摘要：答案：A。解析：There be句型遵循就近原则，be动词的单复数由离它最近的名词决定。这里离be动词最近的是a pen，为单数，所以用is。
以下是50道英语就近原则试题及参考答案解析：
一、选择题
1. There ____ a pen and two books on the desk.
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
答案：A。解析：There be句型遵循就近原则，be动词的单复数由离它最近的名词决定。这里离be动词最近的是a pen，为单数，所以用is。
2. Either you or he ____ to clean the classroom today.
A. are
B. is
C. have
D. has
答案：B。解析：either...or...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。离谓语最近的是he，为单数第三人称，所以用is。
3. Not only the students but also the teacher ____ interested in this activity.
A. am
B. is
C. are
D. be
答案：B。解析：not only...but also...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。这里离谓语最近的是the teacher，为单数第三人称，所以用is。
4. Neither my parents nor my sister ____ to the party yesterday.
A. come
B. comes
C. came
D. have come
答案：C。解析：neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。离谓语最近的是my sister，根据yesterday可知是一般过去时，所以用came。
5. A number of students ____ playing on the playground. The number of them ____ about 200.
A. is; are
B. are; is
C. am; is
D. are; are
答案：B。解析：a number of意思是“许多”，修饰可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用复数，所以第一空用are；the number of意思是“……的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用单数，所以第二空用is。
6. Here ____ some books and a pen for you.
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
答案：B。解析：Here引导的句子是倒装句，谓语动词的单复数由后面的主语决定。这里主语是some books and a pen，books是复数，所以用are。
7. Where ____ your brother and sister?
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
答案：B。解析：主语是your brother and sister，为复数，所以用are。
8. One or two days ____ enough for me to finish the work.
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
答案：A。解析：“one or two +复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数，所以用is。
9. The writer and singer ____ very popular among young people.
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
答案：A。解析：如果and连接的两个名词指同一个人或事物，谓语动词用单数。这里the writer and singer表示“作家兼歌手”是一个人，所以用is。
10. The boy together with his parents ____ to the museum once a month.
A. go
B. goes
C. went
D. going
答案：B。解析：主语是the boy，together with his parents是伴随状语，不影响主语的单复数。主语是单数第三人称，根据once a month可知是一般现在时，所以用goes。
11. There ____ some milk and eggs in the fridge.
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
答案：A。解析：There be句型，遵循就近原则，离be最近的是some milk，milk是不可数名词，所以用is。
12. Either the students or the teacher ____ making the plan now.
A. are
B. is
C. have
D. has
答案：B。解析：either...or...遵循就近原则，离谓语最近的是the teacher，根据now可知是现在进行时，主语是单数第三人称，所以用is。
13. Not only John but also his brothers ____ good at football.
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
答案：B。解析：not only...but also...遵循就近原则，离谓语最近的是his brothers，为复数，所以用are。
14. Neither of the books ____ mine.
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
答案：A。解析：neither of +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，所以用is。
15. A lot of people ____ waiting for the bus at the station.
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
答案：B。解析：a lot of people是复数，作主语时谓语动词用复数，所以用are。
16. Here ____ a boy and two girls.
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
答案：A。解析：Here引导的倒装句，谓语动词的单复数由后面的主语决定，离be最近的是a boy，为单数，所以用is。
17. What ____ your father or your mother?
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
答案：A。解析：or连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，离谓语最近的是your father，为单数第三人称，所以用is。
18. One of the boys ____ from America.
A. come
B. comes
C. coming
D. are coming
答案：B。解析：one of +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，所以用comes。
19. The police ____ looking for the lost child.
答案：B。解析：police是集合名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数，所以用are。
20. Each of us ____ a dictionary.
A. have
B. has
C. having
D. had
答案：B。解析：each of +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，所以用has。
21. There ____ a lot of water and some apples in the bowl.
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
答案：A。解析：There be句型遵循就近原则，离be最近的是a lot of water，water是不可数名词，所以用is。
22. Either you or I ____ wrong.
A. am
B. is
C. are
D. be
答案：A。解析：either...or...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，离谓语最近的是I，所以用am。
