摘要：解析：独立主格结构作原因状语，“There being + 名词”表示“存在……” ，因为没有公交车，所以我们不得不步行回家。A选项There was是完整的句子，不能直接作状语；C选项because后应接句子；D选项形式错误。

40道中考英语学霸必做独立主格结构用法的选择题，附参考答案与解析：

题目部分

1. ______ no bus, we had to walk home.

A. There was B. There being C. Because there being D. There were

2. The boy ______ his homework, the teacher allowed him to go home.

A. finishing B. finished C. having finished D. being finished

3. ______ a fine day, we decided to go for a picnic.

A. Being B. It being C. To be D. Been

4. The old man sat in the chair, ______ a newspaper.

A. read B. reading C. to read D. having read

5. ______ the road wet, we had to drive carefully.

A. As B. For C. With D. Because

6. The meeting ______ over, all of them left the room.

A. was B. to be C. being D. would be

7. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ______ behind his back.

A. tied B. tying C. to be tied D. being tied

8. Weather ______, we will go for a hike.

A. permits B. permitted C. permitting D. to permit

9. ______ the work done, we felt relieved.

A. As B. With C. Because D. For

10. The students ______ their papers, the teacher collected them.

A. having handed in B. handed in C. handing in D. to hand in

11. ______ no water in the bottle, he went to fetch some.

12. The children ran out of the room, ______ happily.

A. laughed B. laughing C. to laugh D. having laughed

13. ______ a lot of work to do, I can't go out with you.

A. With B. Because C. As D. For

14. The game ______ over, the audience left the stadium.

A. was B. being C. to be D. would be

15. He stood there, his hands ______ in his pockets.

A. putting B. to put C. being put D. put

16. Time ______, we'll go to the park.

A. permit B. permitting C. permitted D. to permit

17. ______ the problem solved, we all felt happy.

18. The workers ______ the task, they went home.

A. finishing B. having finished C. finished D. being finished

19. ______ no classes yesterday, we paid a visit to the Great Wall.

A. There being B. There was C. Because there being D. There were

20. The teacher came into the classroom, ______ a book in his hand.

A. hold B. holding C. held D. to hold

21. ______ his leg hurt, he couldn't walk fast.

22. The experiment ______ over, the students began to discuss the result.

23. The girl sat at the desk, ______ a letter.

A. write B. writing C. to write D. having written

24. ______ good weather, we will have a sports meeting.

25. The manager ______ absent, the meeting had to be put off.

26. He lay on the grass, his eyes ______ at the sky.

A. looking B. looked C. to look D. being looked

27. ______ the work ahead of time, they felt proud.

28. The students ______ their lessons, the teacher gave them a test.

A. having reviewed B. reviewed C. reviewing D. to review

29. ______ no noise in the classroom, the students were studying attentively.

30. The old man walked in the street, ______ a stick in his hand.

A. carry B. carrying C. carried D. to carry

31. ______ his mother ill, he had to stay at home to look after her.

32. The party ______ over, the guests said goodbye to each other.

33. The boy stood there, his face ______ red.

A. turn B. turning C. turned D. being turned

34. ______ enough time, we will finish the work on time.

35. The workers ______ the project, they celebrated their success.

36. ______ no food in the fridge, she went to the supermarket to buy some.

37. The children played in the garden, ______ loudly.

38. ______ a lot of difficulties to overcome, they never gave up.

39. The match ______ over, the players shook hands with each other.

40. He sat in the chair, his legs ______ crossed.

A. to cross B. crossing C. being crossed D. crossed

答案及解析部分

1. 答案：B

- 解析：独立主格结构作原因状语，“There being + 名词”表示“存在……” ，因为没有公交车，所以我们不得不步行回家。A选项There was是完整的句子，不能直接作状语；C选项because后应接句子；D选项形式错误。

2. 答案：C

- 解析：男孩完成作业发生在老师允许他回家之前，强调动作的先后顺序，用现在分词的完成式having finished ，构成独立主格结构作原因状语。A选项finishing表示动作正在进行；B选项finished是过去分词，逻辑主语是“作业”，不是“男孩”；D选项being finished表示正在被完成 。

3. 答案：B

- 解析：“It being +名词”构成独立主格结构作原因状语，因为是个好天气，所以我们决定去野餐。A选项Being没有逻辑主语；C选项To be表目的或将来；D选项Been是be的过去分词，不能用于此结构。

4. 答案：B

- 解析：这里是现在分词作伴随状语，老人坐在椅子上，同时在读报纸。A选项read是谓语动词形式；C选项to read表目的；D选项having read强调动作先于谓语动词发生，这里不强调先后顺序。

5. 答案：C

- 解析：“with +宾语+形容词”构成with的复合结构作原因状语，由于路湿，我们不得不小心驾驶。A、B、D选项后面都要接句子，不能接“名词+形容词”结构。

6. 答案：C

- 解析：“The meeting being over”是独立主格结构作时间状语，会议结束后，他们都离开了房间。A选项was是谓语动词，一个句子不能有两个谓语；B选项to be表示将来；D选项would be也用于谓语结构。

