《海洋预报》| 钦江-茅尾海丰、枯水期盐水入侵的盐度分布特征：以2021年盐水入侵为例

摘要：钦江-茅尾海地区受盐水入侵影响显著。基于MIKE 3模块构建盐水入侵三维数值模型，在细致验证的基础上，模拟丰水期和枯水期的盐水入侵过程并研究盐度分布特征。结果表明：丰水期茅尾海内盐度平面变化梯度大，枯水期钦江河道内盐度平面变化梯度大；涨憩时刻钦江河道大部分为完

作者：郑华1 2 刘洁1 2张文武3肖毅1 2

单位：

1. 重庆交通大学国家内河航道工程技术研究中心, 重庆 400074;

2. 重庆交通大学河海学院, 重庆 400074;

3 中交第四航务工程勘察设计院有限公司, 广东广州 510290

分类号：P731.12

出版年·卷·期（页码）：2025·42·第二期（58-67）

摘要：钦江-茅尾海地区受盐水入侵影响显著。基于MIKE 3模块构建盐水入侵三维数值模型，在细致验证的基础上，模拟丰水期和枯水期的盐水入侵过程并研究盐度分布特征。结果表明：丰水期茅尾海内盐度平面变化梯度大，枯水期钦江河道内盐度平面变化梯度大；涨憩时刻钦江河道大部分为完全掺混状态，盐度垂向混合较为良好；枯水期的盐水上溯更加剧烈，盐水上溯最远距离与平均距离较丰水期均增加50%以上。

关键词：钦江河口盐水入侵 MIKE 3 盐度分布特征

Abstract：The Qinjiang-Maowei Sea area is significantly affected by saltwater intrusion. Based on MIKE 3, this paper constructs a three-dimensional numerical model of saltwater intrusion. After detailed verification, the process of saltwater intrusion during the wet and dry seasons is simulated to study the salinity distribution characteristics of saltwater intrusion. The results show that during the wet season, the salinity level gradient in Maowei Sea is greater, while during the dry season, the salinity level gradient in the Qinjiang River channel is greater. During the period of rising and resting, most of the Qinjiang River channel is in a completely mixed state, with adequate vertical mixing of salinity. The upward movement of saltwater during the dry season is more intense, with the longest and average distance of saltwater upstream increasing by more than 50% compared to the wet season.

Key words：Qinjiang River estuary; saltwater intrusion; MIKE 3；salinity distribution characteristics