23. Not only the boys but also the girl ____ afraid of snakes.
A. am
B. is
C. are
D. be
答案：B。解析：not only...but also...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，离谓语最近的是the girl，为单数第三人称，所以用is。
24. Neither Tom nor his classmates ____ to school on time yesterday because of the traffic jam.
A. get
B. gets
C. got
D. getting
答案：C。解析：neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，离谓语最近的是his classmates，根据yesterday可知是一般过去时，所以用got。
25. A number of sheep ____ seen on the hill.
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
答案：B。解析：a number of修饰可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用复数，所以用are。
二、填空题
1. There ____ (be) a book and three pens on the table.
答案：is。解析：There be句型遵循就近原则，离be最近的是a book，为单数，所以用is。
2. Either you or he ____ (have) to clean the classroom.
答案：has。解析：either...or...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，离谓语最近的是he，为单数第三人称，所以用has。
3. Not only the children but also the mother ____ (like) this movie.
答案：likes。解析：not only...but also...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，离谓语最近的是the mother，为单数第三人称，所以用likes。
4. Neither my brother nor I ____ (be) good at math.
答案：am。解析：neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，离谓语最近的是I，所以用am。
5. A group of students ____ (be) playing basketball on the playground.
答案：are。解析：a group of修饰可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用复数，所以用are。
6. Here ____ (come) the bus and some cars.
答案：comes。解析：Here引导的句子是倒装句，谓语动词的单复数由后面的主语决定，离come最近的是the bus，为单数，所以用comes。
7. What ____ (be) your sister or your brother?
答案：is。解析：or连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，离谓语最近的是your sister，为单数第三人称，所以用is。
8. One of the girls ____ (sing) very well.
答案：sings。解析：one of +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，所以用sings。
9. The family ____ (be) watching TV now.
答案：are。解析：family在这里指家庭成员，是复数概念，根据now可知是现在进行时，所以用are。
10. Each boy and each girl ____ (have) a chance to take part in the competition.
答案：has。解析：each...and each...连接两个主语时，谓语动词用单数，所以用has。
11. There ____ (be) some bread and two bottles of milk in the bag.
答案：is。解析：There be句型遵循就近原则，离be最近的是some bread，bread是不可数名词，所以用is。
12. Either the teacher or the students ____ (be) going to clean the classroom.
答案：are。解析：either...or...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，离谓语最近的是the students，为复数，所以用are。
13. Not only he but also his friends ____ (like) playing football.
答案：like。解析：not only...but also...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，离谓语最近的是his friends，为复数，所以用like。
14. Neither of the two boys ____ (want) to go to school.
答案：wants。解析：neither of +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，所以用wants。
15. A lot of money ____ (be) spent on books.
答案：is。解析：money是不可数名词，a lot of修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，所以用is。
16. Here ____ (be) a pen and two pencils for you.
答案：is。解析：Here引导的倒装句，谓语动词的单复数由后面的主语决定，离be最近的是a pen，为单数，所以用is。
17. What ____ (be) your mother or your father?
答案：is。解析：or连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，离谓语最近的是your mother，为单数第三人称，所以用is。
18. One of the workers ____ (be) from Canada.
答案：is。解析：one of +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，所以用is。
19. The team ____ (be) having a meeting now.
答案：is。解析：team是集合名词，在这里表示一个整体，作主语时谓语动词用单数，所以用is。
20. Each of the books ____ (cost) ten yuan.
答案：costs。解析：each of +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，所以用costs。
21. There ____ (be) a pair of shoes and some socks under the bed.
答案：is。解析：There be句型遵循就近原则，离be最近的是a pair of shoes，a pair of作主语时谓语动词用单数，所以用is。
22. Either my sister or my parents ____ (be) going to the park tomorrow.
答案：are。解析：either...or...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，离谓语最近的是my parents，为复数，所以用are。
23. Not only the girls but also the boy ____ (know) the answer.
答案：knows。解析：not only...but also...连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则，离谓语最近的是the boy，为单数第三人称，所以用knows。
24. Neither of the twins ____ (like) math.
答案：likes。解析：neither of +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，所以用likes。
25. A number of trees ____ (be) planted last year.
答案：were。解析：a number of修饰可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用复数，根据last year可知是一般过去时，所以用were。
来源：蒙古元素