初一英语必备核心语法形容词和副词比较级和最高级用法详解及例句

B站影视 电影资讯 2025-06-09 09:18 2

摘要:原级:即形容词和副词的原形,用于描述事物的基本特征,不进行比较。例如:“She is tall.”(她很高。) ,“He runs fast.”(他跑得快。)

形容词和副词比较级和最高级用法详解

一、形容词和副词的等级

1. 原级:即形容词和副词的原形,用于描述事物的基本特征,不进行比较。例如:“She is tall.”(她很高。) ,“He runs fast.”(他跑得快。)

2. 比较级:表示两者之间的比较,意思是“更……” 。 例如:“She is taller than her sister.”(她比她姐姐高。) ,“He runs faster than his friend.”(他跑得比他朋友快。)

3. 最高级:用于三者或三者以上的比较,表示“最……” 。例如:“She is the tallest in her class.”(她是班上最高的。) ,“He runs the fastest in the race.”(他在比赛中跑得最快。)

二、比较级和最高级的构成

1. 规则变化

- 单音节词和部分双音节词

- 一般在词尾加 -er 构成比较级,加 -est 构成最高级。例如:

- small(小的) - smaller - smallest

- short(短的) - shorter - shortest

- 以不发音的字母 e 结尾的词,加 -r 构成比较级,加 -st 构成最高级。例如:

- nice(好的) - nicer - nicest

- large(大的) - larger - largest

- 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的词,先把 y 改为 i ,再加 -er 构成比较级,加 -est 构成最高级。例如:

- happy(开心的) - happier - happiest

- busy(忙碌的) - busier - busiest

- 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写词尾的辅音字母,再加 -er 构成比较级,加 -est 构成最高级。例如:

- big(大的) - bigger - biggest

- hot(热的) - hotter - hottest

- 多音节词和部分双音节词

- 在词前加 more 构成比较级,加 most 构成最高级。例如:

- beautiful(美丽的) - more beautiful - most beautiful

- important(重要的) - more important - most important

- slowly(慢地) - more slowly - most slowly

2. 不规则变化

- good / well(好的 / 好地) - better - best

- bad / badly(坏的 / 坏地) - worse - worst

- many / much(许多) - more - most

- little(少的) - less - least

- far(远的) - farther / further - farthest / furthest

三、比较级的用法及例句

1. “A + be + 形容词比较级 + than + B”:表示“A比B更……” ,用于两者之间的比较。

- My room is cleaner than yours.(我的房间比你的更干净。)

- This book is more interesting than that one.(这本书比那本书更有趣。)

- He is stronger than his brother.(他比他哥哥更强壮。)

- The weather today is warmer than yesterday.(今天的天气比昨天更暖和。)

- Her dress is more beautiful than mine.(她的裙子比我的更漂亮。)

2. “比较级 + and + 比较级”:表示“越来越……” 。

- It's getting darker and darker.(天越来越黑了。)

- Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.(我们的国家越来越强大。)

- The girl is growing taller and taller.(这个女孩长得越来越高。)

- He runs faster and faster.(他跑得越来越快。)

- The wind is blowing harder and harder.(风刮得越来越大。)

3. “the + 比较级……,the + 比较级”:表示“越……,越……” 。

- The more you read, the more knowledge you will get.(你读得越多,获得的知识就越多。)

- The earlier you get up, the better you will feel.(你起床越早,感觉就越好。)

- The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.(你工作越努力,取得的进步就越大。)

- The more exercise you take, the healthier you will be.(你锻炼得越多,就会越健康。)

- The busier he is, the happier he feels.(他越忙,感觉就越开心。)

4. 在含有or的选择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词要用比较级形式。

- Which is bigger, the apple or the orange?(苹果和橙子,哪个更大?)

- Who is younger, Tom or Jack?(汤姆和杰克,谁更年轻?)

- Which book is more difficult, this one or that one?(这本书和那本书,哪本更难?)

- Which city is more beautiful, Beijing or Shanghai?(北京和上海,哪个城市更漂亮?)

- Which animal runs faster, the horse or the deer?(马和鹿,哪种动物跑得更快?)

四、最高级的用法及例句

1. “the + 形容词最高级 + 比较范围”:表示“在……中最……” ,用于三者或三者以上的比较。比较范围常用 in 或 of 短语表示。

- She is the tallest girl in her class.(她是班上最高的女孩。)

- This is the most delicious food in the restaurant.(这是这家餐厅里最美味的食物。)

- He is the cleverest student of all.(他是所有学生中最聪明的。)

- The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.(黄河是中国第二长河。)

- That is the most expensive car in the shop.(那是店里最贵的车。)

2. “one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”:表示“最……之一” 。

- Beijing is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.(北京是世界上最美丽的城市之一。)

- Tom is one of the tallest boys in our school.(汤姆是我们学校最高的男孩之一。)

- This is one of the most interesting stories I have ever heard.(这是我听过的最有趣的故事之一。)

- She is one of the most popular singers in China.(她是中国最受欢迎的歌手之一。)

- Apple is one of the most famous brands in the world.(苹果是世界上最著名的品牌之一。)

五、副词比较级和最高级的用法及例句

1. 副词比较级的用法与形容词比较级类似

- “A + 行为动词 + 副词比较级 + than + B”:表示“A比B做某事更……” 。

- He runs faster than his classmate.(他跑得比他同学快。)

- She dances more gracefully than her sister.(她跳舞比她姐姐更优雅。)

- Tom studies harder than his brother.(汤姆学习比他哥哥更努力。)

- My father drives more carefully than my mother.(我爸爸开车比我妈妈更小心。)

- The boy plays basketball better than his friend.(这个男孩打篮球比他朋友打得好。)

- “副词比较级 + and + 副词比较级”:表示“越来越……” 。

- The plane flies higher and higher.(飞机飞得越来越高。)

- She is speaking more and more fluently.(她讲话越来越流利。)

- The car runs faster and faster.(汽车跑得越来越快。)

- He is getting up earlier and earlier.(他起床越来越早。)

- The rain is falling harder and harder.(雨下得越来越大。)

- “the + 副词比较级……,the + 副词比较级”:表示“越……,就越……” 。

- The more carefully you do your homework, the fewer mistakes you will make.(你做作业越仔细,犯的错误就越少。)

- The faster you run, the sooner you will reach the finish line.(你跑得越快,就越早到达终点线。)

- The more often you practice, the better you will play the piano.(你练习得越频繁,钢琴就弹得越好。)

- The more loudly you speak, the more clearly others can hear you.(你说话声音越大,别人就听得越清楚。)

- The harder he works, the more successfully he will be.(他工作越努力,就会越成功。)

2. 副词最高级的用法:“A + 行为动词 + (the)+ 副词最高级 + 表示范围的of或in短语”,意为“在……中最……” ,副词最高级前的 the 可以省略。

- Of all the students, he runs (the) fastest.(在所有学生中,他跑得最快。)

- She sings (the) most beautifully in our class.(她在我们班唱歌最动听。)

- He gets up (the) earliest in his family.(他在他家起床最早。)

- Among the players, he plays basketball (the) best.(在这些运动员中,他篮球打得最好。)

- In the competition, she dances (the) most gracefully.(在比赛中,她跳舞最优雅。)

来源:蒙古元素

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