小h漫谈（10）：大数据与云计算、物联网的关系

摘要：大数据、云计算和物联网代表了 IT 领域最新的技术发展趋势，三者既有区别又有联系。云计算最初主要包含了两类内容：一类是以谷歌公司的GFS 和 MapReduce 为代表的大规模分布式并行计算技术；另一类是以亚马逊公司的虚拟机和对象存储为代表的 “按需租用”的商

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“小h漫谈（10）：大数据与云计算、物联网的关系”

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"Chat with Little H （10): The Relationship between Big Data, Cloud Computing and the Internet of Things"

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一、思维导图（Mind mapping）

二、精读内容（Intensive Reading Content）

大数据、云计算和物联网代表了 IT 领域最新的技术发展趋势，三者既有区别又有联系。云计算最初主要包含了两类内容：一类是以谷歌公司的GFS 和 MapReduce 为代表的大规模分布式并行计算技术；另一类是以亚马逊公司的虚拟机和对象存储为代表的 “按需租用”的商业模式。

Big data, cloud computing and the Internet of Things represent the latest technological development trends in the IT field. The three are both different and interconnected. Initially, cloud computing mainly included two categories of content: one was the large-scale distributed parallel computing technology represented by Google's GFS and MapReduce; the other was the business model of "renting on demand" represented by Amazon's virtual machines and object storage.

但是，随着大数据概念的提出，云计算中的分布式计算技术开始更多地被列入大数据技术，而人们提到云计算时，更多指的是底层基础 IT 资源的整合优化，以及以服务的方式提供IT资源的商业模式（如 IaaS、PaaS、SaaS )。从云计算和大数据概念的诞生到现在，二者之间的关系非常微妙，既密不可分，又千差万别。

However, with the introduction of the concept of big data, the distributed computing technology in cloud computing has begun to be included more in big data technologies. When people mention cloud computing nowadays, they mostly refer to the integration and optimization of underlying basic IT resources and the business model of providing IT resources in the form of services (such as IaaS, PaaS, SaaS). Since the birth of the concepts of cloud computing and big data until now, the relationship between them has been very delicate, being both inseparable and vastly different.

因此，我们不能把云计算和大数据割裂开来作为截然不同的两类技术来看待。此外，物联网也是和云计算、大数据相伴相生的技术。下面总结一下三者的联系与区别。

Therefore, we should not regard cloud computing and big data as two completely different types of technologies in isolation. In addition, the Internet of Things is also a technology that has developed alongside cloud computing and big data. The following summarizes the connections and differences among the three.

第一，大数据、云计算和物联网的区别。大数据侧重于对海量数据的存储、处理与分析，从海量数据中发现价值，服务于生产和生活；云计算旨在整合和优化各种 IT资源，并通过网络以服务的方式廉价地提供给用户；物联网的发展目标是实现“物物相连”，应用创新是物联网发展的核心。

First, the differences among big data, cloud computing and the Internet of Things. Big data focuses on the storage, processing and analysis of massive amounts of data, discovering value from vast data and serving production and life. Cloud computing aims to integrate and optimize various IT resources and provide them to users cheaply in the form of services via the network. The development goal of the Internet of Things is to achieve "connection between everything", and application innovation is the core of the development of the Internet of Things.

第二，大数据、云计算和物联网的联系。从整体上看，大数据、云计算和物联网这三者是相辅相成的。大数据根植于云计算，大数据分析的很多技术都来自云计算，云计算的分布式数据存储和管理系统（包括分布式文件系统和分布式数据库系统）提供了海量数据的存储和管理能力，分布式并行处理框架 MapReduce 提供了海量数据分析能力。没有这些云计算技术作为支撑，大数据分析就无从谈起。反之，大数据为云计算提供了 “用武之地”，没有大数据这个 “练兵场”，云计算技术再先进，也不能发挥它的应用价值。

Second, the connections among big data, cloud computing and the Internet of Things. Overall, big data, cloud computing and the Internet of Things are mutually complementary. Big data is rooted in cloud computing. Many technologies for big data analysis come from cloud computing. The distributed data storage and management systems of cloud computing (including distributed file systems and distributed database systems) provide the storage and management capabilities for massive amounts of data, and the distributed parallel processing framework MapReduce provides the ability to analyze massive amounts of data. Without these cloud computing technologies as support, big data analysis would be impossible. Conversely, big data provides a "stage" for cloud computing. Without big data as this "training ground", no matter how advanced cloud computing technologies are, their application value cannot be realized.

物联网的传感器源源不断产生的大量数据，构成了大数据的重要数据来源，没有物联网的飞速发展，就不会带来数据产生方式的变革，即由人工产生阶段转向自动产生阶段，大数据时代也不会这么快就到来。同时，物联网需要借助云计算和大数据技术，实现物联网大数据的存储、分析和处理。

The large amounts of data continuously generated by the sensors of the Internet of Things constitute an important data source for big data. Without the rapid development of the Internet of Things, there would not have been a change in the way data is generated, that is, from the stage of being generated manually to the stage of being generated automatically, and the era of big data would not have arrived so quickly. Meanwhile, the Internet of Things needs to utilize cloud computing and big data technologies to achieve the storage, analysis and processing of the big data of the Internet of Things.

可以说，云计算、大数据和物联网三者已经彼此渗透、相互融合，在很多应用场合都可以同时看到三者的身影。在未来，三者会继续相互促进、相互影响，更好地服务于社会生产和生活的各个领域。

It can be said that cloud computing, big data and the Internet of Things have already permeated and integrated with each other, and the presence of all three can be seen in many application scenarios. In the future, the three will continue to promote and influence each other and better serve various fields of social production and life.

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