摘要：定语从句，就像是英语句子中的“修饰小能手”，在复合句里修饰某一名词或代词，被修饰的词叫先行词，从句一般紧紧跟在先行词后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose 等）和关系副词（when, where, why等

定语从句基础概念

定语从句，就像是英语句子中的“修饰小能手”，在复合句里修饰某一名词或代词，被修饰的词叫先行词，从句一般紧紧跟在先行词后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose 等）和关系副词（when, where, why等） 。它分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用，非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用，并且非限制性定语从句与先行词之间往往用逗号隔开。

关系代词引导的定语从句

who：指人，在从句中作主语。

- The boy who is playing basketball is my brother.（正在打篮球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。）

- The teacher who teaches us English is very kind.（教我们英语的老师非常和蔼。）

whom：指人，在从句中作宾语，口语中常用who代替。

- The man whom/who you met just now is my father's friend.（你刚才遇见的那个人是我父亲的朋友。）

- The lady whom we visited yesterday is a famous writer.（我们昨天拜访的那位女士是一位著名作家。）

whose：表示所属关系，意为“……的”，既可以指人也可以指物。

- The girl whose hair is long is my classmate.（那个头发长长的女孩是我的同学。）

- The house whose windows face south is very bright.（窗户朝南的那所房子非常明亮。）

which：指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。

- The book which lies on the table is very interesting.（放在桌子上的那本书非常有趣。）

- The pen which I bought yesterday writes smoothly.（我昨天买的那支钢笔书写很流畅。）

that：既可以指人也可以指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。

- The man that/who is standing there is my uncle.（站在那里的那个男人是我的叔叔。）

- The movie that/which we watched last night was exciting.（我们昨晚看的那部电影很刺激。）

只用that不用which的情况

当先行词被序数词修饰时。

- This is the first book that I read this year.（这是我今年读的第一本书。）

- The second place that they visited was the museum.（他们参观的第二个地方是博物馆。）

当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。

- This is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited.（这是我参观过的最美丽的城市。）

- The best movie that I saw last year was about a true story.（我去年看的最好的电影是关于一个真实故事的。）

当先行词是all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时。

- Is there anything that I can do for you?（有什么我可以为你做的吗？）

- All that glitters is not gold.（闪光的未必都是金子。）

先行词既有人又有物时。

- He talked about the teachers and schools that he visited last summer.（他谈到了他去年夏天拜访过的老师和学校。）

- We are interested in the people and things that we saw during the trip.（我们对旅行中看到的人和事很感兴趣。）

当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复用that。

- Who is the girl that is singing in the classroom?（正在教室里唱歌的那个女孩是谁？）

- Which is the bike that you lost?（哪辆是你丢失的自行车？）

关系副词引导的定语从句

when：指时间，在从句中作时间状语。

- I will never forget the day when I first met you.（我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的那一天。）

- Do you remember the time when we played together in the park?（你还记得我们在公园一起玩耍的时光吗？）

where：指地点，在从句中作地点状语。

- This is the place where I grew up.（这是我长大的地方。）

- The school where my father works is very famous.（我父亲工作的学校非常有名。）

why：指原因，常用于the reason后，在从句中作原因状语，可换成that或省略。

- We don't know the reason why he was late for school.（我们不知道他上学迟到的原因。）

- The reason (why/that) he didn't come to the party is that he was ill.（他没来参加派对的原因是他生病了。）

五十个双语例句

The man who is standing at the door is my neighbor.（站在门口的那个男人是我的邻居。）

The woman whom we met yesterday is a famous actress.（我们昨天遇见的那个女人是一位著名的女演员。）

The book which I borrowed from the library is very useful.（我从图书馆借的那本书非常有用。）

The dog which is running after the cat looks very lovely.（追着猫跑的那只狗看起来很可爱。）

The boy whose mother is a doctor studies very hard.（那个母亲是医生的男孩学习非常努力。）

The house whose roof is red is mine.（屋顶是红色的那所房子是我的。）

I like the music that I can dance to.（我喜欢我能跟着跳舞的音乐。）

The movie that we watched last week was very boring.（我们上周看的那部电影非常无聊。）

The person that you are looking for is over there.（你正在找的那个人在那边。）

The car that he bought last month is very expensive.（他上个月买的那辆车非常贵。）

This is the factory where my father works.（这是我父亲工作的工厂。）

I still remember the place where we had a picnic last year.（我仍然记得我们去年野餐的地方。）

The hotel where we stayed during the vacation was very comfortable.（我们度假期间住的酒店非常舒适。）