7. 答案：A

- 解析：“with +宾语+过去分词”，手是被绑在背后，所以用过去分词tied作宾语补足语，构成with的复合结构。B选项tying表示主动；C选项to be tied表示将来的被动；D选项being tied表示正在被绑。

8. 答案：C

- 解析：Weather permitting是独立主格结构，相当于If weather permits ，天气允许的话，我们将去远足。A选项permits是谓语动词；B选项permitted表被动；D选项to permit表目的或将来。

9. 答案：B

- 解析：“With the work done”是with的复合结构作原因状语，工作完成了，我们感到轻松。A、C、D选项后面要接句子。

10. 答案：A

- 解析：学生交论文的动作发生在老师收论文之前，用现在分词的完成式having handed in构成独立主格结构作时间状语。B选项handed in是谓语动词形式；C选项handing in表示动作正在进行；D选项to hand in表目的。

11. 答案：B

- 解析：同第1题，“There being no water in the bottle” 是独立主格结构作原因状语，瓶子里没有水，他去取一些。

12. 答案：B

- 解析：现在分词laughing作伴随状语，孩子们跑出房间，同时开心地笑着。A选项laughed是谓语动词；C选项to laugh表目的；D选项having laughed强调动作先于谓语动词发生。

13. 答案：A

- 解析：“With a lot of work to do”是with的复合结构作原因状语，因为有很多工作要做，我不能和你出去。B、C、D选项后面接句子。

14. 答案：B

- 解析：同第6题，“The game being over”是独立主格结构作时间状语，比赛结束后，观众离开了体育场。

15. 答案：D

- 解析：“his hands put in his pockets”是独立主格结构，put是过去分词，表被动和完成，他站在那里，手放在口袋里。A选项putting表示主动；B选项to put表目的；C选项being put表示正在被放。

16. 答案：B

- 解析：Time permitting是独立主格结构，相当于If time permits ，时间允许的话，我们将去公园。

17. 答案：B

- 解析：“With the problem solved”是with的复合结构作原因状语，问题解决了，我们都很高兴。

18. 答案：B

- 解析：工人完成任务发生在回家之前，用现在分词的完成式having finished构成独立主格结构作时间状语。

19. 答案：A

- 解析：“There being no classes yesterday”是独立主格结构作原因状语，昨天没有课，我们参观了长城。

20. 答案：B

- 解析：现在分词holding作伴随状语，老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书。

21. 答案：B

- 解析：“With his leg hurt”是with的复合结构作原因状语，因为他腿受伤了，所以走不快。A、C、D选项后面接句子。

22. 答案：B

- 解析：“The experiment being over”是独立主格结构作时间状语，实验结束后，学生们开始讨论结果。

23. 答案：B

- 解析：现在分词writing作伴随状语，女孩坐在桌旁，正在写信。

24. 答案：C

- 解析：“With good weather”是with的复合结构作条件状语，要是天气好，我们将举行运动会。A、B、D选项后面接句子。

25. 答案：B

- 解析：“The manager being absent”是独立主格结构作原因状语，经理缺席，会议不得不推迟。

26. 答案：A

- 解析：“his eyes looking at the sky”是独立主格结构，眼睛看是主动动作，用现在分词looking ，他躺在草地上，眼睛看着天空。

27. 答案：B

- 解析：“With the work ahead of time”是with的复合结构作原因状语，提前完成了工作，他们感到自豪。

28. 答案：A

- 解析：学生复习功课发生在老师测试之前，用现在分词的完成式having reviewed构成独立主格结构作时间状语。

29. 答案：B

- 解析：“There being no noise in the classroom”是独立主格结构作原因状语，教室里没有噪音，学生们在专心学习。

30. 答案：B

- 解析：现在分词carrying作伴随状语，老人走在街上，手里拿着一根棍子。

31. 答案：B

- 解析：“With his mother ill”是with的复合结构作原因状语，因为他母亲病了，他不得不待在家里照顾她。

32. 答案：B

- 解析：“The party being over”是独立主格结构作时间状语，聚会结束后，客人们互相道别。

33. 答案：B

- 解析：“his face turning red”是独立主格结构，脸变红是主动动作，用现在分词turning ，男孩站在那里，脸变红了。

34. 答案：B

- 解析：“With enough time”是with的复合结构作条件状语，有足够的时间，我们将按时完成工作。

35. 答案：B

- 解析：工人完成项目发生在庆祝成功之前，用现在分词的完成式having finished构成独立主格结构作时间状语。

36. 答案：B

- 解析：“There being no food in the fridge”是独立主格结构作原因状语，冰箱里没有食物，她去超市买一些。

37. 答案：B

- 解析：现在分词laughing作伴随状语，孩子们在花园里玩耍，大声笑着。

38. 答案：A

- 解析：“With a lot of difficulties to overcome”是with的复合结构作原因状语，有很多困难要克服，他们从不放弃。

39. 答案：B

- 解析：“The match being over”是独立主格结构作时间状语，比赛结束后，运动员们互相握手。

40. 答案：D

- 解析：“his legs crossed”是独立主格结构，腿是被交叉，用过去分词crossed ，他坐在椅子上，双腿交叉。

来源：蒙古元素