动汽车，制造可以行驶1000英里的增程电动汽车，以及使用便宜芯片但能产生比其他使用昂贵芯片的模型更好结果的人工智能！“胜利”看起来真是太黯淡了！
0
@ERoc83
Love how companies say they have to automate their operations because they can't afford high labor costs and then expect people to have extra income to buy their products...
我喜欢那些公司说他们必须自动化生产线，因为负担不起高昂的劳动力成本，然后还指望人们有额外收入来购买他们的产品……
0
@theroofguy625
There is a HUGE difference between saying you'll bring some manufacturing back to the US and then actually doing it. It's a play out of Trumps playbook
说要把一些制造业带回美国和实际做到这一点之间有巨大的差距。这是特朗普的“剧本”在上演。
0
@chicharones9640
So that bike company just ADMITTED we want to aim for better automation aka getting rid of allot of those employees, and get AI and machines doing everything because labor costs are high. Good luck America.
那家自行车公司刚刚承认了，他们想要追求更好的自动化，也就是说，要裁掉很多员工，让人工智能和机器来做所有工作，因为劳动力成本太高了。祝你们好运，美国。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
0
@Nubian_King_RNM
The answer is NO unless you fill them with robots, labour cost in the US are really expensive.
答案是否定的，除非你用机器人替代，劳动力成本在美国真的很高。
0
@SDpapa
As a small importer of Bluetooth devices, i bring in a 40ft container every quarter, I could never manufacture my devices in the USA. Not because of labor which I would highly automate anyways, the main obstacle is SKILLS. It would take a small fortune to train Americans, to teach them how to use microscopic tools. In my humble opinion, trumps tariffs are nothing but another tax inflicted to his own people. I ain't eating those extra costs, my buyers will.
作为一个小型蓝牙设备进口商，我每季度进口一40英尺集装箱，但我永远无法在美国制造我的设备。这不是因为劳动力问题，反正我会大规模自动化生产，主要问题是技能。如果要培训美国人，教他们如何使用显微工具，那将花费一大笔钱。在我看来，特朗普的关税不过是向自己的人民征收的又一税收。我不会承担这些额外费用，我的买家会。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
0
You know we're cooked when "environmental cost" means the cost to the friggin' company and not the actual environment...
当“环境成本”意味着公司的成本而不是实际环境的成本时，我们就完了……
0
The input for these bike parts made in the USA( aluminum and steel) is now a lot more expensive because of the steel and aluminum tariff.
这些美国制造的自行车部件的原材料（铝和钢）现在因为钢铁和铝的关税变得更加昂贵。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
0
@HeyItsAvi90
The funny thing is the bikes are made in america but every single part is still from China. It should be labeled "Assembled in america".
有趣的是，自行车是美国制造的，但每个部件仍然来自中国。它应该标明“在美国组装”。
来源：趣闻捕手一点号