I'll never forget the day when I got my first prize.（我永远不会忘记我获得一等奖的那一天。）

There comes a time when you have to make a decision.（你必须做出决定的时候到了。）

The reason why he was late is that he missed the bus.（他迟到的原因是他错过了公共汽车。）

The teacher who teaches us math is very strict.（教我们数学的老师非常严格。）

The girl who has long hair is my sister.（留着长发的那个女孩是我的妹妹。）

The man whom you spoke to just now is my boss.（你刚才和他说话的那个人是我的老板。）

The book which has a lot of pictures is very interesting.（那本有很多图片的书非常有趣。）

The dog whose name is Coco is very friendly.（那只名叫可可的狗非常友好。）

The house that has a big garden is my dream house.（那座有一个大花园的房子是我的梦想之屋。）

The movie that is about animals is very popular.（那部关于动物的电影非常受欢迎。）

The person that helped me with my homework is my classmate.（帮我做作业的那个人是我的同学。）

The car that is parked in front of the house is my father's.（停在房子前面的那辆车是我父亲的。）

This is the school where I spent my childhood.（这是我度过童年的学校。）

I remember the village where I lived when I was young.（我记得我小时候住过的那个村庄。）

The park where we often go for a walk is very beautiful.（我们经常去散步的那个公园非常美丽。）

I'll never forget the moment when I saw the beautiful scenery.（我永远不会忘记我看到美丽风景的那一刻。）

There was a time when I liked playing basketball very much.（曾经有一段时间我非常喜欢打篮球。）

The reason why she didn't come to the meeting is unknown.（她没来参加会议的原因不明。）

The singer who is famous for his songs is coming to our city.（那位以他的歌曲而闻名的歌手要来我们城市了。）

The boy who is wearing a red T - shirt is my cousin.（穿着红色T恤的那个男孩是我的表弟。）

The woman whom we helped yesterday thanked us a lot.（我们昨天帮助的那个女人非常感谢我们。）

The book which was written by a famous writer sells well.（那本由一位著名作家写的书很畅销。）

The cat whose eyes are green is very cute.（那只眼睛是绿色的猫非常可爱。）

The house that was built last year is very modern.（去年建造的那座房子非常现代化。）

The movie that made me cry is very touching.（那部让我哭的电影非常感人。）

The person that you met at the party is my friend's brother.（你在派对上遇见的那个人是我朋友的哥哥。）

The car that can run very fast is a new model.（那辆能跑得很快的车是一款新型车。）

This is the hospital where my mother works.（这是我母亲工作的医院。）

I visited the city where my grandparents lived before.（我参观了我祖父母以前住过的城市。）

The zoo where we saw many animals is very large.（我们看到很多动物的那个动物园非常大。）

I'll always remember the day when I graduated from school.（我会永远记得我从学校毕业的那一天。）

There was a time when people didn't have enough food to eat.（曾经有一段时间人们没有足够的食物吃。）

The reason why he gave up his job is that he wanted to study abroad.（他辞去工作的原因是他想去国外学习。）

The actor who played the leading role in the movie is very talented.（在电影中扮演主角的那个演员非常有才华。）

The girl who is good at dancing won the first prize.（那个擅长跳舞的女孩获得了一等奖。）

The man whom you asked about is a famous scientist.（你打听的那个人是一位著名的科学家。）

The book which I have read three times is very meaningful.（我读了三遍的那本书非常有意义。）

来源：蒙古元素