定冠词the的含义是什么?它到底如何使用?

B站影视 2025-01-02 18:51 3

摘要:“the”是定冠词,主要起限定作用。用于特指某些人或事物,让听话者或读者能明确所指对象,区别于其他同类事物。比如,“The book I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书很有意思。)”,这里的“the

1. 含义

- “the”是定冠词,主要起限定作用。用于特指某些人或事物,让听话者或读者能明确所指对象,区别于其他同类事物。比如,“The book I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书很有意思。)”,这里的“the”就明确是“我昨天买的那本”书,而不是别的书。

2. 起源

- “the”来自古英语中的“þe”或“seo”,它们是指示代词的一种形式,意思接近现代英语的“this”或“that”。随着语言的演变,这些指示代词的形式逐渐固定为定冠词“the”,用于表示特定的人、物或概念。

1. “定”的意思

- 在“定冠词”这个术语中,“定”表示限定、指定。它的作用是明确所修饰的名词是特定的某个(些)事物,而不是任意的一个。例如,“The dog in the yard is mine.(院子里的那只狗是我的。)”,这里的“the”就起到了将“狗”的范围限定为“院子里的那只”的作用。

2. “冠”的意思

- “冠”在这里是“冠词”的一部分称呼。在语法术语中,“冠词”(article)就像一个“帽子”(冠)一样放在名词之前,用来帮助说明名词的含义。“冠”体现了它在句子结构中的位置和功能,是放在名词前面的一种词类。

1. 定冠词the的用法

- 用于特指双方都明白的人或物

- The book on the desk is mine.(桌子上的那本书是我的。)

- The man in the black suit is my boss.(穿黑色西装的那个人是我的老板。)

- The car parked outside is my neighbor's.(停在外面的那辆车是我邻居的。)

- The house at the end of the street is very old.(街道尽头的那所房子很旧。)

- The woman with a red hat is my teacher.(戴红帽子的那位女士是我的老师。)

- 上文提到过的人或事

- I bought a pen yesterday. The pen writes smoothly.(我昨天买了一支钢笔。这支钢笔书写很流畅。)

- She saw a dog. The dog was very cute.(她看到一只狗。那只狗非常可爱。)

- He read a story. The story made him laugh.(他读了一个故事。这个故事让他笑了。)

- They visited a factory. The factory is famous for its cars.(他们参观了一家工厂。这家工厂以生产汽车而闻名。)

- I had a dream last night. The dream was very strange.(我昨晚做了一个梦。这个梦很奇怪。)

- 指世上独一物二的事物

- The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。)

- The moon is very bright tonight.(今晚的月亮很亮。)

- The earth goes around the sun.(地球绕着太阳转。)

- The sky is blue.(天空是蓝色的。)

- The universe is so big.(宇宙如此之大。)

- 与单数名词连用表示一类事物

- The tiger is a dangerous animal.(老虎是一种危险的动物。)

- The computer has changed our lives.(计算机改变了我们的生活。)

- The rose is my favorite flower.(玫瑰是我最喜欢的花。)

- The train is a fast means of transportation.(火车是一种快速的交通工具。)

- The elephant is a huge mammal.(大象是一种庞大的哺乳动物。)

- 与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人

- The rich should help the poor.(富人应该帮助穷人。)

- The wounded were sent to the hospital immediately.(伤员们被立即送往医院。)

- The old are well - taken care of in this community.(在这个社区,老年人被照顾得很好。)

- The unemployed are looking for jobs.(失业者正在找工作。)

- The disabled need our support.(残疾人需要我们的支持。)

- 用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词only,very,same等前面

- He is the first one to come.(他是第一个来的。)

- This is the best movie I have ever seen.(这是我看过的最好的电影。)

- She is the only girl in her family.(她是家里唯一的女孩。)

- That's the very book I want.(那正是我想要的书。)

- They are in the same class.(他们在同一个班。)

- 在表示乐器的名词之前

- She can play the piano.(她会弹钢琴。)

- He is good at playing the guitar.(他擅长弹吉他。)

- The boy is learning to play the violin.(这个男孩正在学拉小提琴。)

- My sister plays the flute.(我姐姐吹长笛。)

- Can you play the drums?(你会打鼓吗?)

- 在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人

- The Greens are having dinner.(格林一家正在吃晚餐。)

- The Smiths went to the park last Sunday.(史密斯一家上周日去公园了。)

- The Wangs live in a big house.(王家住在一所大房子里。)

- The Lis are my neighbors.(李家是我的邻居。)

- The Zhangs have a happy life.(张家过着幸福的生活。)

- 在某些习惯用语中

- in the morning/ afternoon/ evening(在早上/下午/晚上)

- on the other hand(另一方面)

- the more…the more…(越……越……)

- by the way(顺便说一下)

- at the moment(此刻)

2. 经典选择题

1. - ______ book on the table is mine.

A. A

B. An

C. The

D. /

2. - I like playing ______ basketball, but my sister likes playing ______ piano.

A. the; the

B. /; the

C. the; /

D. /; /

3. - She is ______ only person who can solve this problem.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

4. - ______ sun gives us light and heat.

A. A

B. An

C. The

D. /

5. - He is ______ first one to get to school every day.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

6. - I saw ______ old man on my way home. ______ old man was carrying a heavy bag.

A. an; An

B. an; The

C. a; The

D. the; An

7. - ______ rich should help ______ poor.

A. A; a

B. The; the

C. An; an

D. /; /

8. - This is ______ most interesting book I have ever read.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

9. - We can see ______ moon in the sky at night.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

10. - She is in ______ hospital. She is ill. Let's go and see her.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

3. 答案与解析

1. - C。这里是特指桌子上的那本书,所以用the。

2. - B。“play basketball”(打篮球),球类运动前不加冠词;“play the piano”(弹钢琴),乐器前要加the。

3. - C。“the only”(唯一的),表示特指,所以用the。

4. - C。“the sun”(太阳),是独一无二的事物,要用the。

5. - C。“the first”(第一个),序数词前要用the。

6. - B。第一个空是泛指“一个老人”,“old”是以元音音素开头,所以用“an”;第二个空是特指前面提到的那个老人,所以用“the”。

7. - B。“the rich”(富人),“the poor”(穷人),表示一类人,用the。

8. - C。“the most +形容词”构成最高级,所以用the。

9. - C。“the moon”(月亮),是独一无二的事物,用the。

10. - C。“in the hospital”(在医院里,可能是病人、家属或者医护人员等),这里根据语境是说她生病在医院,所以用the。

来源:大明哥杂谈

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